Controlling synthesis of BiIn dendritic nanocrystals by solution dispersion

In this study, we report a novel and simple solution-phase route for one-dimensional metal nanocrystals. BiIn nanocrystals were prepared by directly dispersing melting BiIn alloy at an appropriate solvent. The as-obtained BiIn nanocrystals with a dendritic shape possess a good crystalline phase. The morphology of the nanocrystals can be greatly modified by changing the reaction parameters. This strong UV emission might arise from the quantum-confined In2O3 particles.     

催化干气制乙苯技术工艺进展

催化干气制乙苯是利用石化副产干气中的乙烯与苯反应生产乙苯的过程,经过20多年的发展与创新,我们相继开发了具有自主知识产权的干气制乙苯第一代至第五代技术,并在石化行业得到了广泛应用.本文从工艺角度综述了催化干气制乙苯的技术发展历程.     

FAAS法测定鸡血藤中的微量元素

为研究金属元素在鸡血藤中的含量与药用功能采用标准曲线法,用空气-乙炔火焰原子吸收光谱法测定了鸡血藤中多种微量元素的含量。结果表明,方法的加标回收率在97．50％～99．60％范围内,RSD（n=6）在0．36％～0．57％之间。测定方法简单易行,方便快捷。     

钇,铈对低铪镍基K444返回合金组织与力学性能的影响

研究了Y,Ce对含铪(Hf)镍基铸造高温合金K444返回料(添加50%返回料)合金的力学性能和组织的影响.研究结果表明:适量Y,Ce(Y<0.03%,Ce<0.015%(质量分数))添加到返回料合金后,一方面,Y,Ce具有去除N,O等有害杂质的作用,使O含量由15×10~(-6)降低到8×10~(-6),N含量由35×10~(-6)降低到18×10~(-6),从而使返回料合金得到净化.另一方面,Y,Ce细化了枝晶组织,减少了共晶和大块状碳化物数量,并且强化了晶界.和未加Y,Ce的返回料合金相比.添加Y,Ce使返回料合金室温拉伸强度提高约100 MPa,塑性提高近一倍;使900℃的高温瞬时拉伸性能波动较为平稳,塑性提高近一倍.添加Y,Ce还可以提高返回合金900℃/274 MPa条件下的持久性能,达到新料水平;可以明显延长K444返回合金900℃/274 MPa条件下的蠕变第二阶段,提高蠕变寿命.     

高分辨气相色谱/质谱法分析新闻纸和复印纸中的二恶英

随机选择空白的和经过印刷的新闻纸和复印纸,粉碎后用溶剂提取并经多步色谱柱纯化,采用同位素稀释、高分辨气相色谱/高分辨质谱(HRGC/HRMS)联用技术分析了其中的二含量。结果表明:新闻纸中二的总量高于复印纸,但是毒性当量却低于复印纸;经过印刷的新闻纸和复印纸中二的含量均高于空白的新闻纸和复印纸;新闻纸和复印纸中相同二异构体的含量 是不同的。空白的和经过印刷的新闻纸中二毒性当量分别为0.48 ng/kg和0.61 ng/kg,而空白的和经过印刷的复印纸中二恶英毒性当量分别为0.74 ng/kg和0.79     

A facial approach to fabricate superhydrophobic aluminum surface

A facial chemical etching method was developed for fabricating superhydrophobic aluminum surfaces. The resultant surfaces were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, water contact angle (WCA) measurement, and optical methods. The surfaces of the modified aluminum substrates exhibit superhydrophobicity, with a WCA of 154.8° ± 1.6° and a water sliding angle of about 5°. The etched surfaces have binary structure consisting of the irregular microscale plateaus and caves in which there are the nanoscale block‐like convexes and hollows. The superhydrophobicity of aluminum substrates occurs only in some structures in which the plateaus and caves are appropriately ordered. The resulted surfaces have good self‐cleaning properties. The results demonstrate that it is possible to construct superhydrophobic surface on hydrophilic substrates by tailoring the surface structure to providing more spaces to trap air. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

