基于浓度参量同步荧光光谱的相近油源溢油鉴别

将浓度作为辅助参量引入到同步荧光光谱中,获取溢油样品在10-4~10 g.L-1浓度范围内的浓度同步三维荧光光谱,应用主成分分析法对胜利油田的5个原油样品及93#及90#汽油样品及0#柴油进行模式识别。结果表明,浓度参量的引入可全面的反映溢油样品多环芳烃的组成信息,比较溢油样品溶液稀释到线性范围内所获取的同步荧光光谱,该方法提高了应用主成分分析法对溢油样品的识别率,在很好的区分不同类型的溢油样品的基础上,实现了正确判别相近油源的溢油种类,同时解决了样品配置过程中浓度误差对分类识别的影响难题。     

基于暗像元的Hyperion高光谱影像大气校正

大气是影响遥感定量分析与应用的重要因素。该文利用暗像元大气校正算法,在IDL平台下,从Hyperion传感器的可见光-近红外波段逐通道提取大气光学厚度信息,并利用该数据实现对Hyperion数据大气校正的目的。研究结果表明,大气光学厚度随着通道中心波长的增加而减小,即与中心波长成负相关。光学厚度与中心波长的最佳经验模型为线性模型,模型的回归系数为0.912 3。通过分析校正前后的水体光谱曲线可知,大气的衰减作用使得卫星遥感信号不能正确表现自然水体的表观光学特性和内在光学特性,且对水体样本层次变化不敏感。在蓝绿波段,大气对光谱数据的污染最为严重,该波段的光谱特征与自然水体的理论光学特性完全相背离。由大气光学厚度光谱特性和自然水体光学特性可知,经过暗像元算法校正过的影像数据的质量得到显著改善。在缺少同步大气垂直剖面参数的情况下,暗像元算法将是Hyperion数据一种行之有效的大气效应消除方法。     

近红外光谱快速检测丙氨酸氨基转移酶

在探讨近红外光谱快速检测丙氨酸氨基转移酶的可行性过程中,首先对不同厚度(0.5,1,2和4mm)血液样品的近红外透射光谱进行了分析。发现全血样品0.5 mm厚时的近红外透射光谱更适合于进行光谱分析。进而采集了176个全血样品0.5 mm厚时的近红外光谱。对采集的光谱进行多元散射校正、二阶微分法光谱预处理后,采用逐步多元线性回归和偏最小二乘回归方法建立定量分析模型,预测了全血丙氨酸氨基转移酶的含量。结果表明:利用近红外光谱法测定丙氨酸氨基转移酶时,采用偏最小二乘回归方法建立的定标模型预测效果最好,定标相关系数、定标标准差和预测标准差的值分别为:0.98,2.42和7.22。     

枪晶石变温拉曼光谱及其固液相微结构研究

枪晶石在传统冶金连铸保护渣中起着十分重要的作用。采用紫外激光光源和电荷耦合器件(CCD)探测器,测定了枪晶石晶体和高温拉曼光谱(温度范围:298~1 723 K),观察了其在变温状态(升温和降温过程)下的特征谱变化。谱图结果显示,枪晶石熔态微结构单元与固态的相比更为多元化,表明熔体状态下多种团簇结构共存。同时,利用枪晶石晶胞结构模型,通过Dmol3密度泛函(DFT)理论计算了其分子振动频率,将其与实验值相结合,确定了特征谱峰的归属,为进一步采用拉曼光谱法原位研究保护渣中枪晶石的结构变化与行为特征提供了重要依据。     

Normal mode wave-number estimation using horizontal synthetic aperture array

A moving synthetic aperture processing with high resolution spectral analysis method was provided to estimate the mode wave-number of acoustics in shallow water waveg- uide, and to overcome the problem of short aperture. First, large aperture synthetic array is created by a moving of short horizontal array, then a MUSIC processing is applied to the estimation of normal mode wave-number. The simulated and sea trial results indicate that the problem of short aperture can be resolved by using of synthetic aperture processing, and the accuracy of estimation in normal mode wave-number could be improved by varying the array depth when it is being towed away from the source.     

约瑟夫森结(阵列)与谐振器的耦合效应研究

利用一种新的电路模型系统研究了约瑟夫森结(阵列)与谐振器的耦合效应.以结的电压自锁定台阶幅度ΔI为目标值,得到了谐振电路的电阻R、谐振频率fr对耦合的影响规律,并给出了合理解释;以结阵列的相位互锁定强度IL为目标,研究了IL对锁定电压VL的依赖关系,同时,通过相关计算将其与通常电路模型下得到的结果进行了比较.     

原子吸收光谱法测定粉煤灰中氧化镁

采用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定粉煤灰中氧化镁的含量。用氢氟酸-高氯酸混合酸分解样品,以氯化锶消除其他元素的干扰。本方法操作简便、再现性好、灵敏度高,氧化镁浓度在0.10—2.00μg/mL之间线性关系良好,检出限可达0.02%,适用于粉煤灰中氧化镁的测定。     

Differentiating keloids from normal and hypertrophic scar based on multiophoton microscopy

We use a novel nonlinear optical technique, multiphoton microscopy, to differentiate keloids from hypertrophic and normal scars through the morphological and quantitative analysis of collagen and elastin in superficial dermis of scar tissues and boundary between normal skin and scar tissue.     

Synthesis and crystal structure of a new one-dimensional system with end-to-end single dicyanamide bridges between nickel(II) centres

The complex [Ni(tn)₂{N(CN)₂}]ClO₄ (tn=trimethylenediamine) has been synthesized and the structure has been determined. The complex forms a one-dimensional chain structure via the bidentate bridging ligand dicyanamide. A two-dimensional networks is formed via interchain hydrogen bond interactions.     

Effects of retrograde-zoning of garnet on Sm-Nd isotopic dating of eclogite and oxygen isotopic disequilibrium between eclogitic minerals

The compositional zoning of the garnet in a strongly deformed eclogite from Raobazhai foliated peridotite has been recognized. The CaO concentrations of the garnet are decreased from the core to the rim, while its MnO concentrations are increased, suggesting the retrograde origin of such CaO—MnO zoning. The tie line of garnet + omphacite from this eclogite gives a Sm-Nd age of (187 ± 5) Ma, which is less significant than the Sm-Nd ages of (221±5)—(228 ± 3) Ma and (210 ± 6)—(214 ± 6) Ma for ultrahigh-pressure eclogites in the southern Dabie zone and in the northern Dabie zone, respectively. This younger Sm-Nd age could result from the¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴ Nd ratio decrease of the retrograde zone in the garnet. The δ¹⁸O values of the garnet and omphacite show that their fractionation values are less than the equilibrium fractionation value between the garnet and omphacite at 500—900°C, which suggests an oxygen isotopic disequilibrium between them.