Determination of Chromium (VI) in Airborne Particulate Matter by Electrothermal Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

Hexavalent chromium Cr(VI) is a well-established carcinogen associated with lung, nasal, and sinus cancer. Cr(VI) threshold limit values in workroom air have been recently lowered. Consequently, the currently available analytical methods are insufficiently sensitive or high cost. In this paper, a simple, cost-effective, sensitive, and reproducible method using solid-phase extraction with electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry for determination of hexavalent chromium in airborne samples is reported. The method validation included selectivity, linearity, accuracy, and precision. Interferences from other ions likely to be present in airborne samples, including trivalent chromium, were tested and selectivity was demonstrated. The detection and quantification limits were, respectively, as low as 0.1 and 0.4?µg?L^?1. The linearity ranged from 0.5 to 50.0?µg?L^?1, with a regression coefficients exceeding 0.998. The extraction recovery exceeded 98%. The developed method was successfully compared with a reference spectrophotometric method. The performances achieved were similar to ion chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography approaches. The novel method was tested on airborne samples collected from the workplace. The method’s performance suggests that it may be an alternative to high-cost techniques for monitoring occupational exposure to hexavalent chromium.     

λ_5-geometry中的Steiner树问题(Ⅰ)

本文首先提出了 λ5-geometry中的 Steiner最小树问题 .讨论了 λ5-ge-ometry中的 Steiner最小树的若干性质 ,并给出了给定点数为 3或 4时 Steiner最小树的基本结构 .     

线性规划的σj迭代计算方法

本提出并证明了求解线性规划（LP）的单纯形法中检验数（σj）的迭代计算方法的定理,由此定理得到的迭代计算方法比传统的按定义式计算法的渐近时间复杂度降了一级,同时简化了计算过程并提高了计算效率。     

氧化铝纤维含量对Al2O3f＋Cf／ZL109混杂复合材料耐磨性能的影响

利用挤压铸造法制备了Al2O3f Cf/ZL09短纤维混杂金属基复合材料，并探讨了炭纤维体积分数为4％时，Al2O3纤维含量变化对该复合材料耐磨性能的影响。结果表明：随着Al2O3体积分数增加，复合材料的摩擦系数逐渐增大，复合材料从轻微磨损到急剧磨损的临界转变载荷大幅度提高，并随Al2O3含量的增加而逐渐增大；在临界载荷以下，影响复合材料磨损率的Al2O3含量临界值为12％，当Al2O3含量低于临界值时复合材料磨损表面无明显剥落，而当Al2O3含量超过临界值后，复合材料磨损表面存在大量的剥落坑，磨损率增大。     

关于离散型随机变量次序统计量分布矩阵对称性猜想的探索

本文研究了离散型随机变量次序统计量的分布矩阵的对称性 ,获得了二个定理 .定理 1　服从等概率二点分布或等概率三点分布的离散型随机变量的次序统计量的分布矩阵是对称矩阵 .定理 2　取值有限且等概率的离散型随机变量的次序统计量的分布矩阵具有中心对称性 .     

二维晶格上Kadanoff分块及重整化群方法

对二维晶格上的Kadanoff分块进行了全面分析，给出了划分的一般规律，得出元块选择的非任意性和含相同元块选择不惟一等结论，并给出正三角形格子和正方形格子元块中格点数目的允许值。同时，利用重整化群方法对9点，13点元块进行了计算，得到了相应的不动点和各种临界指数，并与其它计算结果进行了比较，结果表明，计算精度有随元块中所含格点数的增加而增加的趋势。     

弯曲梁随机刚度有限元法

弯曲梁的随机材料参数和随机几何参数可结合为一个随机参数-弯曲刚度。以位移的均值和协方差函数的变分原理为基础,根据基本方程推导出具有随机刚度的静定弯曲梁的有限元法。这种方法不再采用摄动技术,可直接建立位移的均值和协方差函数。     

线弹性幂强化材料平面杆系弹塑性分析的数值解

各杆任意铰接在一个刚体上的平面杆系是一种比较复杂的杆系结构,某些其它类型的平面杆系常常可以看作是它的特例。本文将材料的本构关系描述为线性幂强化形式,推导出了该类平面杆系结构弹塑性分析的普遍表达式,编制了通用程序,使这一类问题有了一个通用的解题方法。     

开挖对岩体稳态扰动与滑移机制的模拟试验研究

矿山岩体工程开挖将引起周围岩体的移动和变形 ,如果某区域的岩体受到不同开挖工程的共同作用 ,那么岩体内应力状态将是各个影响因素综合作用的结果。本文将应用底面摩擦模型试验方法 ,主要研究和探讨在先期进行地下开采 ,然后进行露天开采条件下 ,边坡岩体的动态滑移机制及其变形规律 ,以便为此类矿山后续开采设计及边坡岩体动态分析提供科学依据。     

New results for isotropic point scatterers: Foldy revisited

Since 1945, Foldy’s method has been used to predict velocity and attenuation for various types of scatterers. In this paper, it is shown that Foldy’s method also yields predictions of reflection and transmission of scalar waves by a random distribution of point or line scatterers contained in a slab. Results are given in two and three dimensions, and for normal and oblique incidences. Formulae are also obtained for the reflection and transmission of longitudinal waves by point or line scatterers distributed in an elastic (non-viscous) fluid. Energy equations are derived, and expressions are obtained for the energy dissipated in the slab on average over one period. Curves for the reflection and transmission coefficients are presented in the case of solid cylindrical bars immersed in a fluid. The results obtained in this paper are expected to be valid for a low density of scatterers. Potential applications of this work occur in ultrasonic evaluation of materials, seismic exploration and medical ultrasonics, where reflected (or backscattered) data are used to construct maps or images of the materials (metals, composites, earth subsurface, tissue). The formulae of this work are expected to provide useful tools for better and more efficient mapping or imaging.