Non-disturbance Criteria of Quantum Measurements

In 2004, Kirkpatrick discussed three ways (I), (II) and (III) of describing non-disturbance between quantum measurements X and Y, and showed that they are all equivalent to the compatibility of X and Y if they are both sharp measurements. In 2005, based on a special sequential product on the standard effect algebra, Gudder showed that if X and Y are unsharp measurements, then (I) holds if and only if X and Y are compatible and Y is sharp measurement; compatibility of X and Y implies (II), but the converse does not hold, and only (III) is equivalent to the compatibility of X and Y. Liu and Wu (J. Phys. A, Math. Theor. 42:185206, 2009) and Shen and Wu (J. Phys. A, Math. Theor. 42:345203, 2009) showed that there are many sequential products on the standard effect algebra. In this paper, we obtain the same conclusions as Gudder’s for all these sequential products of the standard effect algebra.     

Tunable surface wettability of ZnO nanorods prepared by two-step method

Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods were deposited on silicon substrate by two-step method. The crystal structure, surface morphology and water contact angle (WCA) were measured by X-ray diffractometer (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and water contact angle apparatus. It is demonstrated that the WCA of the as-grown ZnO nanorods varies between 136° and 43° and the contact angle reduction rate of ZnO nanorods changes rapidly with increasing growth time. The variation of contact angle in the as-grown samples and contact angle reduction rate has been attributed to the combined effects of the proportion of nonpolar planes in the outermost surface, the area fraction of vapor on the surface and the increase of surface energy of ZnO nanorods.     

Measurement interpretation and information measures in general probabilistic theory

The incompatibility of dynamics postulate (unitary evolution) and the measurement postulate (wave-packet collapse) of quantum mechanics has recently been solved by Zurek from an information transfer perspective. Luo gave his derivation by relaxing the repeatability postulate. In this paper, we reconsider Luo’s derivation in the setting of general probabilistic theory (GPT). We also introduce the concept of sub- and super-fidelity in GPT and discuss their properties.     

Dependence of laser beam induced current on geometrical sizes of the junction for HgCdTe photodiodes

The dependence of laser beam induced current (LBIC) on the junction structure of \(\text {n}^{+}\) -on-p HgCdTe photodiode has been numerically investigated. The calculated LBIC profiles varying with the junction depth are in good agreement with the experimental results (Musca et al. in J Electron Mater 28:603–610, 1999). It is found that there is a linear relationship between the magnitude of LBIC peak and the size of junction, such as depth and length. In addition, the LBIC shape between two peaks becomes more flat with increasing the junction depth. A competition mechanism of lateral and vertical current flow is proposed to explain the junction size dependence of the LBIC signal. The results help us to better understand the induced current flowing in photodiodes with different junction structures.     

Optical nonlinear characteristics of MgF_2 films containing Cu nanoparticles

An investigation is made on the optical nonlinear characteristics of MgF2 fihns containing Cu nanoparticles. When the Cu volume fraction is 0.1, at approximately εm ＋ 2εd = 0, the film exhibits a strong thirdorder optical nonlinear refractive coefficient of 1.0×10^-9 cm2/W, a nonlinear refractive index of about -4.0×10^-7 esu, a third-order optical nonlinear response of about 6.8×10^-8s esu, and a figure of merit of about 1.0×10^-11. The result shows that the film may have potential applications in optoelectronic technology.     

人眼的高级像差对视功能的影响

准确测量和分析人眼的高级像差有助于更好地改善视觉,具有重要的实验和临床意义。测量了实际人眼的波前像差,分析了高级像差对人眼视功能的影响。像差数据由哈特曼-夏克（Hartmann-Shack）波前传感器分别对不同瞳孔的人眼进行测量而获得,视功能的评价方法采用了调制传递函数（MTF）、对比敏感度函数（CSF）、斯特雷尔（Strehl）比率。由人眼的波前像差数据和视网膜空间像调制度（AIM）曲线直接给出了视锐度值与对比敏感度值。矫正了离焦与像散后．被测者的平均视锐度值达到了1．0,对比敏感度在低频（20c／mm）处约为52,高频（80c／mm）处约为1;矫正了前4阶像差后,平均视锐度值可提高到1．2,对比敏感度在低频（20c／mm）处提高到96,高频（80c／mm）处提高到7。实际人眼各不相同,达到理想成像需矫正高级像差的阶数也不同。矫正了前九阶像差后,均可达到理想成像,斯特雷尔比率值大于0．8。     

折/衍混合远心消色差f-θ物镜系统设计

设计了一个折/衍混合远心消色差f-θ物镜系统.该系统由一片折射/衍射透镜和三片折射透镜组成.入瞳位于系统前焦面,整个系统满足像方远心.与美国专利（专利号：4,925,279）相比较,垂轴色差由2.40 mm降到0.23 mm,降低了一个数量级;对于0°、14°和20°视场,最大垂轴像差分别由260μm、1350μm、2090μm降低到5μm、250μm、318μm,最大场曲分别由8mm、10mm、13 mm降低到0.5 mm、1 mm、6 mm.该物镜不仅可用于彩色激光打印机、激光数码彩扩等多波长的扫描系统,也可用于能量要求较高的扫描系统.在高能量扫描系统中,通过引用折/衍混合远心消色差f-θ物镜,可用小体积工作于多纵模状态的激光器代替大体积单波长的激光器,使整个扫描系统小型化,并且提高了扫描准确度.     

基于个体眼光学结构的角膜与晶状体的像差补偿

研究角膜对晶状体波前像差的影响对现行的个性化视觉矫正手术有-定的参考价值.运用光学设计软件Zemax,根据个体人眼的角膜地形图、眼内各部分轴向间距和全眼波前像差数据,为22只人眼构建了个体眼光学结构.基于个体眼光学结构和衍射光学理论计算了眼内、外不同位置处的波前,获得了角膜对晶状体波前像差的影响.结果表明,角膜和品状体像差存在补偿和叠加两种关系.大多数眼睛,角膜对晶状体像差有一定补偿作用.总体像散的均方根(RMS)值比品状体像散的RMS值减小0.08～1.48μm,相当于10.1%～77.5%.总体高阶像差的RMS值比晶状体高阶像差的RMS值减小了0.06～0.85 μm,相当于3.8%～79.4%,平均减小了50.7%.其中,球差和彗差的Zernike系数绝对值总体比晶状体分别减小了0.02～0.60μm和0.01～0.39μm,相当于4.3%～98.4%和2.5%～91.4%.     

电位型痕量硫氢根模拟酶生物传感器研究

以恒电位法在pH=9.0碱性水溶液中碳纤维簇电极上镀单层锌,在含有组氨酸和电解氧化锌镀层下原位合成了锌-组氨酸-羟基络合物修饰碳纤维电极,模拟了生物酶识别痕量的硫氢酸根离子,优化了电极制备的条件。建立了开路电位测定硫氢酸根离子的方法,在中性水溶液中,该电极以开路电位变化响应注入溶液中的硫离子浓度,并可用能斯特方程描述开路电位变化的规律。方法的最低检出限为1.0×10~(-15)mol/L,检测范围为1.0×10~(-6)~1.0×10~(-15)mol/L,相对标准偏差为3.5%。对实际样品中硫氢酸根离子检测结果为1.12×10~(-13)mol/L,加标回收率为109.2%。研制的电化学传感器具有响应快速,灵敏度高,检出限低,检测范围宽,仪器简单方便等特点。