触头用银合金粉末的氧化性能和氧化后的组织结构

通过热重实验和扫描电子显微等方法，研究了４种触头用银合金粉末的氧化性能及氧化后的组织结构。发现Ａｇ－Ｓｎ－ＲＥ合金粉末氧化以后，在粉末表层形成一层纯银层，其组织结构理想；它的氧化性能最好，适于制备触头材料。Ａｇ－Ｓｎ－ＲＥ合金粉末的优良氧化性能与其氧化后理想的组织结构有关。稀土元素可以降低合金粉末的氧化温度，其它影响作用有待于进一步研究。     

Temperature-dependent dry etching characteristics of III–V semiconductors in HBr- and HI-based discharges

Microwave discharges of HBr/H₂/Ar and H/H₂/Ar with additional do biasing of the sample were used to etch InP, GaAs, and AlGaAs at temperatures between 50–250°C. The etch rates increase by factors of 3–50 and 5–9, respectively, for HBr-and HI-based discharges over this temperature range, but display non-Arrhenius behavior. The etched surfaces became very rough above 100°C for InP with either discharge chemistry due to preferential loss of P, while GaAs and AlGaAs are more tolerant of the elevated temperature etching. The near-surface electrical properties of InP are severely degraded by etch temperatures above 100°C, while extensive hydrogen in-diffusion occurs in GaAs and AlGaAs under these conditions, leading to dopant passivation which can be reversed by annealing at 400°C.     

Preparation of Small Particle Sized ZnAl-Hydrotalcite-Like Compounds by Ultrasonic Crystallization

Ultrasonic technology has been intensively studied recently due to its special features. In this paper, an ultrasonic crystallization method was introduced for the preparation of ZnAl-Hydrotalcite-Like compounds (ZnAl-HTLcs). Samples with high crystallinity, small particle size and narrow particle size distribution were obtained and fully characterized using conventional techniques of XRD, FT-IR and TGDTA. The results prove that both ultrasonic frequency and ultrasonic power have effects on the sizes of the product particles. By varying the ultrasonic power from 250 W to 88 W, with the ultrasonic frequency fixed at 59 kHz, the median particle size of the samples increased from 0.37 μm to 0.82 μm. By altering the hydrothermal treatment time from 1 h to 5 h at 110℃, the median particle size of ZnAl-HTLcs synthesized via ultrasonic crystallization increased from 0.88 μm to 1.11 μm.     

焙烧富集分离－氢化物原子荧光法测定地质物料中痕量硒

本文研究了一种焙烧富集分离、氢化物－原子荧光法测定地质物料中痕量Ｓｅ的方法。系统地研究了Ｓｅ富集分离条件、考查了３０多种元素在焙烧前后对测定Ｓｅ的影响，在选定的最佳实验条件下，方法检出下限为０．０１μｇ／ｇ，线性范围为０．００１～０．３μｇ／ｍＬ。样品中Ｓｅ含量水平为０．０３６μｇ／ｇ和０．０８９μｇ／ｇ时的测量精度（ＲＳＤ）分别为１０％和５．８％。加标回收率为９７～９９％。采用本方法分析了２６个地球化学标准参考样中痕量硒，获得满意结果。     

苯胺类化合物的电化学氧化及随后化学反应

利用循环伏安法研究了二取代对苯二胺(1),四取代对苯二胺(2)和二取代氨基酚(3)三类化合物以及它们的衍生物的电化学行为及其氧化产物的随后不可逆脱氨反应。 1类化合物在任何pH下的电化学氧化均为一步双电子转移反应,2类化合物为二步单电子转移反应;3类化合物在酸性和中性范围为一步双电子氧化在碱性溶液中为二步单电子转移反应。文中定量求算了不可逆随后化学反应的表观水解速率常数k_f,并进行了讨论。     

用MES及XRD研究FT合成催化剂的活性结构

采用穆斯堡尔谱及Ｘ光衍射法研究了共沉淀法制备的不同Ｆｅ／Ｍｎ比催化剂在焙烧、合成气还原及ＦＴ反应后体系相结构的变化。结果表明：锰助剂的加入使催化本相由铁磁性逐渐转化为超顺磁性，相应使催化剂还原逐渐难，Ｍｎ助剂促进了ＦＴ合成反应进行。反应性能与Ｆｅ／Ｍｎ尖晶石（Ｆｅ１－ｙＭｎｙ）３Ｏ４组成含量及式中ｙ大小密切相关，与ＭｎＣｏ３及ＭｎＯ的存在也有一定关系。富铁催化剂中Ｍｎ主要起电子助剂作用，而富锰催化     

Growth of porous single-crystal Cr2O3 in a 3-D mesopore system

Single-crystal Cr2O3 with regular mesopores has been synthesized using mesoporous silica KIT-6 as a template and characterized by using XRD, HRTEM and nitrogen adsorption/desorption.     

α''-取代磺酰基-α,β-不饱和酮的不对称催化环加成反应的研究

在手性金属钛配合物催化剂存在下，研究了α′－取代磺酰基－α，β－不饱和酮的不对称催化环加成反应；讨论了α，β－不饱和酮各种取代磺酰基对反应活性和对映选择性的影响；高收率地合成了高光学纯度的环加成产物，并对环加成产物的构型进行了鉴定。     

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) from different azobenzene self-assembled monolayers and sandwiches

Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of functionalized azobenzene thiols (RAzoCnSH, n=3-6 for R=H, abbreviated as AzoCnSH; and n=4 for R=CH(3)CONH, abbreviated as aaAzoC4SH) on different substrates RAzoCnSz.sbnd;z.sfnc;S (S represents substrates of vacuum-deposited gold (Au), silver foil (Ag), HNO(3) etched silver foil (EAg), and silver mirror (mAg)) have been studied by SERS in the near-infrared region. SERS of the SAMs on EAg and/or mAg exhibit SERS effects that vary with etching time and/or deposition time. The most appropriate time is 5 s for etching in 1:1 HNO(3) and 40 s for deposition in 0.1 M Ag(NH(3))(2)NO(3). Further, a layer of Ag mirror was conveniently deposited on the top of the SAMs on different substrates, yielding a more efficient SERS-active system possessing a "sandwiched" structure of mAgz.sfnc;RAzoCnS-z.sfnc;S. An appropriate surface roughness is required for the strongest SERS effect. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicates that there exist a large number of projects around 100 nm on the surface showing the strongest SERS effect. When the surface roughness is decreased or increased, the SERS effect decreases sharply. The relationship between the SERS effect and the structural nature was investigated and showed that the enhancement factor decays exponentially with increasing in distances of the azobenzene group from the underlying substrate or the overlying silver mirror. This result reveals that the SERS effect may be the result of the electromagnetic coupling effect between two metal layers.     

Baker''''s yeast mediated reduction of substituted acenaphthenequinones: Regio-and enantioselective preparation of mono-hydroxyacenaphthenones

Baker's yeast mediated reduction of acenaphthenequinone within 4-10 h afforded mono-hydroxyacenaphthenone mainly with low enantioselectivity, the substrate and mono-hydroxyacenaphthenone product almost converted to dihydroxyacenaphthene after 48 h. By control of the reaction time and in the presence of DMF as co-solvent, the reduction of 6-substituted acenaphthenequinones under vigorous agitation afforded the corresponding 2-hydroxyacenaphthenones in 24-84% yields with 10-93% ee.