全文获取类型
收费全文 | 17894篇 |
免费 | 3132篇 |
国内免费 | 2391篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 12792篇 |
晶体学 | 203篇 |
力学 | 1281篇 |
综合类 | 159篇 |
数学 | 1824篇 |
物理学 | 7158篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 62篇 |
2023年 | 377篇 |
2022年 | 637篇 |
2021年 | 668篇 |
2020年 | 747篇 |
2019年 | 655篇 |
2018年 | 584篇 |
2017年 | 517篇 |
2016年 | 818篇 |
2015年 | 818篇 |
2014年 | 1005篇 |
2013年 | 1215篇 |
2012年 | 1610篇 |
2011年 | 1645篇 |
2010年 | 1095篇 |
2009年 | 1024篇 |
2008年 | 1185篇 |
2007年 | 1025篇 |
2006年 | 1054篇 |
2005年 | 868篇 |
2004年 | 684篇 |
2003年 | 570篇 |
2002年 | 566篇 |
2001年 | 469篇 |
2000年 | 391篇 |
1999年 | 451篇 |
1998年 | 316篇 |
1997年 | 294篇 |
1996年 | 338篇 |
1995年 | 286篇 |
1994年 | 271篇 |
1993年 | 201篇 |
1992年 | 190篇 |
1991年 | 155篇 |
1990年 | 133篇 |
1989年 | 112篇 |
1988年 | 107篇 |
1987年 | 66篇 |
1986年 | 60篇 |
1985年 | 43篇 |
1984年 | 31篇 |
1983年 | 26篇 |
1982年 | 13篇 |
1981年 | 18篇 |
1980年 | 7篇 |
1979年 | 2篇 |
1966年 | 1篇 |
1957年 | 5篇 |
1936年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
151.
A protocol for complete and nondestructive atomic Bell‐state analysis by using inverse engineering is presented. The setups for the Bell‐state analysis contain four atoms trapped in four separated cavities, respectively. The laser pulses designed by inverse engineering help in the manipulation of the transitions of atoms in a robust manner. By using the protocol, the information for distinguishing four Bell states of two information‐carrying atoms is encoded on two auxiliary atoms. Therefore, the four Bell states can be distinguished without being destroyed by detecting the states of the two auxiliary atoms. Moreover, as shown by the numerical simulations, the protocol has high successful probabilities to distinguish four Bell states when decoherence is considered. Thus, the protocol may provide some helpful perspectives for the quantum information tasks based on Bell states. 相似文献
152.
153.
An upgraded external beam PIXE setup for multielemental analysis of atmospheric aerosol samples 下载免费PDF全文
The external beam particle‐induced X‐ray emission (PIXE) setup has been upgraded by introducing a new silicon drift detector with the aim of obtaining better minimum detection limits (MDLs) at the 2 × 1.7 MV Tandetron accelerator of the Beijing Normal University in China. The upgraded external beam PIXE setup is equipped with two silicon drift detectors for PIXE analysis of low and high Z elements. A surface barrier detector for Rutherford backscattering spectrometry monitors beam and helium flow. Two kinds of aerosol filter samples (quartz fiber filters and Teflon filters) were studied. A 200‐μm thick Mylar absorber in front of the medium‐high energy X‐rays detector was adopted, and it got the best MDLs for atmospheric aerosol samples analysis. Multielemental analysis of quartz fiber filter aerosol samples was achieved. For more accurate and better MDLs of low Z elements in PIXE analysis, it is necessary to keep sufficient helium flow behind the thin samples. 相似文献
154.
155.
Chengyun Cui Zuoxing Guo Yuhua Liu Qiongqiong Xie Zheng Wang Jiandong Hu Yuan Yao 《Optics & Laser Technology》2007,39(8):1544-1550
Co-based alloy coating was deposited on tool steel by powder feeding laser cladding. Sections of such coatings were examined to reveal their microstructures and phases using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffractometer (XRD). The results showed that the prime phase (γ-Co dendrite) and other phases, including Cr23C6, Co7W6, and CrNi existed in the coatings. Some different solidification morphologies, such as planar (at the interface), cellular and dendrite formed, varying from the interface to the surface. Fine microstructures of γ-Co dendrite and lamellar eutectic in dendritical regions strengthened the coatings. Besides, the effects of aged treatment on the microstructure and microhardness of the surface coating were studied. Aged treatment led to the precipitations of some carbide particles (Cr7C3 and Co3C) and boride particles (Co4B) from the cladded coating, causing an increase in microhardness in the laser-cladded coating. 相似文献
156.
A time discretization method is called strongly stable(or monotone),if the norm of its numerical solution is nonincreasing.Although this property is desirable i... 相似文献
157.
Fuxue WangHai Lu Xiangqian XiuDunjun Chen Ping HanRong Zhang Youdou Zheng 《Applied Surface Science》2011,257(9):3948-3951
The effect of oxygen plasma treatment on the performance of GaN Schottky barrier diodes is studied. The GaN surface is intentionally exposed to oxygen plasma generated in an inductively coupled plasma etching system before Schottky metal deposition. The reverse leakage current of the treated diodes is suppressed in low bias range with enhanced diode ideality factor and series resistance. However, in high bias range the treated diodes exhibit higher reverse leakage current and corresponding lower breakdown voltage. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis reveals the growth of a thin GaOx layer on GaN surface during oxygen plasma treatment. Under sub-bandgap light illumination, the plasma-treated diodes show larger photovoltaic response compared with that of untreated diodes, suggesting that additional defect states at GaN surface are induced by the oxygen plasma treatment. 相似文献
158.
We analyze the origin of the fake modes introduced by the plane wave expansion method with three-dimension (3D) supercell approximation. Through the detailed analysis of the energy distribution of fake modes and real modes, we propose the plane wave expansion-three planar-slab waveguides method to remove the fake modes and obtain the fake mode free band structure of a two-dimensional air hole photonic crystal slab. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that such a fake mode free photonic crystal band structure is presented. Our method is also definitely useful in designing other 3D devices. 相似文献
159.
160.
H. S. Tan M. K. Han P. Y. Hu J. H. Zheng S. C. Ng H. Gong 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》1994,59(3):245-251
An electron trap having an energy level of 0.14 eV from the conduction band edge was found in the bulk of copper-diffused VPE-grown n-GaAs0.6P0.4 by conventional DLTS measurements and by pulse-duration dependent capacitance amplitude measurements. The capture cross section at room temperature is about 1.0×10–21 cm2 and has a weak temperature dependence. These properties are attributed to a non-repulsive center having a capturing mechanism which involves multiphonon emission processes with hardly any lattice relaxation. Evolution of the spatial distributions of the traps with time under junction electric field were studied. The results suggest that the trap is positively charged and has a high diffusivity under electric field. The center can thus be identified as positively charged interstitial copper ion rather than some form of copper complexes. 相似文献