激光扫描技术在靶场测试中的应用研究

为了解决光电类仪器在武器射击准确度和射击密集度的测试中遇到天空背景亮度不够,或弹丸口径小,弹道偏高而无法测试的问题,利用旋转棱镜使激光束在空中扫描,照亮弹丸表面,从而大大降低对光电传感器灵敏度的要求,使得该项测试工作不受天空背景条件的影响,并提高测试精度.     

非晶氧化钛薄膜形成过程中钛离子能量对表面结构影响的机理

研究了非晶氧化钛薄膜沉积过程中入射钛离子能量对表面结构形成机理以及薄膜特性的影响.模拟结果表明,通过提高入射钛离子能量,可以有效降低成膜表面粗糙度,从而减小薄膜表面的光学散射损耗.研究发现,当入射离子能量提高后,薄膜生长模式从"岛"状生长过渡到了"层"状生长,且离子入射点附近的平均扩散系数也有显著增加,这有利于形成更加平整的高质量薄膜表面.     

Breather molecules and localized interaction solutions in the (2+1)-dimensional BLMP equation

The (2+1)-dimensional Boiti–Leon–Manna–Pempinelli (BLMP) equation is an important integrable model. In this paper, we obtain the breather molecule, the breather-soliton molecule and some localized interaction solutions to the BLMP equation. In particular, by employing a compound method consisting of the velocity resonance, partial module resonance and degeneration of the breather techniques, we derive some interesting hybrid solutions mixed by a breather-soliton molecule/breather molecule and a lump, as well as a bell-shaped soliton and lump. Due to the lack of the long wave limit, it is the first time using the compound degeneration method to construct the hybrid solutions involving a lump. The dynamical behaviors and mathematical features of the solutions are analyzed theoretically and graphically. The method introduced can be effectively used to study the wave solutions of other nonlinear partial differential equations.     

FCC金属结构稳定性和声子谱的MAEAM研究

应用改进分析型嵌入原子方法(MAEAM)计算fcc金属的结构稳定性和声子谱.考虑更远邻原子之间的相互作用,提出新的两体势函数,并采用新的截尾处理函数和加强光滑连接条件.通过拟合单空位迁移能、结合能、三个独立弹性常数及晶体平衡条件,确定了模型参数.在体积不变条件下,计算金属不同结构的能量,说明Ag、Al、Au、Cu、Ir、Ni、Pd、Pt和Rh的fcc结构比较稳定.它们的能量-体积曲线与Rose方程结果基本-致,进-步说明了体积变化时的结构稳定性.同时发现[100]、[110]和[111]三个方向声子谱的计算结果符合实验值和其它计算结果.     

Fermionic-mode entanglement in non-Markovian environment

We evaluate the non-Markovian effects on the entanglement dynamics of a fermionic system interacting with two dissipative vacuum reservoirs. The exact solution of density matrix is derived by utilizing the Feynman–Vernon influence functional theory in the fermionic coherent state representation and the Grassmann calculus, which are valid for both the fermionic and bosonic baths, and their difference lies in the dependence of the parity of the initial states. The fermionic entanglement dynamics is presented by adding an additional restriction to the density matrix known as the superselection rules. Our analysis shows that the usual decoherence suppression schemes implemented in qubits systems can also be achieved for systems of identical fermions, and the initial state proves its importance in the evolution of fermionic entanglement. Our results provide a potential way to decoherence controlling of identical fermions.     

Site‐specific reversible immobilization and purification of His‐tagged protein on poly(2‐acetamidoacrylic acid) hydrogel beads

Ni²⁺‐complexed poly(2‐acetamidoacrylic acid) (PAAA) hydrogel beads were developed for the site‐specific reversible immobilization and purification of the histidine‐tagged green fluorescent protein (His‐tagged GFP). PAAA hydrogel beads were prepared by photopolymerization, and significantly improved mechanical properties of PAAA hydrogel beads were observed in comparison with PAAA hydrogel from our previous study. Confocal laser scanning microscopy was used to determine the binding of His‐tagged GFP to the hydrogel beads in three‐dimensional space. Photoluminescence spectroscopy revealed 89% of binding efficiency of His‐tagged GFP to the Ni²⁺‐PAAA hydrogel beads, 51% of yielding recovery. The maximum binding capacity of His‐tagged GFP was estimated to be 0.45 µg/mg of Ni²⁺‐PAAA hydrogel beads. The recombinant His‐tagged GFP from the soluble fraction of E. coli BL21(DE3) cell lysates was purified with Ni²⁺‐PAAA hydrogel beads. The major advantage of the Ni²⁺‐PAAA hydrogel beads system was simple preparation procedures of producing the matrix, because PAAA hydrogel beads had relatively enhanced mechanical strength than soft hydrogels. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Multi-responsive cyclodextrin vesicles assembled by ‘supramolecular bola-amphiphiles’

Multi-responsive cyclodextrin vesicles (CDVs) self-assembled by ‘supramolecular bola-amphiphiles’, consisting of a guest (N,N′-bis(ferrocenylmethylene)-diaminohexane, 1) and a host (γ-hydroxybutyric-β-cyclodextrin, γ-HB-β-CD), were prepared and investigated for the first time. The morphologies and sizes of these novel vesicles in water were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering. The effects of the host–guest ratio, the concentration and the solvent composition are also discussed. The host–guest interactions, complex stoichiometry and structures of 1·γ-HB-β-CD in water were investigated by cyclic voltammetry, UV and NMR spectroscopy. According to the complex stoichiometry, TEM observations and Chem3D estimation, the ‘supramolecular bola-amphiphiles’, made from 1·γ-HB-β-CD and assumed for the first time, formed the membranes of the CDVs. The CDV system was responsive to an oxidising agent, which is the first report on redox-responsive systems in this field. The CDVs are also responsive to pH and the presence of metal ions, such that they disassemble upon addition of acetic acid or Cu²⁺ ions, providing possible routes to drug delivery systems.     

Characterizing affinity epitopes between prion protein and β-amyloid using an epitope mapping immunoassay

Cellular prion protein, a membrane protein, is expressed in all mammals. Prion protein is also found in human blood as an anchorless protein, and this protein form is one of the many potential sources of misfolded prion protein replication during transmission. Many studies have suggested that β-amyloid_1–42 oligomer causes neurotoxicity associated with Alzheimer''s disease, which is mediated by the prion protein that acts as a receptor and regulates the hippocampal potentiation. The prevention of the binding of these proteins has been proposed as a possible preventative treatment for Alzheimer''s disease; therefore, a greater understanding of the binding hot-spots between the two molecules is necessary. In this study, the epitope mapping immunoassay was employed to characterize binding epitopes within the prion protein and complementary epitopes in β-amyloid. Residues 23–39 and 93–119 in the prion protein were involved in binding to β-amyloid_1–40 and _1–42, and monomers of this protein interacted with prion protein residues 93–113 and 123–166. Furthermore, β-amyloid antibodies against the C-terminus detected bound β-amyloid_1–42 at residues 23–40, 104–122 and 159–175. β-Amyloid epitopes necessary for the interaction with prion protein were not determined. In conclusion, charged clusters and hydrophobic regions of the prion protein were involved in binding to β-amyloid_1–40 and _1–42. The 3D structure appears to be necessary for β-amyloid to interact with prion protein. In the future, these binding sites may be utilized for 3D structure modeling, as well as for the pharmaceutical intervention of Alzheimer''s disease.