交叉分段差分进化支持向量回归的气体超声 流量计测量方法

为了进一步提高全量程气体超声流量计的测量精度,基于多通道声波到时和实时温度,提出了一种交叉分段差分进化(Differential Evolution)支持向量回归(Support Vector Regression)DE-SVR模型。考虑到气体在不同流量条件下的流体状态不同,提出了交叉分段处理的方法,采用DE算法优化选取SVR参数。实验结果表明,对于16~1600m3/h全量程,交叉分段DE-SVR和传统积分方法计算气体流量的平均相对误差分别为0.00447和0.02781,前者较后者降低了83.93%;对于16~160m3/h小流量,交叉分段DE-SVR和无分段DE-SVR算法计算结果平均相对误差分别为0.00436和0.03214,前者较后者降低了86.43%。该方法有效避免了声道长度、探头角度以及管道直径等参数不确定性对流量计算的影响,为全量程气体流量的高精度测量提供了保障。     

Sending-or-Not-Sending Twin-Field Quantum Key Distribution with a Passive Decoy-State Method

Twin-field quantum key distribution (TF-QKD) has attracted considerable attention because it can exceed the basic rate-distance limit without quantum repeaters. Its variant protocol, sending or not-sending quantum key distribution (SNS-QKD), not only fixes the security vulnerability of TF-QKD, but also can tolerate large misalignment errors. However, the current SNS-QKD protocol is based on the active decoy-state method, which may lead to side channel information leakage when multiple light intensities are modulated in practice. In this work, we propose a passive decoy-state SNS-QKD protocol to further enhance the security of SNS-QKD. Numerical simulation results show that the protocol not only improves the security in source, but also retains the advantages of tolerating large misalignment errors. Therefore, it may provide further guidance for the practical application of SNS-QKD.     

卷积型加权残值法求解薄壳的动力学问题

板壳等弹性体,受到动荷载作用时,其动力分析问题是比较重要且难于解决的．利用卷积型加权残值法,推导出Gurtin变分原理,并应用卷积型加权残值法计算了薄壳的动力学问题,为计算薄壳的结构动力学问题提供了一种有效的方法．     

冷蒿挥发油化学成分的分离和鉴定

采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取了冷蒿挥发油,气相色谱-质谱联用结合计算机检索对其化学成分进行了分析和鉴定,共分离出106个峰,确定了101种化合物,它们主要是二甲基-甲撑基环庚(17.67%)、3,3,6-三甲基-1,5-庚二烯醇-2(16.40%)、3,3,6-三甲基-1,4-庚二烯醇-6(8.55%)、桉树脑(5.57%)、3,7-二甲-基2,6-辛二烯醇-1(3.85%)、神圣亚麻三烯(3.73%)、1-甲基-3-异丙基苯(3.26%)、桥环[2,2,1]萜烯(2.91%)、樟脑(2.26%)、香叶烯(2.20%),以上10种化合物占挥发油总量的66.40%。     

磁致冷材料钆硅锗系合金中Si和Gd的重量法联测的研究

参考了HClO4脱水重量法测定Si及草酸盐重量法测定Gd的方法,建立了钆硅锗系合金中主成分Si和Gd联合测定的方法,并详细考查了共存元素及杂质元素对测定的影响。合金共存元素Ge在HCl的存在下,绝大部分可以GeCl4的形式被蒸发,达到与被测元素分离的目的。熔样过程引入的杂质元素Ni可与被测元素Gd,用氨水沉淀分离,残留Ni不足以影响Gd的测定。方法回收率在98.5%以上,Si和Gd的测量相对标准偏差分别在2.6%~3.0%和0.4%~0.5%。     

紫花冷蒿挥发油成分的研究

采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取,运用气相色谱-质谱联用法对香叶蒿挥发油化学成分进行了分析,用气相色谱面积归一化法测定了各成分的质量分数。结果鉴定出72个化合物,主要成分为樟脑(33.136%),桉树脑(23.419%),6-甲基-2-乙烯基-1,3-庚二烯醛(8.414%),孟烯醇(3.819%),桥环萜烯酮(3.276%),莰烯(2.454%),1R-α-蒎烯(1.917%),去甲基丁香酚(1.550%),α-松油醇(1.449%),冰片(1.674%),β-香叶烯(1.165%),百里香酚(0.329%)等。研究表明紫花冷蒿挥发油主要为单萜及其氧化衍生物。其挥发油成分的研究为挖掘其药用及食品香料工业的应用价值提供了科学依据。     

