Atomic force microscopy-based repeated machining theory for nanochannels on silicon oxide surfaces

The atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based repeated nanomachining of nanochannels on silicon oxide surfaces is investigated both theoretically and experimentally. The relationships of the initial nanochannel depth vs. final nanochannel depth at a normal force are systematically studied. Using the derived theory and simulation results, the final nanochannel depth can be predicted easily. Meanwhile, if a nanochannel with an expected depth needs to be machined, a right normal force can be selected simply and easily in order to decrease the wear of the AFM tip. The theoretical analysis and simulation results can be effectively used for AFM-based fabrication of nanochannels.     

基于可见光-近红外光谱的BIF磁性率确定方法研究

铁矿中磁性率是评价铁矿床工业价值和划分矿石工业类型的重要指标。传统的磁性率测定法存在工作量大、效率低、周期长的缺陷,成为经济、合理、高效开采铁矿资源的瓶颈问题。采用便携式地物光谱测试仪对辽宁省鞍钢集团鞍千矿业有限责任公司的BIF实验样品进行可见光-近红外光谱测试,分析了光谱特征,构建了比值指数(RI)、差值指数(DI)和归一化指数(NDI),并确定光谱指数与样品磁性率相关性最显著的敏感波段及对应的相关系数值;优选出与样品磁性率相关性最显著的比值指数(RI),构建实验样品磁性率的定量反演模型,并进行了验证。结果表明,三种光谱指数与样品磁性率敏感波段均位于935与1 050 nm,且该波段处的相关系数均达到0.9以上,其中比值指数与样品磁性率的相关性最高;基于比值指数构建的实验样品磁性率定量反演模型的预测误差为0.038,反演磁性率与实测磁性率的判定系数(R2)为0.964 5,预测结果比较理想。为确定BIF的磁性率提供了一种新方法,该方法具有工作强度小、经济、高效、便捷的优点,且对遥感找矿具有一定指导意义。     

Determining the gamma-ray parameters for BaO–ZnO–B2O3 glasses using MCNP5 code: a comparison study

Rapid technological advancement has multiplied people’s exposure to ionizing radiations greatly. Widespread applications of radiation in different fields (such as agriculture, radiation therapy and scientific research fields) require that humans be protected against unnecessary exposure. In this study, mass attenuation coefficient (μ_m), half-value layer, mean-free path, effective atomic number (Z_eff) and exposure buildup factor have been calculated for xBaO–20ZnO–(80???x)B₂O₃ (x?=?5, 10, 15, 20 and 25?mol%) glass systems. The mass attenuation coefficients of the selected glasses were calculated using simulation method of MCNP5 code. The simulation results have been compared with the experimental data and Xcom at the energies 223.02, 252.98, 287.28, 340.83, 398.97, 481.59, 562.68 and 662.00?keV. The agreement amounts of the mass attenuation coefficient values are from 0.2% to 2.8% and from 0.2% to 6.98% for MCNP5 and Xcom relative to experimental results, while the Monte Carlo program values are higher than that obtained by experimental data, using Xcom and MCNP5 code. The glass sample having the highest value of BaO content show high radiation shielding properties. It indicates that the MCNP5 code can be used for estimation of radiation interaction parameters where experimental results are not available.     

Nonlinear Dynamical Symmetries of Some Two-Dimensional Quantum Systems

In this paper nonlinear dynamical symmetries of three quantum systems are studied in detail, such as the Kepler-Coulomb system and the isotropic harmonic oscillator in a two-dimensional curved space, and the generalized pseudo-oscillators in the two-dimensional fiat space. Their nonlinear spectrum generating algebras are shown to be relevant to polynomial angular momentum algebras.     

