Time-dependent Ginzburg–Landau equations for multi-gap superconductors

We numerically solve the time-dependent Ginzburg–Landau equations for two-gap superconductors using the finite-element technique. The real-time simulation shows that at low magnetic field, the vortices in small-size samples tend to form clusters or other disorder structures. When the sample size is large, stripes appear in the pattern. These results are in good agreement with the previous experimental observations of the intriguing anomalous vortex pattern, providing a reliable theoretical basis for the future applications of multi-gap superconductors.     

On two expressions of the MLE for a special case of the extended growth curve models

An algebraic proof is given on the equivalence between two solutions of MLEs for a special case of the extended growth curve models called the Banken model. One solution given by Verbyla and Venables is an iterative solution in the general case but reduces to a non-iterative one in the case of the Banken model. The other solution given by von Rosen is a closed-form solution specifically targeted at the Banken model. The proof has turned out to be quite challenging yet intriguing as it touches on many aspects of intricate matrix theory involving projection matrices.     

Pointwise characterizations of Besov and Triebel–Lizorkin spaces and quasiconformal mappings

In this paper, the authors characterize, in terms of pointwise inequalities, the classical Besov spaces and Triebel–Lizorkin spaces for all s∈(0,1) and p,q∈(n/(n+s),∞], both in Rn and in the metric measure spaces enjoying the doubling and reverse doubling properties. Applying this characterization, the authors prove that quasiconformal mappings preserve on Rn for all s∈(0,1) and q∈(n/(n+s),∞]. A metric measure space version of the above morphism property is also established.     

夜视像增强器(蓝光延伸与近红外延伸光阴极)的近期进展

２０世纪９０年代以来，夜视像增强器的研究主要朝着两个方向发展：一是研究对于探测、识别与确认沙漠地带或沙地景物有贡献的蓝光延伸（＜５５０ｎｍ）ＧａＡｓ负电子亲和势（ＮＥＡ）光阴极，光谱响应向短波长延伸，使光阴极灵敏度、光增益与鉴别率等性能大大优于标准三代管，从而形成“加强三代管”或所谓“四代管”，其探测性能较标准三代管高一倍；二是研究与夜天空辐射较为匹配、对１．０６μｍ激光有较高响应的光阴极，包括研究ＩｎＧａＡｓ、ＮＥＡ光阴极（１．０～１．３μｍ和１．５～２．０μｍ）和多碱光阴极（１．０～１．１μｍ）这三类近红外（ＮＩＲ）像管，可用于主被动夜视。本文综述了这几个方面的进展及其在夜视中的实际应用。     

用蓝色光二极管测量掺钛蓝宝石飞秒激光脉冲宽度

用蓝色光二极管双光子跃迁光电流信号测量掺钛蓝玉石飞秒激光脉冲宽度，实验高精度地记录了二阶干涉自相关曲线及其精细结构，由于用蓝色二极管双光子跃迁代替了常用的二次谐波，而且光信号直接转化为电信号，从而使飞秒激光脉冲宽度的测量大为简化。     

High spin states and evidence for octupole correlations in 117Xe

High-spin states of ¹¹⁷Xe were investigated by means of in-beam γ-ray spectroscopic techniques via the reaction of ²⁸Si bombarding a ⁹²Mo target at beam energies of 100-120 MeV. A positive-parity rotational band decaying into the yrast negative-parity band by a series of enhanced E1 transitions was observed for the first time, implying the existence of octupole correlations in ¹¹⁷Xe. The B(E1) values increase with spin. The νd_5/2 band was firmly established up to 27/2⁺ and the B(M1)/B(E2) ratios were extracted from the relative intensities of γ-rays in this band. The previously known νh_11/2 and νg_7/2 [413]5/2⁺α=−1/2 bands were confirmed and extended up to high spins and two bandcrossings are observed in the latter at ħω=0.33 and 0.44 MeV, respectively. The bandcrossings and configurations of these bands are discussed by TRS and CSM calculations. In a γ–γ–t measurement, the 11/2⁻ and 7/2⁻ levels were identified as two isomers with half-lives of 59.4±20 ns and 16.5±8.0 ns, respectively. Received: 17 June 1997 / Revised version: 29 September 1997     

干式变压器有限元仿真模型的电磁和振动分析

随着电力需求的逐年增长,干式变压器的数量也在不断增加。干式变压器在运行时存在着振动和噪声的问题,为了对干式变压器振动的规律与特点进行研究,本文建立了干式变压器本体振动的有限元仿真模型,通过电磁分析获得相应的磁场分布,然后利用结构动力学分析得到其本体振动的相关规律。通过对处于运行状态的变压器振动数据进行实测分析,得到变压器振动的特征频率,然后对仿真结果进行对比分析,可以发现振动幅度与频率之间存在的关系。本文的研究结果可对干式变压器的减振降噪研究提供参考。     

High Tc superconductivity in layered hydrides XH15 (X = Ca,Sr, Y,La) under high pressures

The theoretical predictions and experimental synthesis of H₃S and LaH₁₀ superconductors with record high superconducting transition temperatures (T_c) have promoted the hydrogen-based superconducors to be a research hotspot in the field of solid-state physics. Here, we predict an unprecedented layered structure CaH₁₅, with high T_c of 189 K at 200 GPa using ab initio calculations. As concerns the novel structure, one layer is made of a hydrogen nonagon, the other layer consists of a Ca atom and six H₂ molecular units surrounding the Ca atom. This layered structure was also found in SrH₁₅, YH₁₅, and LaH₁₅ at high pressures, each materials exhibit high T_c especially YH₁₅ can reach above 200 K at 220 GPa. It represents the second class of layered superhydrides with high value of T_c after pentagraphene like HfH₁₀.     

Splitting an Arbitrary Three-Qubit State via a Five-Qubit Cluster State and a Bell State

Quantum information splitting (QIS) provides an idea for transmitting the quantum state through a classical channel and a preshared quantum entanglement resource. This paper presents a new scheme for QIS based on a five-qubit cluster state and a Bell state. In this scheme, the sender transmits the unknown three-qubit secret state to two agents by the quantum channel with the Bell basis measurement three times and broadcasts the measurement results to the agents through the classical channel. The agent who restores the secret state can successfully recover the initial information to be transmitted through the appropriate unitary operation with the help of the other party. Firstly, our scheme’s process can be accurately realized by performing the applicable Bell basis measurement, single-qubit measurement, and local unitary operation instead of a multiparticle joint measurement. The splitting process of quantum information is realized through a convenient operation. Secondly, compared with some previous schemes, the efficiency of the total scheme has been improved in principle, and the qubit consumption is reduced. Finally, the security of the quantum information splitting scheme is analyzed from the perspectives of external attacks and participant attacks. It is proved that our scheme can effectively resist internal participant attacks and external eavesdropper attacks.     

Non-Rayleigh photon statistics of superbunching pseudothermal light

Superbunching pseudothermal light has important applications in studying the second-and higher-order interference of light in quantum optics.Unlike the photon statistics of thermal or pseudothermal light is well understood,the photon statistics of superbunching pseudothermal light has not been studied yet.In this paper,we will employ single-photon detectors to measure the photon statistics of superbunching pseudothermal light and calculate the degree of second-order coherence.It is found that the larger the value of the degree of second-order coherence of superbunching pseudothermal light is,the more the measured photon distribution deviates from the one of thermal or pseudothermal light in the tail part.The results are helpful to understand the physics of two-photon superbunching with classical light.It is suggested that superbunching pseudothermal light can be employed to generate non-Rayleigh temporal speckles.