Stochastic interval analysis of natural frequency and mode shape of structures with uncertainties

In this paper, natural frequencies and mode shapes of structures with mixed random and interval parameters are investigated by using a hybrid stochastic and interval approach. Expressions for the mean value and variance of natural frequencies and mode shapes are derived by using perturbation method and random interval moment method. The bounds of these probabilistic characteristics are then determined by interval arithmetic. Two examples are given first to illustrate the feasibility of the presented method and the results are verified by Monte Carlo Simulations. The presented approach is also applicable to solve pure random and pure interval problems. This capability is demonstrated in the third and fourth examples through the comparisons with the peer research outcomes.     

Sub-pixel dimensional measurement with Logistic edge model

To separate substandard workpieces from products, sub-pixel edge location with Logistic edge model is proposed for dimensional measurement. In the first step, workpiece rotation is corrected with high precision image rotation to reduce the measurement error and simplify the edge model. Secondly, Logistic edge model is utilized for fitting the discrete edge data to locate the sub-pixel workpiece edge and model parameters are estimated through the objective function in terms of the difference between assumed model and real image data. Finally, an edge pixel compensation method is presented with edge pixel compensation value, which weakens the effect of edge transition zone effectively. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method is effective for dimensional measurement with the relative error less than 0.05%.     

Detection and tracking strategy for license plate detection in video

In this paper, we present a novel method to detect license plates in video sequences automatically. The framework mainly integrates the cascade detectors method and the Tracking Learning Detection (TLD) algorithm. The cascade detectors are used to detect license plates, and the TLD algorithm is adopted to track the license plate regions. The license plates in the first frame image are detected by the cascade detectors to build the original tracking list, the tracking results and the detection results in following frames will be compared, and the newly appearing license plate information will be added to the tracking list. Meanwhile, the tracking results existing in the current tracking list would be replaced by the corresponding detection results with higher degree of confidence. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our algorithm for license plate detection task on a road intersection dataset, and the experimental evaluation shows the detection performance has been greatly improved by synthetically using the detection and tracking strategy.     

Application of turbulence promoters in ceramic membrane bioreactor used for municipal wastewater reclamation

In ceramic membrane bioreactor (CMBR), the permeate flux through a multi-channel tubular membrane has been improved by using turbulence promoters with different configurations. It was confirmed that the introduction of inserts led to better flux in comparison with empty tube. Winding inserts with 10 mm pitch and 1.6 mm wire diameter showed better performances than the others did. A 30-day laboratory-scale operation for reclamation of municipal wastewater was studied using the ceramic membrane bioreactor. The flux under the same operation parameters increased from 70 to 175 l m⁻² h⁻¹. The average reduction rate of chemical oxygen demand (COD) was more than 95% for municipal wastewater. The investigation showed that the introduction of winding inserts was effective in increasing permeate flux of a CMBR system, and the effluent quality would not reduce in comparison with empty tube.     

基于注意力和强化学习的遥感图像描述方法

针对当前遥感目标检测方法只能识别出遥感目标的类别及位置,无法生成与遥感图像内容相关文本描述的问题,提出了一种基于注意力和强化学习的遥感图像描述方法.首先,采用卷积神经网络构建编码器,提取遥感图像的特征.其次,利用长短期记忆网络搭建解码器,学习图像特征与文本语义特征间的映射关系.然后,引入注意力机制,增强模型对显著性特征的关注,减少无关背景特征的干扰.最后,采用强化学习策略,根据离散且不可微的评价指标直接对模型进行优化,消除暴露偏差及优化方向不一致的缺陷.在公开遥感图像描述数据集中的实验结果表明,本方法的检测精度较高,对密集小目标、雾气积聚、背景特征与目标特征相似等复杂环境下的遥感图像具有良好的描述性能.     

