液相色谱-串联质谱联用技术检测人尿中去氨加压素及其在人尿中的消除研究

建立了液相色谱-串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)检测人尿中去氨加压素的方法。样品经Waters C_(18)固相萃取净化,Phenomenex Onyx Monolothic C_(18)色谱柱分离,以10 mmol/L甲酸铵水溶液(用甲酸调至p H 3.5)-乙腈作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,流速为0.4 m L/min,串联质谱正离子模式电离(ESI~+),多反应监测模式(MRM)检测。收集8名志愿者在服用单次单剂量去氨加压素后留取3 d内全部尿液样本,使用建立的方法进行检测并绘制代谢曲线。结果表明:尿中去氨加压素的检出限为0.2μg/L;线性范围为0.5~20μg/L,相关系数(r~2)大于0.997;在低、中、高3个加标浓度下,回收率均高于59%,日内及日间精密度均小于10%,基质效应在20%以内。8名志愿者的阳性尿中去氨加压素浓度峰值在服药后70~150 min之间,最高浓度为0.2~2.4μg/L,检测窗口期最长可至服药后13 h左右。该法对于尿中去氨加压素具有特异性,能显著降低实验时间和成本,完全满足世界反兴奋剂组织对该药物的检测要求。该实验考察了服药后阳性尿中去氨加压素的浓度变化,研究了去氨加压素在人体内的消除情况。     

Synthesis and Stereostructure of Saturated Isoindolone-Fused Hetero Tri-, Tetra-, and Pentacyclic Compounds

Summary. t-2-Benzoyl-t-4-phenylcyclohexane-r-1-carboxylic acid reacts with hydrazine to give the saturated 1,7-diphenyl-trans-phthalazin-4(3H)-one. The reaction of the acid with ethylenediamine yields diastereomeric trans-imidazo[2,3-a]isoindoles, which differ in their C-1 configuration. The cyclizations of the acid with cis-2-aminocyclohexane- or 4-cyclohexenemethanol result in trans-isoindolo[2,1-a][3,1]benzoxazines, while in its reactions with the analogous di-endo- and di-exo-norbornane- and -norborneneamino alcohols, the acid gives methylene-bridged isomeric di-endo-norbornanes or a norbornene derivative; the corresponding diastereomeric di-exo derivatives have also been prepared. After isolation, the structures were established by means of ¹H and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy, with application of DIFFNOE, DEPT, HMQC, HMBC, and 2D-COSY techniques.     

Synthesis and Stereostructure of 3-Amino-5- and -6-hydroxybicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-2-carboxylic Acid Diastereomers

Summary. All-endo-3-amino-5-hydroxybicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-2-carboxylic acid and two epimers of 3-amino-6-hydroxybicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-2-carboxylic acid were prepared via 1,3-oxazine or γ-lactone intermediates by the stereoselective functionalization of endo-3-aminobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2-carboxylic acid derivatives. Their structures were proved by IR and NMR spectroscopy, with the use of HMQC, HMBC, DEPT, and DIFFNOE techniques.     

自制氢化松香主要化学组成的GC-MS法测定

利用自行改进的DEAE－Sephadex离子交换色谱从以玉米松香为原料制备的氢化松香中分离出主要化学组成部分－酸性部分，然后采用DB－5毛细管柱和GC－MS技术对酸性部分进行定性和相对含量测定；共鉴定出6种二氢枞酸型树脂酸，4种二氢海松酸／异海松酸型树脂酸，1种四氢枞酸型树脂酸，2种四氢海松酸／异海松酸型树脂酸；其主要成分为13－二氢枞酸、8－二氢枞酸、13β－7－二氢枞酸、8α，13β－四氢枞酸及8（14）－二氢海松酸等。     

Determination of Total Selenium Content in Cereals and Bakery Products by Flow Injection Hydride Generation Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Applying in-situ Trapping on Iridium-Treated Graphite Platforms

