Syntheses and Crystal Structures of a Pair of Z-E Enaminonitrile Isomerisms

A pair of Z-E enaminonitrile isomerisms 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-((3-methoxyphenyl)amino)acrylonitrile(C_(18)H_(18)N_2O_3, Mr = 310.34) were synthesized and separated by flash column chromatography, and their structures were determined by IR, ~1H NMR, ~(13)C NMR, MS and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystal of compound 2a belongs to the monoclinic system, space group C2/c with a = 33.805(7), b = 5.4496(12), c =18.401(4) ?, β = 112.45(2)o, V = 3133.1(12) ?~3, Z = 8, μ = 0.091 mm~(-1), D_c = 1.143 g·cm~(-3), the final R = 0.0491 and wR = 0.1439 for 2764 observed reflections(I 2σ(I)). The crystal of compound 2b belongs to the triclinic system, space group P1, with a = 8.8403(7), b = 9.0390(6), c = 12.0044(74) ?, α = 72.075(5), β = 86.291(5), γ =81.216(5)o, V = 901.82(10) ?3, Z = 2, T = 293(2) K, μ = 0.079 mm-1, D_c = 1.143 g·cm~(-3), the final R = 0.0474 and wR = 0.1377 for 3176 observed reflections(I 2σ(I)). The crystal packing of 2a and 2b is governed by intermolecular N(2)–H(2)···N(1) and N(2)–H(2)···O(2) interactions respectively to stabilize the structure.     

高斯型空间光孤子相互作用的数值研究

 通过数值模拟的方法,对高斯孤子在对数型饱和非线性介质中的相互作用进行了研究,考查了两光束间的相对振幅和相对相位对其相互作用的影响。结果表明：高斯孤子之间的相互作用敏感地依赖于两光束间的相对振幅和相对相位。在不同的振幅差异范围内,光束间的主要作用交替地表现为相互排斥和相互吸引,并由于高斯孤子的不稳定性,导致了光束在碰撞后以一种尺寸周期性变化的呼吸模式传输。随着相对相位的增大,两光束间始终持续地表现出强烈的排斥作用,直到相对相位增加到一个2π周期之后。而且碰撞之后,光束也都以呼吸模式进行传输,其分离的角度越大,呼吸就越明显。     

Influence of Glycerol Content on Properties of Wheat Gluten/Hydroxyethyl Cellulose Biocomposites

Environmentally friendly biocomposites were prepared by blending wheat gluten（WG）as a matrix, hydroxyethyl cellulose（HEC）as a filler,and glycerol as a plasticizer,followed by thermo-molding of the mixture at 120°C for crosslinking the matrix.Moisture absorption,tensile properties,dynamic mechanical analysis,and dynamic rheology were evaluated in relation to the glycerol content.Tensile strength and modulus drop dramatically with increasing glycerol content,which is accompanied by significant depression in the glass transition temperature and improvement in the extensibility of the biocomposites.     

Cloning, Expression and Purification of Wheat Acetyl-CoA Carboxylases CT Domain in E.coil

The entire gene of carboxyltransferase(CT) domain of acetyl-CoA carboxylase(ACCase) from Chinese Spring wheat(CSW) plastid was cloned firstly,and the 2.3 kb gene was inserted into PET28a+ vector and expressed in E.coil in a soluble state.The (His)6 fusion protein was identified by SDS-PAGE and Western blot.The recombinant protein was purified by affinity chromatography,and the calculated molecular mass(Mr) was 88000.The results of the sequence analysis indicate that the cloned gene(GeneBank accession No.EU124675) was a supplement and revision of the reported ACCase CT partial cDNA from Chinese Spring wheat plastid.The recombinant protein will be significant for us to investigate the recognizing mechanism between ACCase and herbicides,and further to screen new herbicides.     

Synthesis, Crystal Structure, Physical Properties, and Application of a Series of Functional Dibenzo[d,f][1,3]dioxepine Derivatives

The twisted aromatics, functional dibenzo[d,f][1,3]dioxepine derivatives were synthesized in high yields from reactions of 5,5＇-dibromo-2,2＇-biphenol with corresponding ketal or ketone compounds under acid catalysis. The structures of these compounds were characterized by ^1H NMR, elemental analysis, UV-Vis absorption spectrum and X-ray diffraction analysis. The conformation of O--C--O bridged biphenyl derivatives with varied substitute groups on 6,6＇-position was studied by X-ray crystallography and force-field simulation. The result of calculations by UNIVERSAL 1.02 force field in Cerius2 package（4.6） indicates that dibenzo[d,f][1,3]dioxepine derivatives show twisted conformations and the twisted angle between the phenyl rings is about 40°, which is accordant with the result from crystal structure determination, though the obtained angles in the crystal of dibenzo[d,f][1,3]dioxepine derivatives with the varied substitute groups on 6,6＇-position are shown to be slightly shifted to 40° owing to intermolecular interactions in crystal stacking. DSC studies exhibit that the substitute groups on 6,6＇-position can induce a large variation of endothermic peaks ranging from 80 to 135 ℃. The conjugated polymers based on dibenzo[d,f][1,3]dioxepine derivatives, which have ultraviolet emitting with a quantum efficiency of 10%, were obtained by Yamamoto coupling.     

