Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a New Lanthanum(III) 4-Cyanobenzoate Complex

A new dinuclear La(III) complex [La2(4-cba)4[H(4-cba)2]2(phen)2(H2O)4] (4-Hcba = 4-cyanobenzoic acid and phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) 1 has been synthesized by solvothermal reaction in an ethanol/water mixed solution at 100 ℃ and structurally characterized by single- crystal X-ray diffraction. Crystallographic data: C88H58La2N12O20, Mr = 1881.28, triclinic P1, a = 7.518(3), b = 17.033(6), c = 17.551(6), α = 115.333(4), β = 92.9910(10), γ = 99.366(5)°, V = 1985.3(12)3, Z = 1, Dc = 1.574 g/cm3, F(000) = 944 μ = 1.145 mm–1, the final R = 0.0281 and wR = 0.0686 for 6708 reflections with I > 2σ(I). In 1, two nine-coordinated La(III) ions are connected by two 4-cba ligands in a syn-syn bidentate coordination mode, and the other six 4-cba ligands terminate the La(III) ions, resulting in an isolated dinuclear structure. Two different types of intramolecular hydrogen bonds, asymmetrical O-H…O and symmetrical O…H…O, exist in the crystal. The title complex molecules are connected through hydrogen bonds and weak π-π stacking interactions to generate a 2-D layered network. The thermogravimetric analysis of 1 has also been discussed.     

Nuclear Fermi Motion Effect on Pion Double Charge Exchange

The influence of nuclear Fermi motion on the conventional mechanism of pion double charge exchange (DCX) is examined.Concrete calculations of the 0° excitation function over the energy region 0—300MeV are performed for the double isobaric analog DCX transition on ¹⁴C.The calculated results coincide very well with the experimental data for the energies above 100MeV,but are about a factor of 2—3 smaller than the experimental data around 50MeV.It indicates that the pure conventional mechanism seems incapable to fully explain the anomalous behavior of the low energy DCX,and some new mechanisms are needed.     

显微拉曼光谱技术对射击残留物的有机颗粒研究

为射击残留物检测提供了一个快速、简便、准确的无损检测方法,通过激光显微拉曼光谱技术对弹药中的发射药及射击残留物中的有机颗粒进行了研究。研究发现,检测射击残留物有机颗粒获得最优拉曼信号的激发波长为473 nm,可有效避开荧光干扰。射击残留物有机颗粒主要来自部分燃烧的发射药颗粒,拉曼光谱证明其主要成分与发射药主要成分基本一致,但部分拉曼谱峰强度降低、消失或是线宽变宽,证明其物质结构也在一定程度上受到了破坏。通过微观形态观察,射击残留物有机颗粒表面以铜黄色、灰黑色为主,表面分布熔坑及附着带有金属光泽的球形无机颗粒,这些特有形貌可视为射击残留物的典型特征,成为射击残留物的重要判据。     

二价铜离子和联咪唑催化的酚与碘代芳烃的乌尔曼反应研究

Ullmann-type diaryl ether synthesis can be performed at 100 ℃ in good to excellent yields by aryl iodides as the substrates under the assistance of copper（Ⅱ） and 2,2＇-biimidazolyl.     

鳞翅触足螨对腐食酪螨捕食效能

研究了鳞翅触足螨雌雄成螨对腐食酪螨在6个恒温状态下的功能反应.结果表明鳞翅触足螨雌、雄成螨对椭圆食粉螨的功能反应均属于HollingⅡ型,其中雌成螨的捕食能力强于雄成螨;在各温度处理中,雌成螨在28℃时具有较高的捕食效能;鳞翅触足螨12℃的低温状态下捕食效能较低;猎物密度不变的情况下,鳞翅触足螨捕食猎物的数量随自身密度的增加而下降.     

Determination of 14 whitening active components in cosmetics by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometryEI北大核心CSCD

A method based on ultra high performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/ MS) was developed for the analysis of 14 whitening active components in oilycosmetics. The 14 whitening active components were extracted from cosmetics by supersonic extraction with 20 mmol / L potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, purified by HLB solid phase extraction column and filtered with 0. 22 μm filter membrane. Shim-pack GIST C18 AQ chromatographic column was used for the separation of the whitening active components. Methanol-0. 1% formic acid solution(containing 5 mmol / L ammonium acetate)was employed as mobile phase for gradient elution, and the analytes were detected by electrospray ionization source with positive and negative ion alternate scanning mode and multiple reaction monitoring mode (MRM). The results showed that an effective separation was achieved within 10 min under the optimized conditions, 14 whitening active components exhibited good linear relationships in the respective linear range with the correlation coefficient more than 0. 999. The limits of detection were in the range of 0. 15-2. 5 mg / kg, and the limits of quantitation were in the range of 0. 5-7. 5 mg / kg. The recoveries were from 70% to 117%, and the relative standard deviations were between 0. 2% and 12% . © 2022, Youke Publishing Co.,Ltd. All rights reserved.     

瓜环[n](n=6～8)与盐酸丁咯地尔的相互作用

利用1HNMR技术、电喷雾质谱、红外光谱及紫外吸收光谱等手段研究了瓜环[n](n=6～8)与盐酸丁咯地尔的相互作用.实验结果表明,盐酸丁咯地尔与3种瓜环具有不同的相互作用,主-客体配合物的作用模式随着瓜环大小的不同而各不相同.其中,瓜环[6]与盐酸丁咯地尔的相互作用非常弱,而瓜环[7]和瓜环[8]则都将盐酸丁咯地尔分子中的吡咯环及其相邻的2个碳全部包结进去,形成了包结比为1:1的对称包结配合物.通过紫外吸收光谱法计算得到瓜环[7]和瓜环[8]与盐酸丁咯地尔分子的包结常数在102～103L/mol范围内,说明瓜环对盐酸丁咯地尔具有潜在的药物缓释作用.     