PS/TiO2复合纳米微球的制备和结构表征

无机纳米微粒具有特殊的物理化学性能 ,近年来在摩擦学领域中受到越来越多的重视 .由于无机纳米微粒难以分散于润滑基础油中 ,故其作为润滑材料主要用作聚合物填料和润滑脂添加剂 .为了改善其在基础油中的分散性 ,需要对无机纳米微粒进行表面改性 ,制备成有机无机复合纳米微粒 ,从而使它们能够用作润滑油添加剂 .目前有机小分子表面修饰无机纳米微粒的摩擦学性能已有报导 [1－ 3],但是聚合物修饰无机纳米微粒的研究较少 ,并且大多是采用高分子（如 PVK,PVA等）直接包埋的方法 ,用这种方法制得的微粒 ,粒径差别较大,性能不太稳定 .　　本…     

Construction of dsDNA biosensor based on dendritic SiO2 nanoparticle and investigation on its interaction with benzo[a]pyrene

In this work, a new dsDNA biosensor was constructed to monitor the interaction of DNA and benzo[a]pyrene (BaP). Firstly, dendritic SiO₂ nanoparticles were synthesized by silanization of SiO₂ nanoparticles with (??-(methacryloyloxy)propyl) trimethoxysilane and polymerization with acrylic acid. Then, due to the rich carboxyl groups of these nanoparticles, they were associated with the amino groups of a self-assembly membrane formed on the gold electrode by a sulfur-containing compound, 5-amino-3-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole. Finally, dsDNA was immobilized on the electrode surface by static adsorption with the aid of metallic ion. The whole immobilization steps were characterized by cyclic voltammogram and electrochemical impedance spectrum. After that, using methylene blue as a probe, the interaction of BaP with dsDNA was investigated. A linear relationship between the percentages of current decrease with the logarithm of BaP concentrations was found in the range from 0.33 to 133???M.     

Evaluation of approximations for concentration-dependent micropore diffusion in sorbent with bidisperse pore structure

Average diffusivity linear driving force (AD-LDF) and concentration-dependent diffusivity linear driving force (CDD-LDF) approximations are introduced to simplify the precise model describing the concentration-dependent micropore diffusion in bidisperse sorbents, and are compared with the precise model in predicting the dynamics of a sorption process under two different perturbations (i.e., step change perturbations and sinusoidal wave perturbation) with different concentrations imposed at the exterior surface of the bidisperse sorbent. The performance of the two approximations is validated by the precise model and experiments. The AD-LDF performs better in step adsorption and CDD-LDF does better in step desorption. Under sinusoidal wave perturbation, the CDD-LDF performs better. The different levels of consistency of the two approximations with the precise model are attributed to the different definitions of the diffusivities.     

A DFT study of DMC formation on Rh‐doped Cu/AC surfaces

The activity and selectivity of heterogeneous catalysts can be significantly improved by dispersion of another active component in the metal substrate. The impact of Rh promoter on the formation of dimethyl carbonate (DMC) via oxidative carbonylation of methanol on Cu–Rh/AC (activated carbon) catalyst was investigated by density functional theory calculations. The most stable configurations of reacting species (CO, OH, CH₃O, monomethyl carbonate, and DMC) adsorbed on the Cu⁰(zero‐valent copper)/AC and Cu–Rh/AC surfaces were determined on the basis of the calculated results. The reaction energy and activation energy of the rate‐limiting steps on the Cu–Rh/AC and Cu⁰/AC surfaces were compared. The activation energies of the rate‐limiting step of CO insertion into dimethoxide are 206.3 and 304.8 kJ mol^?1 on the Cu–Rh/AC and Cu⁰/AC surfaces, respectively. The activation energies of the rate‐limiting step of CO insertion into methoxide are 78.5 and 92.7 kJ/mol on the Cu–Rh/AC and Cu⁰/AC surfaces, respectively. The calculated results indicate that the addition of Rh atom has a significant effect on decreasing the active energy the main pathway for DMC formation. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.