Multiquantum vibrational excitation of NO scattered from Au(111): quantitative comparison of benchmark data to ab initio theories of nonadiabatic molecule-surface interactions

Surface phenomena: measurements of absolute probabilities are reported for the vibrational excitation of NO(v=0→1,2) molecules scattered from a Au(111) surface. These measurements were quantitatively compared to calculations based on ab?initio theoretical approaches to electronically nonadiabatic molecule-surface interactions. Good agreement was found between theory and experiment (see picture; T(s) =surface temperature, P=excitation probability, and E=incidence energy of translation).     

First-principles investigation of the elastic and electronic properties of the binary intermetallics in the Al–La alloy system

The structural, elastic and electronic properties of Al₂La, AlLa₃ and Al₃La binary intermetallics in the Al–La alloy system were investigated using the first-principles method. The calculated lattice constants were consistent with the experimental values. Formation enthalpy and cohesive energy showed that the studied Al₂La, AlLa₃ and Al₃La all have a higher structural stability, and the alloying ability of Al₂La and Al₃La is stronger than that of AlLa₃. The single-crystal elastic constants (C_ij) as well as polycrystalline elastic parameters (bulk modulus B, shear modulus G, Young's modulus E, Poisson's ratio υ and anisotropy value A) were calculated by the Voigt–Reuss–Hill (V–R–H) approximations, and the relationship of these elastic parameters between Al₂La, AlLa₃ and Al₃La phases were discussed in detail. The results showed that Al₂La and Al₃La which are anisotropic materials are absolutely brittle, while the isotropic AlLa₃ is slightly ductile. Finally, the electronic density of states (DOS) was also calculated to reveal the underlying mechanism of structural stability.     

Instance-based attention: where could humans look first when searching for an object instance

We present an instance-based attention model to predict where humans could look first when searching for an object instance, and we show its application in image synthesis. The proposed model learns configurational rules from vast scene images described by global scene representations. The rules are then used to predict the focus of attention for the purpose of searching for a given object instance with special scale and pose. Finally, the image synthesis results are obtained by putting the object instance into the scene at the position that attracts most attention. Promising experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model.     

图论与复杂网络

近10年来迅猛发展起来的复杂网络理论为研究复杂性与复杂系统科学提供了一个重要支撑点,它高度概括了复杂系统的重要特征,无论是在理论还是在应用方面都具有很强的生命力,而且在各个方面都得到了很大发展.重点讨论图论在复杂网络中的应用,特别是代数图论在复杂网络同步问题中的应用.首先给出一些图的最小非零与最大特征值以及同步能力的估计,并且讨论了子图与图特征向量在同步能力估计中的作用.其次以两个简单图指出同步能力与网络结构参数的关系复杂,并给出补图与加边对同步研究的意义,然后给出图运算在复杂网络同步中的作用.最后从图论与控制理论角度展望了复杂网络领域未来可能的发展方向.      

Synthesis of p‐tert‐Butyl‐calix[6] ‐biscrown‐3 via Intramolecular Ring‐closure of 1,4‐Bis (2‐(2‐chloroethoxy) ethoxy) ‐p‐tert‐butyl‐calix[6]arene

With a variation in reaction conditions, 1, 4‐bis (2‐(2‐chloroethoxy)ethoxy)‐calix[6]arene (3) and l,3,5‐tris(2‐(2‐chloroethoxy) ethoxy)‐calix [6] arene (4) or 4 and 4‐chloroethoxyethoxy‐calix[6]crown‐3 (5) were selectively synthesized from p‐tert‐butyl‐calix [6] arene and 2‐(2‐chloroethoxy)ethyltosylate. l,3–4,6‐p‐tert‐butylcalix[6]‐bis‐crown‐3 (6) with (u,u,u,d,d,d) conformation and 1,3–4,5‐p‐tert‐butylcalix[6]‐biscrown‐3 (7) with self‐anchored (u,u, u, u, u, d) conformation were synthesized through an intramolecularly ring‐closing condensation of 1, 4‐bis (2‐(2‐chloroethoxy)ethoxy)‐p‐tert‐butyl‐calix[6]arene (3) in 25% and 15% yield, respectively. Using 5 instead of 3, only 7 was obtained in 65% high yield. 6 and 7 show different complexation properties toward alkali metal and ammonium ions.