CO oxidation of bare and TiO2-coated NiO-Ni(OH)2 nanoparticles

CO oxidation reactivity of bare and TiO₂-coated nanoparticles consisting of both NiO and Ni(OH)₂ surfaces was studied. For the deposition of TiO₂, atomic layer deposition was used, and formation of three-dimensional domains of TiO₂ on NiO-Ni(OH)₂ could be identified. Based on the data of X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, we suggest that upon TiO₂ deposition only Ni(OH)₂ was remained on the surface, whereas NiO surface disappeared. Both CO adsorption and CO oxidation took place on NiO-Ni(OH)₂ surfaces under our experimental conditions. CO adsorption was almost completely suppressed after TiO₂ deposition, whereas CO oxidation activity was maintained to large extent. It is proposed that bare NiO cannot be active for CO oxidation, and can only uptake CO under our experimental condition, whereas hydroxylated surface of NiO can be active for CO oxidation.     

Upshot of Chemical Species and Nonlinear Thermal Radiation on Oldroyd-B Nanofluid Flow Past a Bi-directional Stretched Surface with Heat Generation/Absorption ina Porous Media

A three-dimensional mathematical model is developed to examine the flow of nonlinear thermal radiation Oldroyd-B nanofluid past a bidirectional linearly stretched surface in a porous medium. The flow is induced by temperature dependent thermal conductivity, chemical reaction and convective heat and mass conditions. Novel characteristics of Brownian motion and thermophoresis are accompanied by magnetohydrodynamic and heat generation/absorption. Self-similar transformations are employed to convert the system of nonlinear partial differential equations to a system of ordinary differential equations with high nonlinearity and are solved by strong analytic technique named as Homotopy Analysis method (HAM). Effects of varied arising parameters on involved distributions are reflected through graphical illustrations. From this study, it is perceived that strong magnetic field hinders the fluid's motion and leads to rise in temperature that eventually lowers heat transfer rate from the surface. Further, decrease in heat transfer rate is also observed for enhanced values of thermal radiation parameter. To validate our results, a comparison with already published paper in limiting case is also given and results are found in excellent oncurrence; hence reliable results are being presented.     

同轴电缆自感系数问题的两种新解法

本文对圆柱型同轴电缆自感系数问题进行了深入的讨论．文中把同轴电缆看成是由大量的“子回路”并联构成“单匝回路”，从子回路间的磁耦合角度出发提出了两种全新的同轴电缆自感系数的求解方法。     

Investigation of luminescence properties in SiO2: Tb,Yb upconversion inverse opal

The SiO₂: Tb, Yb inverse opals with photonic band gap at 465 or 543 nm were prepared, and an effect of photonic band gap on upconversion spontaneous emission from Tb³⁺ was investigated. The results show that the photonic band gap has a significant influence on the upconversion emission of the SiO₂: Tb, Yb inverse opals. The upconversion luminescence of the Tb³⁺ ions is suppressed in the inverse opal compared with the luminescence of that of the reference sample.     

一种局部相含率测量方法

在局部电导探针和单丝电容探针的基础上,提出一种新型局部电容探针,用于测量两相流的局部相含率。静态研究表明,局部电容探针能够测量空气水两相流的局部相含率,测量结果不受导电相电导率变化的影响。从工业蒸馏水变化到饱和食盐水(NaCl的质量分数0～5%),局部电容探针输出结果没有明显变化。电极距离在0～30 mm的范围内变化,测量结果变化小于1%。动态实验表明,局部电容探针测量的两相流的局部相含率,能够很好反映流动过程(以弹状流为例),和实验观察结果完全一致。只需要设置简单的阈值大小,就可以得到相含率的大小。     

Design strategy for flat-field Schmidt optical system

The present study provides the theory base for designing flat-field Schmidt optical systems, based on the wavefront aberration of Petzval field curvature, a mathematic model of the Petzval radius is setting up. The radius of Petzval image surface is not equal to the focal length of the primary mirror or the focal length of the system. An aberration balancing method for flat-field Schmidt optical systems design is proposed: did not change parameters of the corrector, through adjusting the distance between the plate and the mirror to realize aberration equilibrium. The total physical track is more compact than equilibrium before.