A flow injection hydride generation graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometric (FI-HG-GFAAS) method was applied to the determination of Se in Se-doped and undoped cereals and bakery products. For the purpose of doping, the soils used for the cultivation of the cereals were dosed with Se-doped foliar fertilizers. The samples were dissolved in a mixture of HNO₃ and H₂O₂ solutions using microwave-assisted digestion. The decomposition of H₂Se generated from the sample solutions and the trapping of elemental Se were performed at a temperature of 300°C on an Ir-pretreated integrated graphite platform of a transversally heated graphite atomizer (THGA). For release of the trapped Se within a fairly short atomization time (5s), an atomization temperature of 2200°C was observed to be optimal. The overall efficiency of hydride generation, transport and trapping was 86%.The upper limit of the linear dynamic range of calibration was 10µgL^–1, which corresponds to 0.5µgg^–1 for solid samples. Recovery of the samples spiked with Se^VI solutions was found to be 93±6% on average. The relative standard deviation of the determinations was less than 8%. The limit of detection was found to be 0.06µgL^–1, corresponding to 3ngg^–1 for solid samples. The accuracy of the method was verified with the use of IAEA-155 (whey powder) certified reference material. End-capped THGA tubes resulted in an extension of the linear calibration range compared to that of standard THGAs.The Se content in bakery products made of undoped cereals ranged from 7.7 to 68ngg^–1 (wet weight) in 18 samples, whereas the Se content of the corresponding cereals was found to be below 100ngg^–1 (wet weight). The Se level of cereals grown on soils treated with Se-doped fertilizers ranged from 128 to 1046ngg^–1 (wet weight), and it depended linearly on the Se concentration of the corresponding foliar fertilizer.     

Structure Determination of an Unusual [2.2]paracyclophane Derivative by NMR Spectroscopy

Our ongoing study on cycloaddition reactions of dienes with different dienophiles afforded a great variety of derivatives with interesting molecular structures and electronic behavior. A new type of angularly annelated [2.2]paracyclophane (3) has been synthesize by the Diels–Alder reaction of 4-(2-propenyl[2.2]paracyclophane (1) and 1,4-benzoquinone (2) under high pressure conditions. The structure determination of this compound has been achieved by NMR measurements and semiempirical calculations.     

SrO对Al2O3载体的改性及MnOx/SrO-Al2O3催化剂的甲烷燃烧活性

以Mn(CH3COO)2为前驱体，制备了MnOx/Al2O3,MnOx/SrO-Al2O3系列催化剂，考察了SrO对Al2O3热稳定性的影响及MnOx/SrO-Al2O3催化甲烷燃烧的活性，并用X－射线衍射（XRD），程序升温还原（TPR）对其进行了表征，结果表明，随SrO加入量的增加复合载体SrO-Al2O3的比表面发生明显变化，高温焙烧过程中生成SrAl2O4,SrO.6Al2O3,SrO的加入抑制了Al2O3的α相变，SrO-Al2O3(1000℃焙烧）负载的MnOx催化剂，其还原性能有较大提高，对甲烷燃烧的催化活性明显增强。     

中药材中有机磷类农药残留量的GC-PCI-MS法测定(Ⅰ)

采用气相色谱-正化学电离-质谱法对中药材中有机磷农药残留进行检测方法的研究；应用选择离子监测(SIM)技术，排除了杂质的干扰，提高了分析灵敏度；建立了有效、实用的有机磷农药残留量的检测方法。     

Eu~(3 )在CaYBO_4中的取代和发光

用固相法制备化合物CaY1 -xBO4∶xEu ,研究Eu3 在CaYBO4中的取代格位和发光特性。当Eu3 掺杂浓度不大时 ,存在两个发光中心 ,认为是取代基质中有两个Y格位的结果 ;通过对Eu O的电荷迁移激发带位置的分析 ,表明Eu3 所处八面体中心格位的对称性越低 ,Eu O的电荷迁移带越偏向于短波 ;当Eu3 的掺杂浓度较大 (x >0 1 0 )时 ,Eu3 离子也可占据Ca2 格位 ,同时Eu3 还原成Eu2 。     

基于机器学习的烟雾检测算法去除固定干扰

烟雾是早期火灾最为突出的视觉表现,因此检测火灾烟雾在日常防火应用中具有重要的意义。针对目前视频烟雾检测算法中误报率高,适应性差等特点,在实施基本烟雾检测算法并在其基础上提出基于机器学习的视频烟雾去干扰方法,能很大程度上去除固定干扰物的干扰,提高了烟雾识别的正确率。实验证明,该算法可以较好、较快地检测出烟雾,并做出早期的预警工作,且具有检测精确等优点,很方便在现实中推广使用。