二溴邻硝基偶氮胂光度法测定微量钯

研究了3-[(2-胂酸苯基)偶氮]-6-[(4,6-二溴-2-硝基苯)偶氮]-4,5-二羟基-2,7-苯二磺酸(简称二溴邻硝基偶氮胂)与Pd(Ⅱ)的显色反应,建立了一种测定微量钯的光度法。在pH 3.0的HCl溶液中,钯与二溴邻硝基偶氮胂发生灵敏的显色反应,生成1∶2的紫红色配合物,该配合物的吸收峰位于566 nm。表观摩尔吸光系数ε=1.79×105L.mol-1.cm-1。钯量在0~1.8μg/mL范围内符合比耳定律。实验表明,本法适用于对钯的测定。     

基于Sentinel-2A影像的玉米冠层叶绿素含量估算

农作物叶片中的叶绿素通过吸收光能参与光合作用产生化学能,及时、准确地估算叶绿素含量对于农作物长势、养分含量监测、品质评价和产量估算具有重要意义。Sentinel-2卫星的重访周期为5 d,空间分辨率为10 m,具有13个光谱波段,其中包括三个波宽仅为15 nm对叶绿素含量变化敏感的红边波段,是叶绿素含量估算的理想数据源。植被指数是基于农作物在不同波段的反射特性,通过不同波段组合方式刻画长势和叶绿素含量的差异,可用于大区域范围内的玉米冠层叶绿素含量快速、精确估算。以Sentinel-2A影像为数据源,开展基于多种植被指数的玉米冠层叶绿素含量估算方法研究。课题组于2016年8月6-11日在河北省保定市（115°29′-116°14′E,39°5′-39°35′N）进行玉米冠层叶绿素含量的实地测量,并在每个采样位置上采用中绘i80 智能RTK(real-time kinematic)测量系统进行定位。Sentinel-2A影像预处理工作包括几何校正、辐射定标和大气校正,其中大气校正使用Sen2Cor模型和SNAP模型。首先,基于预处理后的Sentinel-2A遥感影像,分别计算CI_green(green chlorophyll index), CI_red-edge(red-edge chlorophyll index), DVI(difference vegetation index), LCI(leaf chlorophyll index), MTCI(MERIS terrestrial chlorophyll index), NAVI(normalized area vegetation index), NDRE(normalized difference red-edge), NDVI(normalized difference vegetation index), RVI(ratio vegetation index), SIPI(structure insensitive pigment index)植被指数。然后,建立样方位置上实测叶绿素含量与各植被指数的统计关系,从而构建玉米冠层叶绿素含量估算模型,并以野外实测玉米冠层叶绿素含量为依据,对基于各植被指数的估算结果进行精度评价。最后,利用筛选出的最优叶绿素含量估算模型,估算研究区内的玉米冠层叶绿素含量。研究的目标为：（1）通过比较分析,构建合适的玉米冠层叶绿素含量估算模型,估算精度以决定系数R2、均方根误差RMSE以及相对误差RE作为评价指标;（2）确定最优波段组合方案：在红边波段中选择与可见光、近红外波段组合效果更优的波段组合方案;（3）确定参与植被指数计算的红边波段的最优数量。精度评价结果表明：（1）选用的植被指数与玉米冠层叶绿素含量呈多项式拟合关系,其中使用红边波段计算的植被指数的估算结果明显优于未使用红边波段的估算结果;红边波段引入后明显提高了可见光、近红外波段对叶绿素含量的拟合的精度,CI_{green(560, 705)}指数比CI_{green(560, 842)}的回归模型R2提高0.516,红边波段参与计算的DVI相对于RVI来说,估算结果更稳定。（2）对于不同的植被指数,参与运算的Sentinel-2A影像的两个红边波段,估算精度的提高程度不同。对于可见光波段参与计算的植被指数来说,在红边波段1（中心波长为705 nm）的估算精度较高,如LCI,CI_green,DVI和RVI等;对于近红外波段参与计算的植被指数来说,在红边波段2（中心波长为740 nm）的估算精度较高,如CI_red-edge,NDRE和NAVI等。（3）对于Sentinel-2A影像来说,两个红边波段共同参与叶绿素含量估算时能取得最高的的估算精度。选用的植被指数中,MTCI_{(665, 705, 740)}指数与玉米冠层叶绿素含量估算精度最高,回归模型拟合精度R2为0.803,模型验证R2为0.665,RMSE为3.185,相对误差RE为4.819%。MTCI_{(665, 705, 740)}指数计算中使用了两个红边波段,突出红边波段反射率差值变化,与玉米冠层叶绿素含量表现出很好的相关性。最后,利用优选出的基于MTCI指数的叶绿素含量估算模型,对研究区范围内的叶绿素含量进行估算并完成空间制图。     

Frequentist model averaging for linear mixed-effects models

Linear mixed-effects models are a powerful tool for the analysis of longitudinal data. The aim of this paper is to study model averaging for linear mixed-effects models. The asymptotic distribution of the frequentist model average estimator is derived, and a confidence interval procedure with an actual coverage probability that tends to the nominal level in large samples is developed. The two confidence intervals based on the model averaging and based on the full model are shown to be asymptotically equivalent. A simulation study shows good finite sample performance of the model average estimators.