Metal components analysis of metallothionein-III in the brain sections of metallothionein-I and metallothionein-II null mice exposed to mercury vapor with HPLC/ICP-MS

Mercury vapor is effectively absorbed via inhalation and easily passes through the blood–brain barrier; therefore, mercury poisoning with primarily central nervous system symptoms occurs. Metallothionein (MT) is a cysteine-rich metal-binding protein and plays a protective role in heavy-metal poisoning and it is associated with the metabolism of trace elements. Two MT isoforms, MT-I and MT-II, are expressed coordinately in all mammalian tissues, whereas MT-III is a brain-specific member of the MT family. MT-III binds zinc and copper physiologically and is seemed to have important neurophysiological and neuromodulatory functions. The MT functions and metal components of MTs in the brain after mercury vapor exposure are of much interest; however, until now they have not been fully examined. In this study, the influences of the lack of MT-I and MT-II on mercury accumulation in the brain and the changes of zinc and copper concentrations and metal components of MTs were examined after mercury vapor exposure by using MT-I, II null mice and 129/Sv (wild-type) mice as experimental animals. MT-I, II null mice and wild-type mice were exposed to mercury vapor or an air stream for 2 h and were killed 24 h later. The brain was dissected into the cerebral cortex, the cerebellum, and the hippocampus. The concentrations of mercury in each brain section were determined by cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry. The concentrations of mercury, copper, and zinc in each brain section were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The mercury accumulated in brains after mercury vapor exposure for MT-I, II null mice and wild-type mice. The mercury levels of MT-I, II null mice in each brain section were significantly higher than those of wild-type mice after mercury vapor exposure. A significant change of zinc concentrations with the following mercury vapor exposure for MT-I, II null mice was observed only in the cerebellum analyzed by two-way analysis of variance. As for zinc, the copper concentrations only changed significantly in the cerebellum. Metal components of metal-binding proteins of soluble fractions in the brain sections were analyzed by size-exclusion high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) connected with ICP-MS. From the results of HPLC/ICP-MS analyses, it was concluded that the mercury components of MT-III and high molecular weight metal-binding proteins in the cerebellum of MT-I, II null mice were much higher than those of wild-type mice. It was suggested that MT-III is associated with the storage of mercury in conditions lacking MT-I, and MT-II. It was also suggested that the physiological role of MT-III and some kind of high molecular weight proteins might be impaired by exposure to mercury vapor and lack of MT-I and MT-II.     

基于2,3-二羟基丁二酸新配位方式构建的新颖双U形四核铜配合物[Cu4(dhbd)2(dpphen)4•2H2O]•8H2O

利用水热法合成了标题配合物Cu₄(dhbd)₂(dpphen)₄•2H₂O]•8H₂O(H4dhbd＝2,3-二羟基丁二酸, dpphen＝4,7-二苯基-1,10-邻菲咯啉), 通过元素分析、红外光谱、热分析、X射线单晶衍射等技术对其进行了表征. 晶体结构分析表明, 由于水的配位阻断, 2,3-二羟基丁二酸根仅通过单羟基氧桥联两个U形双核亚单元形成具有一个对称中心的双U形四核结构, 其中U型亚单元包含晶体学上不对称的2个Cu(II)原子、1个2,3-二羟基丁二酸根(dhbd)、2个4,7-二苯基-1,10-邻菲咯啉(dpphen)和1个配位H₂O分子. 毗邻的四核单元通过配位H2O分子和配位羟基O原子形成的R₂²(8)型环形氢键桥的连接, 沿a轴方向构建了四核单元交替相连的一维超分子链; 链间籍苯环的π-π堆积作用和晶格水分子氢键链的连接进一步扩展为具有隧道的三维结构. 配合物中呈现了一种2,3-二羟基丁二酸与过渡金属配位的新方式. 变温磁化率研究表明标题配合物具有弱的反铁磁耦合作用.     

