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81.
82.
In this work, the microstructural changes occurring during cooling of friction-stir welded aluminum alloy AA1100 were evaluated. To this end, friction-stir welding (FSW) was performed in a wide range of cooling rates of 20–62 K/s and the evolved microstructures were studied by using electron backscatter diffraction. Below 0.6 Tm (Tm being the melting point), the stir zone material was found to experience no significant changes during cooling. At higher FSW temperatures, however, notable changes occurred in the welded material, including grain growth, sharpening of texture, reduction of the fraction of high-angle boundaries and material softening. 相似文献
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Microelectronic mechanical (MEM) beam resonators with high quality factors are always preferred in practical applications. As one of the damping sources, thermoelastic damping (TED) caused by irreversible heat flows is usually considered as an upper limit of the overall damping effect. A new method is proposed in this work to compensate TED by taking advantage of the piezoresistive effect. Such a method is implemented by applying an electrostatic field along the beam length with a negative piezoresistive coefficient. During a resonance, the stretched part of the beam generates a higher electrical power density and thus a higher temperature, while the compressed region leads to a lower temperature. Such a temperature distribution is opposite to the temperature change caused by the thermoelastic effect. The working principle is described by a set of coupled differential equations, which are subsequently solved by the finite element method. The result indicates that the TED in the beam resonators can be completely compensated when the strength of electrical field is tuned to a critical value, namely CEF. The value of the CEF is further analyzed by a series of parametric studies on various material properties and geometric factors. 相似文献
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在与三个场相互作用的Y型四能级原子系统中,利用密度矩阵方程计算了介质对探测场的吸收,分析了自发产生相干对探测吸收的影响.结果发现:随着自发产生相干的影响,在共振中心处,探测吸收表现出不同的现象.当自发产生相干对探测吸收产生相消干涉时,随着自发产生相干的增强,在共振中心处削弱吸收,出现增益.当自发产生相干对探测吸收产生相长干涉时,随着自发产生相干的增强,在共振中心处出现吸收增强,也即出现电磁诱导吸收(electromagnetically induced absorption,简称EIA),在共振两侧的双电磁感应透明强度(electromagnetically induced transparency,简称EIT)增强,窗口变宽.同时,在能级| 3〉→| 2〉与| 4〉→| 2〉的自发衰减速率比值不变下,当能级|3〉→|2〉与|4〉→|2〉的自发衰减速率减小时,在共振中心处,吸收线宽变窄,共振两侧的透明窗口变宽. 相似文献
88.
Measurements of NO2 mixing ratios with topographic target light scattering-differential optical absorption spectroscopy system and comparisons to point monitoring technique 下载免费PDF全文
A topographic target light scattering-differential optical absorption spectroscopy(ToTaL-DOAS) system is developed for measuring average concentrations along a known optical path and studying surface-near distributions of atmospheric trace gases.The telescope of the ToTaL-DOAS system points to targets which are located at known distances from the measurement device and illuminated by sunlight.Average concentrations with high spatial resolution can be retrieved by receiving sunlight reflected from the targets.A filed measurement of NO2 concentration is performed with the ToTaL-DOAS system in Shijiazhuang in the autumn of 2011.The measurement data are compared with concentrations measured by the point monitoring technique at the same site.The results show that the ToTaL-DOAS system is sensitive to the variation of NO2 concentrations along the optical path. 相似文献
89.
In this paper Micromegas has been designed to detect neutrons. The simulation of the spatial reso-lution of Micromegas as neutron detector is carried out by GEANT4 toolkit. The neutron track reconstruction method based on the time coincidence technology is employed in the present work. The influence of the flux of incident 14 MeV neutron and high gamma background on the spatial resolution is carefully studied. Our results show that the spatial resolution of the detector is sensitive to the neutron flux, but insensitive to the intensity of γ background if the neutron track reconstruction method proposed by our group is used. The γ insensitivity makes it possible for us to use the Micromegas detector under condition which has high γ-rays background. 相似文献
90.
Six-gap resistive plate chamber (MRPC) prototypes with semiconductive glass electrodes (bulk resistivity~1010.cm) were studied for suitability in time-of-flight (TOF) applications at high rates. These studies were performed using a continuous electron beam of 800 MeV at IHEP and an X-ray machine. Time resolutions of about 100 ps and efficiencies larger than 90% were obtained for flux densities up to 28 kHz/cm2. 相似文献