An unexpected all-metal aromatic tetranuclear silver cluster in human copper chaperone Atox1

Metal clusters, such as iron–sulfur clusters, play key roles in sustaining life and are intimately involved in the functions of metalloproteins. Herein we report the formation and crystal structure of a planar square tetranuclear silver cluster when silver ions were mixed with human copper chaperone Atox1. Quantum chemical studies reveal that two Ag 5s¹ electrons in the tetranuclear silver cluster fully occupy the one bonding molecular orbital, with the assumption that this Ag₄ cluster is Ag₄²⁺, leading to extensive electron delocalization over the planar square and significant stabilization. This bonding pattern of the tetranuclear silver cluster represents an aromatic all-metal structure that follows a 4n + 2 electron counting rule (n = 0). This is the first time an all-metal aromatic silver cluster was observed in a protein.

Metal clusters, such as iron–sulfur clusters, play key roles in sustaining life and are intimately involved in the functions of metalloproteins.     

Application of Two Novel Acoustic Emission Parameters on Identifying the Instability of Granite

The issue of monitoring and early warning of rock instability has received increasing critical attention in the study of rock engineering. To investigate the damage evolution process of granite under triaxial compression tests, acoustic emission (AE) tests were performed simultaneously. This study firstly introduced two novel parameters, i.e., the coefficient of variation (CoV) of the information entropy and correlation dimension of the amplitude data from the AE tests, to identify the precursor of the failure of granite. Then the relationship between the changes in these parameters and the stress-time curve was compared and analyzed. The results of this study show that: (1) There is a strong correlation between the CoV of the information entropy and the failure process of granite. The granite failed when the CoV curve raised to a plateau, which could be used as an indicator of rock instability. (2) The fluctuation of the correlation dimension indicates the different stages during the loading process, i.e., the initial compaction stage, the linear elastic stage, the yield stage, and the failure stage. Each stage contains a descending and a rising process in the correlation dimension curve, and the exhibited starting point or the bottom point at the correlation dimension curve could be selected as the indicator point for the rock instability. (3) The combined analysis of the Information entropy and Correlation dimension can improve the accuracy of rock instability prediction. This study provides new insights into the prediction of rock instability, which has theoretical implications for the stability of subsurface engineering rock masses.     

Determination of Acetonitrile Volume Fraction in Mobile Phase by HPLC

This paper reports the development and validation of an assay for the determination of acetonitrile in the recycled mobile phase using high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC）. The method is based on that the retention in reversed-phase liquid chromatography increases with decreasing concentration of organic phase in the mobile phase. The natural logarithm of the capacity ratio for a given solute is linearly related to the volume fraction of the organic modifier in the mobile phase. For dimethylphthalate and diethylphthalate, the linearity range is 30%--60%, and for biphenyl and terphenyl, the range is 60%--95%. Precision values（RSD） were both 〈1% and the accuracy（RE） was in the range of ±1%. The assay was successfully applied to the determination of acetonitrile concentration of recycled mobile phase after the distillation of the column eluent in our laboratory.     

(CdZnTe,ZnS)/ZnTe复合量子阱的光学特性研究

设计并制备了一种新型的(CdZnTe,ZnS)/ZnTe复合量子阱结构.使CdZnTe量子阱中的激子有可能在短时间内隧穿到ZnS阱层,从而达到提高光双稳器件“关”速度的目的.并通过对发光特性的研究证实在我们设计的结构中横向激子隧穿的存在,从而为进一步研究超高速光开关提供了实验依据.     

铷原子中参量六波混频和量子拍的研究

在铷原子中实现了轴向相位匹配的参量六波混频,并探测到位于红外光谱区的六波混频信号.六波混频信号与泵浦激光进行和频,产生了位于可见光范围内的可调谐的和频信号,并从和频信号中观察到频率为608 cm 1的量子拍.结果表明,六波混频信号中的量子拍能够用于研究原子和分子的相干特性.     

Effects of SiNx on two-dimensional electron gas and current collapse of AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors

SiN_x is commonly used as a passivation material for AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs). In this paper, the effects of SiN_x passivation film on both two-dimensional electron gas characteristics and current collapse of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs are investigated. The SiN_x films are deposited by high- and low-frequency plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition, and they display different strains on the AlGaN/GaN heterostructure, which can explain the experiment results.     

