Tunable supercurrent through a double Aharonov–Bohm interferometer

The supercurrent through a double Aharonov–Bohm interferometer formed by parallel-coupled four quantum dots is investigated theoretically. The possibility of controlling the supercurrent of the system is explored by tuning the interdot coupling, dot energy levels, and magnetic flux treading the ring connecting dots and leads. Whether the supercurrent sign can be changed depends not only on the magnetic flux but also on the quantum dot energy levels. By tuning the quantum dot energy levels, the behavior of the supercurrent shows swap effects, which might be used to design a qubit. It is also found that the oscillation period of the supercurrent with respect to the magnetic flux depends on the ratio of the two parts fluxes.     

水下高光谱衰减测量的不确定度分析

研究了水下高光谱衰减测量仪(ACS)的不确定度。通过不同粒径的标准颗粒(2,5,10,20μm)的米氏散射理论计算值与紫外-可见分光光度计(PE35)的实测值对比,得出:PE35的衰减测量误差最大不超过8%。针对我国高浑浊水体环境,利用ACS与PE35对我国东海浑浊海水样品进行衰减同步测量,结果表明:ACS在浑浊水体下的测量结果被低估,其不确定度与波长呈负相关;水体的浊度对ACS衰减测量的不确定度影响较大,且呈正相关,在低浊度水体下ACS(10 cm)的测量值被低估17.2%~19.04%,ACS(25 cm)的测量值被低估7.84%~15.36%,在高浊度水体下ACS(10 cm)的低估则增至26.4%~28.24%。     

全息波导显示系统中输出光栅的优化

全息波导显示系统中输出光栅的衍射效率、位置和长度对整个显示系统的光强输出均匀性及能量利用率有重要的影响.通常输出光强均匀性由输出光栅的衍射效率决定,能量利用率受多重光栅的位置和长度影响.本文以中心视场光束的输出光强均匀为目的,对相应输出光栅衍射效率的位置分布进行优化与曲线拟合,得到输出光栅衍射效率随输出位置连续递增的分布曲线,并应用到所有视场光束.计算结果表明,相比于传统阶梯状衍射效率分布输出光栅,全息波导显示系统中采用具有连续衍射效率分布输出光栅时的光强输出均匀性得到明显提升.针对部分衍射光束未能进入出瞳的现象,提出错位优化法,按照出瞳大小和使用距离优化各重输出光栅的位置和尺寸,减小了光栅的无效衍射区域,提高了出瞳范围内的能量利用率.     

Electron-phonon scattering in an asymmetric double barrier resonant tunneling structure

We calculate the electron-phonon scattering rate for an asymmetric double barrier resonant tunneling structure based on dielectric continuum theory, including all phonon modes, and show that interface phonons contribute much more to the scattering rate than do bulk-like LO phonons for incident energies which are approximately within an order of magnitude of the Fermi energy. The maximum scattering rate occurs for incident electron energies near the quantum well resonance. Subband nonparabolicity has a significant influence on electron-phonon scattering in these structures. We show that the relaxation time is comparable to the dwell time of electrons in the quantum well for a typical resonant tunneling structure. Received: 23 December 1997 / Revised: 24 March 1998 / Accepted: 9 March 1998     

伊犁河、额尔齐斯河两水域中东方欧鳊的几个生化指标的比较研究

东方欧鳊(Abramis brama orientalis Berg)源于苏联咸海,我区伊犁河和额尔齐斯河均有分布,由于地理隔离的结果,两水系的东方真鳊已在形态学上出现了某些差异,为进一步探明二者间的亲缘关系,我们进行了鱼肉蛋白质含量、鱼肉氨基酸组成,LDH同工酶、血清蛋白等生化指标的比较研究,结果表明除了氨基酸组成及含量基本未发生变化外,其余三项指标均有显著不同,即说明两水系的东方欧鳊已出现种群间差异,至于是否已分化成两个不同的亚种,尚待进一步研究.     

Ti/TiO_2包覆ZnO:Tb纳米纤维的光学性质

用电纺丝方法制备了ZnO:Tb纳米纤维.用X-射线衍射、Raman光谱对其形貌做了表征.结果显示,ZnO:Tb纳米纤维为六方纤锌矿结构,Tb掺杂对ZnO的结晶性有影响.利用表面等离激元,通过对纳米纤维表面包覆金属Ti和TiO_2,比较了其光致发光谱,得到在325 nm激发下ZnO:Tb纳米纤维中稀土发光效率低的原因是ZnO和Tb之间不能进行有效的能量传递;包覆TiO_2后能提高稀土发光效率.     

Multi-focus image fusion based on robust principal component analysis and pulse-coupled neural network

Multi-focus image fusion combines multiple source images with different focus points into one image, so that the resulting image appears all in-focus. In order to improve the accuracy of focused region detection and fusion quality, a novel multi-focus image fusion scheme based on robust principal component analysis (RPCA) and pulse-coupled neural network (PCNN) is proposed. In this method, registered source images are decomposed into principal component matrices and sparse matrices with RPCA decomposition. The local sparse features computed from the sparse matrix construct a composite feature space to represent the important information from the source images, which become inputs to PCNN to motivate the PCNN neurons. The focused regions of the source images are detected by the firing maps of PCNN and are integrated to construct the final, fused image. Experimental results demonstrate that the superiority of the proposed scheme over existing methods and highlight the expediency and suitability of the proposed method.     

基于Voronoi图和动态自适应蚁群算法的UAV航迹规划

以UAV航迹规划为应用背景,提出了一种基于Voronoi图和动态自适应蚁群算法的航迹规划方法;为了提高航迹规划问题最优解的质量及全局求解能力,克服传统蚁群算法收敛速度慢、容易陷入局部最优等缺点,提出了一种动态自适应蚁群算法;采用动态自适应航迹点选择策略并将信息素更新规则和挥发系数进行动态自适应调整变化来对蚁群算法进行了改进,提高了算法的求解效率;根据战场已知威胁源生成Voronoi加权图,并与所提的动态自适应蚁群算法相结合求解规划空间中的最优航迹;考虑到UAV的物理约束限制,对生成的可行航迹进行平滑优化;仿真结果表明,该方法能够为UAV规划出一条满足要求的可飞航迹,验证了所提方法在解决航迹规划问题时是可行、有效的;     

Laser-induced acoustic wave generation/propagation/interaction in water in various internal channels

Short pulsed laser-induced single acoustic wave generation, propagation, interaction within a water-filled internal channel are experimentally and numerically studied. A large-area, short-duration, single-plane acoustic wave was generated by the thermoelastic interaction of a homogenized nanosecond pulsed laser beam with a liquid–solid interface and propagated at the speed of sound in water. Laser flash Schlieren photography was used to visualize the transient interaction of the plane acoustic wave in various internal channel structures ((a) sudden expansion and contraction channels, (b) bifurcating channels, (c) gradual contraction wall channels and (d) a cylinder). Fairly good agreement between the experimental results and numerical simulation is observed.