Iodine-poly(2-vinylpyridine-co-styrene-co-divinylbenzene) charge transfer complexes with antibacterial activity

In this work, we have developed three different copolymers based on 2-vinylpyridine, styrene and crosslinked with divinylbenzene (10-30 mol%). The copolymers were morphologically and chemically characterized by apparent density, swelling degree, elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry and optical microscopy. The formation of iodine complexes with these copolymers was carried out by two different procedures: with solvent, or not. The influence of the copolymers structure on the capacity of anchoring iodine has been investigated. The antibacterial properties of polymeric charge transfer complexes were determined towards 10³-10⁷ cells/mL dilutions from the auxotrophic AB1157 Escherichia coli strain.     

猴头菇微量元素含量的分析

用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪（ICP-AES）测定了湛江市栽培的猴头茹微量元素的含量，发现其磷、硫、钙、镁、锌、铁、铜等元素的含量都比较丰富，并讨论了这些有益元素与人体健康的关系。     

Multivariate calibration of reversed-phase chromatographic systems. Some designs based on three-way data analysis

When retention measurements are available for a set of solutes on different stationary phases, with varying mobile phase compositions, the resulting data set can be represented by a three-way array. Models that describe the systematic variation in this training set sufficiently, can be used to calibrate a new stationary phase. Two models are tested for this purpose: three-way partial least squares and parallel factor analysis.     

Formamide,a water substitute XIV (1) waterless microemulsions 8. Structural analysis by X-ray scattering of CTAB aggregates in formamide and in the microemulsion system (formamide,CTAB, isooctane, 1-butanol)

X-ray scattering was used to analyse the structures of aggregates of CTAB in various formamide-containing media.Firstly, CTAB micelles were detected in formamide solutions. A spherical micelle model was proposed; at values close to the CMC, smaller micelles were observed in formamide than in water.Secondly, the structure of microemulsions in the isooctane-rich zone of the system (formamide/CTAB=2, isooctane, 1-butanol) was studied by X-ray scattering. The structure was found to be quite different in this zone from that normally observed in aqueous microemulsions. Structures compatible with small filaments of formamide were detected. The results were related to previous measurements of electrical conductivity.     

Erfahrungen mit der Automatisierung der massenspektrometrischen Gasanalyse

Zusammenfassung Apparatur und Analysengang für die massenspektrometrische Analyse von Gasgemischen mit bis zwanzig Komponenten unter Benutzung eines analog-to-digital converter und einer elektronischen Rechenmaschine werden beschrieben. Die Methode wird mit der normalen massenspektrometrischen Analyse mit photographischer Registrierung der Peaks verglichen, vor welcher sie bei gleicher Genauigkeit den Vorteil größerer Schnelligkeit hat.     

Nonpeptide inhibitors of cathepsin G: optimization of a novel beta-ketophosphonic acid lead by structure-based drug design

The serine protease cathepsin G (EC 3.4.21.20; Cat G), which is stored in the azurophilic granules of neutrophils (polymorphonuclear leukocytes) and released on degranulation, has been implicated in various pathological conditions associated with inflammation. By employing high-throughput screening, we identified beta-ketophosphonic acid 1 as a moderate inhibitor of Cat G (IC(50) = 4.1 microM). We were fortunate to obtain a cocrystal of 1 with Cat G and solve its structure by X-ray crystallography (3.5 A). Structural details from the X-ray analysis of 1.Cat G served as a platform for optimization of this lead compound by structure-based drug design. With the aid of molecular modeling, substituents were attached to the 3-position of the 2-naphthyl ring of 1, which occupies the S1 pocket of Cat G, to provide an extension into the hydrophobic S3 region. Thus, we arrived at analogue 7 with an 80-fold potency improvement over 1 (IC(50) = 53 nM). From these results, it is evident that the beta-ketophosphonic acid unit can form the basis for a novel class of serine protease inhibitors.     

Cu K-edge EXAFS characterisation of copper(I) arenethiolate complexes in both the solid and liquid state: detection of Cu-Cu coordination

Herein we describe a structural characterisation with EXAFS of copper(I) arenethiolate complexes in both the solid and liquid state. Previously noted difficulties in the detection of the Cu-Cu interaction have been attributed to anti-phase behaviour of different Cu-Cu neighbour contributions. A data analysis procedure solely based on EXAFS parameters is presented which resolves these problems. A careful analysis of the individual coordination shells and the use of different k-weightings during the data analysis are shown to be an absolute necessity to obtain reliable results. During R-space fitting, the difference file technique is used to separate, examine and compare the individual contributions. Using this technique their statistical significance and correctness can be determined. Anti-phase behaviour can be detected and accounted for in this way. An additional mixed organocopper aggregate [Cu4(SAr)2(Mes)2] with different Cu sites is analysed, which proves the value of the analysis procedure described above. Moreover, this newly developed EXAFS data analysis procedure is applicable to any other EXAFS spectrum obtained. The structural analysis of these organocopper complexes with EXAFS provides information about their actual structure and dynamic behaviour in solution. The technique can now be used to obtain insights into the reactivity of these complexes and the way in which they form catalytic reaction intermediates.     

Alkynylcyclohexadienyl tricarbonyliron complexes: A new directing effect for organoiron-mediated synthesis

The first example of an alkyne-substituted tricarbonyl(η⁵-cyclohexadienyl)iron(1+) complex has been prepared and the ω directing effect of the phenylethynyl substituent has been demonstrated in nucleophile addition reactions. Addition of NC⁻ also occurs at the a position to form an unusual η¹, η³-structure.     

STRATOSPHERIC OZONE DEPLETION BETWEEN 1979 and 1992: IMPLICATIONS FOR BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE ULTRAVIOLET-B RADIATION and NON-MELANOMA SKIN CANCER INCIDENCE

Abstract— The depletion of stratospheric ozone (0₃) has predictable implications for increases in biologically damaging solar ultraviolet-B radiation (UVB,280–320 nm) reaching the earth's surface. A radiative transfer analysis of satellite-based O₃ measurements between January 1979 and December 1992 shows that surface UVB levels increased substantially at all latitudes except the tropics, if other factors such as cloud cover and local pollutant levels have remained constant over this period. Exposure to UVB radiation is known to induce basal cell and squamous cell skin cancers, and dose-response relationships derived from epidemiological data can be combined with the UVB enhancements to estimate the seasonal and latitudinal distribution of future expected increases in the incidence of these cancers.