O-(1,3-二芳硒基)异丙基-O-2-(N3-替加氟)乙基硫代磷酯的合成及其抗癌活性

六乙基亚磷酰三胺依次与羟乙基替加氟、1-芳硒基甘油及硫反应,得到环甘油硫代磷脂替加氟缀合物(2a～2e);通过苯硒化钾对2进行亲核开环,得到O-(1,3-二芳硒基)异丙基-O-2-(N-替加氟)乙基硫代磷酯(3a～3e),其结构经1H NMR,31P NMR,MS及元素分析确证.3对膀胱癌细胞PGA1有一定的抑制作用.     

Metabonomics Study of the Hematopoietic Effect of Medicinal Wine Maoji Jiu on a Blood Deficiency Rat Model by Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry and a Pattern Recognition Approach

Maoji Jiu (MJ) is a kind of medicinal wine that has been widely used by Chinese people for many years to nourish and promote blood circulation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the hematopoietic effect of MJ on the metabolism of blood deficient rats and to explore the underlying hematopoietic regulation mechanisms. Blood deficiency model rats were induced by subcutaneous injection of N-acetylphenylhydrazine (APH) and intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide (CTX). The plasma metabolic fingerprints of blood deficiency model rats with and without MJ treatment were obtained by using metabonomics based on ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC–QTOF/MS). Orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS–DA) was used to evaluate the hematopoietic effect of MJ and identify potential biomarkers in the plasma of blood deficiency model rats. The levels of white blood cells (WBC), red blood cells (RBC) and hemoglobin (HGB) and the activity of antioxidant capacity showed a recovery trend to the control group after MJ treatment, while the dose of 10 mL/kg showed the best effect. In this study, thirteen potential biomarkers were identified, which were mainly related to seven metabolic pathways, including linoleic acid metabolism, d-glutamine and d-glutamate metabolism, alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, pyrimidine metabolism, porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism and arginine biosynthesis. Metabolomics was applied frequently to reflect the physiological and metabolic state of organisms comprehensively, indicating that the rapid plasma metabonomics may be a potentially powerful tool to reveal the efficacy and enriching blood mechanism of MJ.     

基于独立组分分析和BP神经网络的可见/近红外光谱蜂蜜品牌的鉴别

提出了一种基于独立组分分析的可见/近红外光谱透射技术快速鉴别蜂蜜品牌的新方法。用独立组分分析方法获取蜂蜜的可见/近红外光谱载荷图,将载荷图中相关性最大的波段,作为人工神经网络的输入建立蜂蜜品牌的鉴别模型。建立了一个三层的BP神经网络模型,各层传递函数采用S型(Sigmoid)函数,并设置网络输入层节点数为9,隐含层节点数为10,输出层节点数为3。每个品牌25个样本,3个品牌共75个样本,用来建立BP神经网络模型,剩余的3个品牌各５个样本用于预测,鉴别准确率达100%,模型的拟合残差为8.245 365×10-5。说明基于独立组分分析的方法具有很好的鉴别效果,为蜂蜜的品牌鉴别提供了一种新方法。     

电场的增强作用对介质膜光栅损伤形貌的影响

研究了电场在介质膜光栅结构中的增强效应对其抗激光损伤阈值的影响.使用傅里叶模式方法计算了电场在介质膜光栅浮雕结构内的分布.数值分析表明：电场在介质膜光栅中增强的最大值为入射光的2倍,其最大的位置出现在相对于入射光对面的光栅槽侧壁。实验测试介质膜光栅样品在1 064 nm和12 ns, 51.2°和TE偏振光入射时,其抗激光损伤阈值为6.61 J/cm2.对损伤形貌进行扫描电镜精确分析,发现介质膜光栅的初始损伤产生于电场在介质膜光栅内增强最大的位置处.