Li+粘贴CHnCl3-nO2和CFnCl3-nO2( n = 1~3 )自由基：Li+–CHnCl3-nO2和 Li+–CFnCl3-nO2的结构与性质的研究

The structures and stabilities of these still experimentally unknown CH_nCl_(3-n)O_(2-)Li~ and CF_nCl_(3-n)O_(2-)Li~ ionshave been theoretically investigated by ab initio molecular orbital theory and density functional theory(DFT)inconjunction with the 6-311G(d,p),6-311 G(d,p),6-311 G(2d,p)and 6-311 G(2df,2p)basis sets.The optimizedgeometries,chemical bonding and NBO analysis indicate that these complexes of CH_nCl_(3-n)O_(2-)Li~ and CF_nCl_(3-n)O_(2-)Li~ exist as ion-dipole molecules.The calculated affinity energies of these species exceed 41.9 kJ/mol,which arelarge enough to suggest the possibility that these title complexes could be detected as stable species in gas phase byLi~ ion attachment mass spectrometry.     

室温离子液体FeCl3-BPC体系的研究

利用差示扫描量热法(DSC)建立了无水三氯化铁和氯化正丁基吡啶(BPC)二元体系相图. 依据相图, FeCl₃和BPC形成室温离子液体的窗口是x＝0.26～0.58; 室温离子液体的深度是80 ℃. 利用UHF/6-31G^*对FeCl₃, FeCl₄^－, Fe₂Cl₇^－等配合物的几何结构、键长、能量和Raman频率进行优化, 从头算和Raman光谱证实了相图中FeCl₃摩尔分数x＝0.50处有稳定化合物存在, FeCl₄^－是主要阴离子; x＝0.67处, FeCl₄^－, Fe₂Cl₇^－是主要阴离子.     

6-羟基-5,12-萘并萘醌及其CH3, C6H5取代衍生物的光致变色理论研究

用密度泛函理论的B3LYP/6-31G方法和从头算的CIS/6-31G方法分别研究了6-羟基-5,12-萘并萘醌及其CH₃, C₆H₅取代衍生物基态和激发态的异构化反应，.对反应势能面的研究发现, 在光异构化反应中化合物M21和M21、M31的基态和激发态虽然都可以构成四能级反应过程, 但由于M21异构化过程的活化能较高, 使其所构成的四能级反应难以进行, 这就从理论上解释了迁移基团为甲基的M21变色性能低于迁移基团为苯基的M31的实验结果. 此外用TD/B3LYP方法在溶剂存在下计算了上述化合物的紫外吸收光谱和荧光发射光谱, 计算所得到的光谱数据与实验值基本一致, 与光异构化反应的光激发条件相符合.     

2-Phosphinophenolate complexes: formation and crystal structure of a novel trinuclear mu-O nickel(II)-tris(P(intersection)O-chelate)

A novel linear trinuclear mu-O-bridging 2-phosphinophenolate nickel(II) complex with fac-tris(P(intersection)O- chelates) in the terminal positions and the three oxygen atoms each facing the central nickel(II) cation was synthesized and structurally characterized by X-ray crystallography. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of an octahedral Ni(II) tris(P(intersection)O- chelate).     

Energetic ion bombardment of Ag surfaces by C<Stack><Subscript>60</Subscript><Superscript>+</Superscript></Stack> and Ga<Superscript>+</Superscript> projectiles

The ion bombardment-induced release of particles from a metal surface is investigated using energetic fullerene cluster ions as projectiles. The total sputter yield as well as partial yields of neutral and charged monomers and clusters leaving the surface are measured and compared with corresponding data obtained with atomic projectile ions of similar impact kinetic energy. It is found that all yields are enhanced by about one order of magnitude under bombardment with the C60+ cluster projectiles compared with Ga+ ions. In contrast, the electronic excitation processes determining the secondary ion formation probability are unaffected. The kinetic energy spectra of sputtered particles exhibit characteristic differences which reflect the largely different nature of the sputtering process for both types of projectiles. In particular, it is found that under C60+ impact (1) the energy spectrum of sputtered atoms peaks at significantly lower kinetic energies than for Ga+ bombardment and (2) the velocity spectra of monomers and dimers are virtually identical, a finding which is in pronounced contrast to all published data obtained for atomic projectiles. The experimental findings are in reasonable agreement with recent molecular dynamics simulations.     