煅烧温度对Ba1.2Ca0.64SiO4：0.10Eu，0.06Mn粉体发光性能的影响

以MCM-41为硅源,在800~1 100℃下合成了Ba_1.2Ca_0.64SiO₄：0.10Eu,0.06Mn荧光粉,研究了煅烧温度对荧光粉发光性能的影响。实验结果表明,Eu²⁺的蓝绿光发射带的强度与宽度随煅烧温度的升高先增大后减小,在1 000℃时强度达到最大。最大发射峰位随温度的升高而发生红移,由800℃和900℃时的450 nm移至1 000℃和1 100℃时的480 nm。Mn²⁺的红光发射起源于Eu²⁺发射光的激发,其强度随温度的升高而增大。与Mn²⁺发生能量传递作用的Eu²⁺主要位于10配位的M（1）格位。     

Perturbative Power Counting,Lowest-Index Operators and Their Renormalization in Standard Model Effective Field Theory

We study two aspects of higher dimensional operators in standard model effective field theory.We first introduce a perturbative power counting rule for the entries in the anomalous dimension matrix of operators with equal mass dimension.The power counting is determined by the number of loops and the difference of the indices of the two operators involved,which in turn is defined by assuming that all terms in the standard model Lagrangian have an equal perturbative power.Then we show that the operators with the lowest index are unique at each mass dimension d,i.e.,(H~?H)~(d/2)for even d≥4,and(L~TεH)C(L~TεH)~T(H~?H)~((d-5)/2)for odd d≥5.Here H,L are the Higgs and lepton doublet,andε,C the antisymmetric matrix of rank two and the charge conjugation matrix,respectively.The renormalization group running of these operators can be studied separately from other operators of equal mass dimension at the leading order in power counting.We compute their anomalous dimensions at one loop for general d and find that they are enhanced quadratically in d due to combinatorics.We also make connections with classification of operators in terms of their holomorphic and anti-holomorphic weights.     

Measurement of Diffusion Coefficient of Liquids by Using an Asymmetric Liquid-Core Cylindrical Lens： Observing the Diffusion Process Directly

We report a method for measuring diffusion coefficient D of liquids by using an aplanatic and asymmetric cylinder lens with a liquid core, which is designed as both a diffusion pool and the main imaging element. The precision is better than 10-4 RIU in measuring refractive index. The D values of ethylene glycol （EG） in water are measured for various EG concentrations at 25℃, and Dinf = 1.043 × 10^-5 cm^2/s under the condition of infinite dilution is obtained. The method is characterized by observing the diffusion process directly, faster measurement and obtaining the D value under the condition of infinite dilution.     

全透射近红外光谱的苹果整果糖度在线检测模型优化

光谱质量、样本个体差异、检测系统和建模算法等多种因素共同决定水果糖度检测模型的预测精度和稳定性。采用自主研发的短积分全透射近红外在线检测系统以5 ms积分时间和0.5 m·s-1运行速度在线获取了“富士”苹果全透射光谱信号。不同姿态获取的透射光谱强度差异明显,但曲线走势相近,均在920 nm波段具有最大的光谱强度,在850 nm波段存在波谷。采用移动平均平滑、标准正态变量变换和多元散射校正等预处理方法有效去除原始光谱的随机噪声和基线偏差,减小了样本检测姿态引起的光谱差异。为分析不同检测姿态对苹果整果糖度预测模型的影响,构建了单一姿态局限模型和多姿态通用模型,结果表明基于全位点平均透射光谱构建的单一姿态局限模型对检测姿态具有很大的局限性,而多姿态通用模型预测能力较单一检测姿态相当,但却对不同的检测姿态具有更强的适用能力。为进一步提高光谱信号质量,优化模型预测能力,采用信号强度阈值优选方法实现了苹果整果糖度预测模型优化,发现移除中央位点获取的透射光谱信号,有利于提高苹果整果糖度预测模型精度。多姿态通用信号强度优化模型综合考虑不同姿态获取的光谱信息有效性,有效提升了通用信号强度优化模型的预测能力和稳定性,当多姿态通用模型中信号强度阈值为5 000时,模型预测性能最佳,其预测参数R_p,RMSEP和RPD分别为0.79,0.84%和1.58。表明短积分全透射近红外在线检测系统用于不同姿态苹果糖度预测是可行的,多姿态通用模型的建立,扩大了模型在不同姿态的预测稳健性,短积分光谱采集方式结合信号强度阈值优选方法提升了光谱信号的质量和模型的预测能力。