Synthesis of substituted γ-lactam via Pd(0)-catalyzed cyclization of alkene-tethered carbamoyl chloride

Pd(0)-catalyzed carboiodonation of but-3-enylcarbamic chloride has been developed with NaI as additive, which provides a ready access to substituted γ-lactam bearing an alkyl iodide group. This reaction features alkyl iodide reductive elimination as a key step in catalytic cycle, indicating the crucial role of additive NaI.     

“Self-repairing” nanoshell for cell protection

Self-repair is nature''s way of protecting living organisms. However, most single cells are inherently less capable of self-repairing, which greatly limits their wide applications. Here, we present a self-assembly approach to create a nanoshell around the cell surface using nanoporous biohybrid aggregates. The biohybrid shells present self-repairing behaviour, resulting in high activity and extended viability of the encapsulated cells (eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells) in harsh micro-environments, such as under UV radiation, natural toxin invasion, high-light radiation and abrupt pH-value changes. Furthermore, an interaction mechanism is proposed and studied, which is successful to guide design and synthesis of self-repairing biohybrid shells using different bioactive molecules.     

超临界水中硫酸钠结晶动力学的分子动力学模拟

在超临界水反应器中，硫酸钠是易造成堵塞的一种常见无机盐，研究其结晶动力学对于防盐沉积反应器的设计具有重要意义.本文采用LAMMPS分子动力学模拟软件研究硫酸钠在超临界水中的微观结晶过程，其中水分子采用SPC/E模型，离子-离子、离子-水分子相互作用采用Coulumb和Lennard-Jones联合势能函数.结果表明：水对离子的静电屏蔽作用随温度升高而增强、随密度减小而减弱；增大超临界水的温度和密度有利于离子扩散，进而促进离子相互碰撞、成核；在模拟的超临界水参数范围内，其成核速率的数量级为10²⁹cm^-3·s^-1，生长速率为(19.8~25.8) m·s^-1.     

Serum pharmacochemistry combined with multiple data processing approach to screen the bioactive components and their metabolites in Mutan Cortex by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry

Root cortex of Paeonia suffruticosa Andrews (Paeoniaceae), known as Moutan Cortex (MC), is known to have anti‐allergic and anti‐inflammatory properties. However, the constituents absorbed into blood after oral administration of MC remain unknown. A sensitive and rapid method by ultra‐high‐pressure liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization–quadrupole‐time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (UPLC‐ESI‐Q‐TOF‐MS) technology and the MetaboLynx^TM software combined with multiple data processing approach (Mdpa) was established to investigate the absorbed constituents in rats after oral administration of MC, providing unique high‐throughput capabilities for drug metabolism study. A hyphenated electrospray ionization and quadrupole‐time‐of‐flight analyzer was used for the determination of accurate mass of the fragment ion in negative mode, with excellent MS mass accuracy and enhanced data acquisition. This rapid automated analysis method was successfully applied for screening and identification of the constituents absorbed and metabolized studies of MC after oral administration to rats. A total of 46 peaks were obtained from MC, 41 of which were tentatively characterized. In the VIP‐plot of orthogonal partial least‐squares discriminant analysis, 23 interesting ions in serum samples were extracted, and 16 parent components and seven metabolites were detected in vivo. The integrative serum pharmacochemistry technique, UPLC‐ESI‐Q‐TOF‐MS, and Mdpa method were successfully applied for rapid discovery of multiple components from MC. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

新型N-(取代芳氧乙酰胺基)-N'-(1-甲基环己基酰基)硫脲及其环合产物的合成及其杀虫活性

采用亚结构拼接法,将苯氧乙酸类结构引入酰基硫脲中,设计并合成了8个新型的硫脲类化合物——N-(取代苯氧乙酰胺基)-N'-(1-甲基环己基酰基)硫脲(5a~5h);5a~5h在酸性条件下关环形成8个新型的含1,3,4-噻二唑的酰胺类化合物——1-甲基-N-(5-取代基-1,3,4-噻二唑-2-基)环氧甲酰胺(6a~6h),其结构经1H NMR和ESI-MS表征。初步的生物活性测试结果表明,在用药量为500mg·L-1时,N-(2,4-二氯苯氧乙酰胺基)-N'-(1-甲基环己基酰基)硫脲对粘虫的抑制率为80%。