AR-Ag(Ⅰ)体系的共振散射光谱法测定痕量银

在pH=4.4的NaAc-HAc缓冲介质和2.0×10-3mol/L十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)溶液中,Ag(Ⅰ)与茜素红(AR)可形成较稳定的离子缔合物微粒,其在324、360和500nm处分别产生3个较强的共振散射峰.在最佳实验条件下,浓度在0.022～2.160μg/mL之间的Ag(Ⅰ)与共振散射强度△I324nm呈较好的线性关系,检测限为0.139 ng/mL.据此,建立了一种测定痕量银的共振散射新方法,并将该方法用于废胶片中痕量银的测定.     

基于相息图迭代的随机相位加密

提出了一种将随机相位加密和相位恢复算法中的求解附加相位分布分二步实施的加密方法. 由于该方法的实质是通过在随机谱和相息图之间进行相位恢复迭代以确定相息图和密钥的相 位分布，因而能够减小图像的解密误差.在相息图相位离散化的迭代过程中，采用增大设计 冗余度的方法，降低了由相位离散化所带来的解密误差.最后，通过计算机模拟实验验证了 该方法在减小图像解密误差方面的有效性. 关键词： 随机相位 光学图像加密 相息图 二元光学 离散化误差 相位恢复算法     

一种正交频分复用系统抗水下时变多径信道的频率偏移估计方法

提出了一种水下正交频分复用(OFDM)系统鲁棒的频率偏移估计方法,即通信帧由一个训练帧和多个数据帧组成。其中克服大的多普勒频移,也就是粗频移估计(Rough Frequency Offset Estimation,RFOE),是通过训练帧来实现的,而克服时变的和小的多普勒频移,也就是精细多普勒频移估计(Accurate Frequency Offset Estimation,AFOE),是通过每一个数据帧实现的。RFOE和AFOE都是使用OFDM数据或循环前缀(Cyclic Prefix,CP)中没有被多径干扰的那部分数据计算得到的。在海试中,采用这种算法实现了通信速率与作用距离的乘积为133km·kbps的无误码通信,并比较了不同算法的试验结果,试验结果表明该算法能克服水下信道多径和时变的影响。      

一种生物柴油代用品在HZSM-5分子筛催化剂上的催化热解

为了深入了解生物柴油在ZSM-5沸石上的催化反应机理,在常压的流动反应器中进行了生物柴油代用品丁酸甲酯在氢型ZSM-5(HZSM-5)催化剂上的热解和催化热解. 热解产物使用气相色谱-质谱法定性和定量测量. 动力学模型和实验表明,气相中氢提取反应是热解过程中丁酸甲酯分解的主要途径,但在HZSM-5上,丁酸甲酯则主要通过解离生成烯酮和甲醇消耗;与无催化反应相比,丁酸甲酯在HZSM-5上的初始分解温度降低了约300 K. 并且通过Arrhenius方程获得了在催化热解和均相热解条件下丁酸甲酯消耗的表观活化能. 明显降低的表观活化能证实了HZSM-5对丁酸甲酯热解的催化性能. 此外催化剂的活化温度对HZSM-5的某些催化性能具有一定的影响. 该研究对进一步的实际生物柴油燃料的催化燃烧具有一定的指导意义.     

非线性柱形涂层复合介质有效的直流-交流电响应

利用摄动展开方法, 研究了由圆柱形带涂层杂质随机嵌入基质所形成的非线性复合介质在外加 的带有不同频率和振幅的混合电场E₀ + E₁ sinωt+E₃ sin3ωt作用下有效的直流-交流电响应, 分别推导了复合介质在杂质核、涂层及基质区域的电势分布, 并在低杂质浓度下给出了复合介质有效的非线性响应及它们之间的关系. 关键词： 非线性柱形涂层复合介质 有效的非线性响应 外加交直流电场     

利用面板数据模型分析湖南城镇居民的收入与消费之间的关系

本文利用面板数据模型研究湖南省城镇居民1999-2005年收入与消费之间的关系,分析湖南居民的收入差异对居民消费的影响,为今后调整湖南的消费结构,扩大内需,促进经济发展提供理论依据.     

Preliminary study on aerosol particle addition calibration method for on-line quantitative analysis of airborne radioactive particles with ICP-MS

An ambient aerosol concentration enrichment system coupled with ICP-MS for real-time monitoring of airborne radioactive particles is now under development. ICP-MS is very sensitive to sample introduction conditions, so it is necessary to develop an easy-use calibration method for on-line quantitative analysis in field application. In this paper, a calibration method using standard solution instead of monodisperse particles was established and validated preliminarily. First of all, four parameters for the method were determined experimentally, including: uptake flow rate and nebulisation efficiency of the Microconcentric nebuliser, nebulisation/transport efficiency of Aridus Desolvating Sample Introduction System, and Relative Sensitivity Factor between ¹⁵⁹?Tb and ¹⁷⁴?Yb. Then, monodisperse terbium nitrate particles were generated by a commercial Vibrating Orifice Aerosol Generator. Continuous aerosols of ytterbium nitrate droplets were nebulised from standard solution. They were mixed together, desolvated through the membrane dryer and introduced into ICP-MS for on-line analysis of terbium nitrate particles. The air sampled from nuclear environment was also introduced into ICP-MS to investigate the effect of flow rate on instrument responses. Finally, atom numbers of ¹⁵⁹?Tb in discrete terbium nitrate particles were determined using the calibration method and compared to the calculated value. Results show that when air flow rate increase from 10?mL?min^?1 to 100?mL?min^?1, the ratio of ¹⁵⁹?Tb ion count to ¹⁷⁴?Yb ion intensity keeps constant although instrument sensitivity decreases by a factor of 25. The relative standard deviation of ¹⁵⁹?Tb atom number measured is better than 18%. The discrepancy with the calculated value could be attributed to the over-estimation of atom number in the particles generated by VOAG because there was some liquid leakage in the VOAG.     

One-pot synthesis of benzylacetamide from oxime under ultrasound irradiation

One-pot synthesis of benzylacetamide from oxime can be carried out in 80–95% yield at 35–40 °C under ultrasound irradiation. This method provided several advantages such as simple work-up procedure, shorter reaction time and higher yield.