Preparation, Crystal Structure, and Thermal Analysis of Carbohydrazide Trinitrophloroglucinolate

A new compound （CHZ）（HTNPG）·0.5H2O was synthesized by mixing carbohydrazide（CHZ） and trinitrophloroglucinol（TNPG） and characterized by elemental analysis and Fourier transform infrared （FTIR） spectrum. Its crystal structure was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The crystal belongs to triclinic system, P1 space group, with a=0.45578（9） nm, b=1.0142（2） nm, c=1.3041（3） nm, α=86.53（3）°, β=99.56（3）°, γ=81.94（3）°, V= 0.5958（2） nm^3, Z=2, Dc=2.008 g/cm^3, R1=0.0476, and wR2=0.1139. The compound is a di-substituted salt of TNPG, which consists of a cation （CHZ）^2＋ and an anion （HTNPG）^2-. The thermal analysis of the compound was studied by means of differential scanning calorimetry（DSC） and thermogravimetry-derivative thermogravimetry（TG-DTG）. Under nitrogen atmosphere at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min, the thermal decomposition of the compound contained one endothermic process of dehydrating stage and two intense exothermic decomposition processes in a temperature range of 140--232 ℃ on the DSC trace. The decomposition products of the title compound are nearly gaseous products. The existing complicated hydrogen bond networks and electrostatic attraction between （CHZ）^2＋ and （HTNPG）^2- enhance the thermal stability of the title compound.     

聚合物气体辅助注射成型制品的形态结构

作为一种由常规注射成型发展起来的聚合物加工技术,气体辅助注射成型具有节约原材料、缩短成型周期以及提高制品性能等优点,已得到广泛的应用.由于气辅成型过程是一个在刚、柔双重约束界面条件下进行的多相复杂体系的多次流动过程,因而其形态结构的形成、发展和演化要远比常规注塑成型复杂.然而在气辅成型的形态结构方面,国内外的研究一直以来开展得较少.近年来,作者在聚合物及其共混物、复合材料气辅成型制品的形态结构方面已开展了广泛的研究工作,本文对这些工作和一些重要结果作了总结,并简要分析了成型过程中剪切场对形态演化的影响,最后对该研究方向的发展趋势作了展望.     

反相微乳液法制备纳米Ag2S增感剂的化学增感研究

本文用反相微乳液法制备了纳米Ag₂S,并用作卤化银乳剂的硫增感剂,研究了其增感效果、增感规律及可能的增感机理.反相微乳液由异辛烷、表面活性剂AOT钠盐和水形成;制得的Ag₂S粒径3—5 nm;用制得颗粒增感卤化银乳剂,获得的感光性能优越于用Na₂S₂O₃水溶液增感;增感规律的研究表明,随着乳剂中纳米Ag₂S浓度的增加,模型乳剂感光度迅速提高、灰雾变化不大,并在100—200μmol/molAg左右获得最佳感光性能,进一步增加浓度则感光度呈下降趋势、灰雾升高;获得最佳感光性能所需的化学增感时间很短,约40分钟,之后感光度不再增加、灰雾上升;用漫反射光谱(DRS)作探针,跟踪记录增感时卤化银微晶表面上纳米Ag₂S增感剂颗粒的演变,为新型纳米增感剂的优异增感特性提供了机理性解释.     

胍盐低聚物及其在聚丙烯中的热稳定性分析

将自制的胍盐低聚物(PHMG)分别以熔融共混和键合反应的方式引入到聚丙烯(PP)基体中.用透射电子显微镜(TEM)观察了两种不同引入方式下 PHMG 在 PP 基体中的分布,并用热重分析法(TGA)研究了它们的热分解特性.研究表明:PHMG 与 PP 的熔融共混由于两者之间极性相差较大,PHMG 倾向于以团簇的形式分布在 PP 基体中,分布不均匀,其共混物倾向于按PHMG、PP 各自的规律降解;但 PHMG 与 PP 进行键合后,PHMG 则均匀分布在 PP 基体中,PHMG 倾向于与 PP 同时降解.     

用激光解吸附电离飞行时间质谱法检测悬浮土壤颗粒物

在自行研制的气溶胶飞行时间激光质谱仪(ATOFLMS)上实时探测单个悬浮土壤颗粒的粒径和化学成分。利用双束连续激光对单个粒子的空气动力学粒径进行测量,并用266 nm的Nd∶YAG激光器对气溶胶单粒子进行解吸附电离作用,产物离子通过飞行时间质谱仪的无场漂移区后完成单粒子化学成分的检测。本实验中使用了4个不同地区的土壤样本,在实验室内对分析的样本进行预处理和再悬浮,通过导管引入ATOFLMS进行测量,得到大量单粒子的粒径和质谱数据。发现在众多的单粒子的阳离子质谱中,金属成分以地壳元素(Fe, K, Al, Ca)为主,在其他阳离子质谱中包含了Mg和Na等。对悬浮土壤粒子的粒径进行实时检测的结果表明这些粒子多以粗粒子为主, 粒径主要集中在1～2 μm。实验结果表明该仪器在大气气溶胶环境监测及相关研究领域具有重要的实用价值。