CO_2激光光栅式扫描修复熔石英表面缺陷的实验研究与数值模拟

基于熔石英材料对波长为10.6μm的CO2激光具有强吸收作用这一特点,提出采用CO2激光光栅式多次扫描修复熔石英光学元件表面密集分布的划痕和抛光点等缺陷的方法.实验结果表明,在合理的扫描参数下,元件表面的划痕和抛光点等缺陷可被充分地消除.损伤阈值测试结果表明,表面划痕和抛光点等缺陷被完全消除的元件的损伤阈值可回复到或超过基底的损伤阈值.同时结合有限元软件Ansys的模拟结果分析了CO2激光扫描修复及消除元件表面划痕和抛光点等缺陷的过程.本文为消除元件表面划痕和抛光点等缺陷提供了非常有意义的参考.     

光电成像探测中目标方位测量方法

为了在光电成像探测目标的同时给出目标相对探测器的方位信息,探讨了一种基于单目视觉的运动目标方位测量方法。根据投射成像原理,推算出二维目标像点坐标与目标的空间三维位置之间的映射关系,建立了单目视觉测量目标方位的数学模型。结合帧间差分法和KLT方法检测静止背景下和变化背景下的运动目标,并对目标特征点进行亚像素定位。试验和仿真结果分析表明,该方法能够有效提取目标的特征点,可对目标较为准确地定位,并通过单目视觉测量出目标方位信息,误差控制在8%的范围内。     

Nd:YVO4自受激拉曼激光器调Q锁模特性

利用Nd:YVO4激光晶体的自受激拉曼效应,结合Cr:YAG被动锁模技术和倍频技术,实现了结构紧凑的1176 nm和588 nm黄光锁模激光输出。激光器为LD端面泵浦,三镜折叠腔结构,并且采用了透过率为10%的输出镜。Nd:YVO4晶体长度为10 mm,Nd3+离子掺杂质量分数为0.2%,Cr:YAG晶体的初始透过率为67%。10 W激光泵浦时,1176 nm激光平均输出功率为123 mW,调Q包络宽度为6 ns,调Q包络内的锁模脉冲重复频率高达1 GHz。588.2 nm 黄光的平均输出功率为8 mW。     

Nonequilibrium thermodynamics and fluctuation relations for small systems

In this review, we give a retrospect of the recent progress in nonequilibrium statistical mechanics and thermodynamics in small dynamical systems. For systems with only a few number of particles, fluctuations and nonlinearity become significant and contribute to the nonequilibrium behaviors of the systems, hence the statistical properties and thermodynamics should be carefully studied. We review recent developments of this topic by starting from the Gallavotti–Cohen fluctuation theorem, and then to the Evans–Searles transient fluctuation theorem, Jarzynski free-energy equality, and the Crooks fluctuation relation. We also investigate the nonequilibrium free energy theorem for trajectories involving changes of the heat bath temperature and propose a generalized free-energy relation. It should be noticed that the non-Markovian property of the heat bath may lead to the violation of the free-energy relation.     

白光有机发光器件在照明中的应用

作为下一代固态照明光源,白光有机电致发光二极管(white organic light-emitting diodes, WOLEDs)由于其高效、节能、环保等特点,已经引起了广泛的关注,将其用做照明光源的研究和应用也取得了长足的发展。文中首先简述了WOLEDs的发光原理,总结了目前常见的WOLEDs的结构和常用的发光材料,重点介绍了多发射层白光器件、多重掺杂单发射层白光器件、基于激基缔合物和激基复合物发射的白光器件、p-i-n结构的白光器件等器件结构的发光机理及其优缺点。本文依据WOLEDs高效率、高亮度、高显色性、长寿命的实用条件,详细解释了器件效率,色纯度,相关色温和器件寿命等性能评价标准。我们还分析了WOLEDs目前亟需解决的技术瓶颈,并针对器件效率和器件寿命两个主要方面提出了相应的改善方案。介绍了世界上照明用WOLEDs各公司的研究进展并对其市场前景做出了展望。     

Dielectric Barrier Discharge in Analytical Spectrometry

Abstract

Dielectric barrier discharge is a nonequilibrium plasma, and its industrial application has been on a large scale. Similarly, its prominent features of high dissociation ability at low working temperature and low power consumption, simple and adjustable configuration, ambient working conditions, and long lifetime are favorable for developing a wide array of analytical devices as well. This review addresses the basics of dielectric barrier discharge and emphasizes their analytical applications in analytical atomic spectrometry, chemiluminescence, gas chromatographic detectors, ion source for mass spectrometry, and ion mobility spectrometry with 103 references.     

高维Heisenberg群上热算子的分析

用留数定理及轨道积分方法,讨论了2n+1(n≥1)维Heisenberg群上热核及Green核的渐近性,并给出了更简明的渐近公式,彻底解决了Hueber,H等人遗留的问题.     

Linear Theory of Free Electron Laser with a Plasma-Loaded Cylindrical Waveguide

The dispersion characteristics of plasma–loaded free-electron laser has been analyzed using linear fluid model. The device under consideration consists of the cylindrical metallic waveguide, completely filled with background plasma and a relativistic electron beam which passes through a helical wiggler magnetic field. The result predicts that reasonable plasma density tends to improve the growth rate of the low-frequency optical wave of FEL and causes an shiftup in the operating frequency, However it has little effect on the growth rate of the high-frequency wave. In the plasma–loaded FEL, for the FEL oscillator, it may be tuned by varying the plasma density; and for the FEL amplifier, the wider frequency bandwidth is gained. A critical density n ^c _p for the background plasma density is found.     

Magnetocaloric effect and transition order of Mn5Ge3 ribbons

Single phase Mn₅Ge₃ ribbons were successfully synthesized by single roller melt-spinning method followed by an annealing procedure at 800 °C for 1 h. The magnetocaloric effect and transition order were investigated by dc magnetization measurement. A maximum entropy change of 4.92 J/kg K and a refrigerant capacity of 201.3 J/kg were observed at an external field change of 30 kOe. The Banerjee criterion was adopted to discriminate the order of the transition, indicating a second order transition. The calculated entropy changes were also obtained by Landau theory, which are in agreement with the experimental values at the temperature region above the Curie temperature. This phenomena implies a potential transition of the magnetic interaction in the vicinity of the Curie temperature. Universal behavior was also indicated in that all of the experimental entropy change curves collapse into one universal curve, which is consistent with the Banerjee criterion.     

基于LabVIEW的惯性测量单元信号采集及处理系统设计

利用LabVIEW设计了惯性测量单元信号采集及处理软件,主要包括串口通信、数据分离及信号处理等模块;串口通信模块采用VISA方式编程,建立了惯性测量单元与上位机之间的通信;根据惯性测量单元输出数据的格式,利用LabVIEW中的匹配模式函数分离出沿三轴向的加速度信号和角速率信号;设计了一种用于去除加速度信号中低频成份的数字滤波器;在建立的陀螺漂移模型基础上,分别进行小波基、小波分解层数、阈值函数及阈值估计方法等小波参数的选取.