正交信号校正在正常成人血清1H NMR谱的代谢组分析中的滤噪作用评价

观察、比较正交信号校正(OSC)滤噪前后, 用不同的模式识别方法对正常成人血清代谢组¹H NMR谱进行分析的效果, 以探讨NMR代谢组学技术应用于临床研究和疾病早期诊断的可行性. 78例正常成人在采血前按常规要求禁食8 h, 记录血清一维600 MHz氢谱后, 分别采用主成分分析(PCA)、偏最小二乘法-判别分析(PLS-DA)以及簇类的独立软模式法(SIMCA)对氢谱进行模式识别分析. 结果表明: 虽然采血前并无其它诸如饮食、生活方式、生理周期等方面的严格限制, 采用OSC 滤噪后, PLS-DA能够完全区分不同性别的血清氢谱, 其判别能力优于PCA和SIMCA. 而且采用OSC滤噪与文献报道的未经OSC处理的PLS-DA法获得的与性别分类有关的主要NMR积分区段基本相同. 从OSC去除不同数目的隐变量后所致的PLS-DA模型的性能改变可见: OSC去除两个隐变量时, 前两个隐变量的特征值明显比后面的大; 剩余残差为20.82%, 即去除了79.18%的X变量中与反应变量Y不相关的系统变异. 此时PLS-DA计算所得的隐变量个数为1; 而不使用OSC或用OSC去除一个隐变量时, PLS-DA所得的隐变量个数分别为3和2. 作为PLS-DA模型质量的评价指标, R2X表示PLS-DA模型计算所获得的隐变量反映自变量X的变异的百分比, R2Y则表示隐变量反映因变量Y的变异的百分比, Q2 (cum)为交叉验证后PLS-DA模型所获隐变量能够预测X和Y变异的累计百分比. R2X在OSC去除两个隐变量时达到最低值, 表明此时PLS-DA计算模型包含的系统变异最少; R2Y与Q2 (cum)都达到80%以上并趋于稳定, 说明OSC去除两个隐变量时PLS-DA模型的质量优良. 显然, OSC可去除饮食、环境等因素的影响, 降低临床样本的不均一性, 这对于NMR代谢组学技术应用于临床研究至关重要. OSC滤噪去除的隐变量个数应根据剩余残差、去除隐变量的特征值大小、PLS-DA模型计算所得的隐变量个数和反映模型质量的相关指标加以判断.     

结合电生孔技术的抗体-纳米TiO2靶向光敏杀癌细胞

报道了用免疫、电生孔和纳米TiO₂光催化组合技术进行杀伤结肠癌LoVo细胞的研究. 先把结合LoVo细胞表面CEA抗原的单克隆抗CEA抗体吸附在纳米TiO₂微粒表面, 抗体-纳米TiO₂复合微粒就会自动吸附到LoVo细胞的表面, 然后用电脉冲法使LoVo癌细胞的细胞膜上产生小孔, 促使纳米TiO₂微粒进入癌细胞内部. 最后在紫外光照射下使TiO₂纳米粒子在癌细胞内部发生光催化氧化作用, 杀伤癌细胞. 结果表明, 这种组合技术具有很高的杀癌细胞能力. 在仅含3.12 μg/mL抗体-纳米TiO₂的细胞培养液内和强度为4 mW/cm²的紫外光照射下, 可在30 min内将所有LoVo癌细胞杀死. 这种技术对LoVo癌细胞的杀伤力远高于对不表达CEA抗原的人正常TE353.sk细胞的杀伤力, 显示了组合技术杀癌细胞的高选择性. 因此, 这种组合技术有望成为治疗癌症的新方法, 值得进一步探索.