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101.
We study the spectrum of Schrödinger operators with matrixvalued potentials, utilizing tools from infinite-dimensional symplectic geometry. Using the spaces of abstract boundary values, we derive relations between the Morse and Maslov indices for a family of operators on a Hilbert space obtained by perturbing a given self-adjoint operator by a smooth family of bounded self-adjoint operators. The abstract results are applied to the Schrödinger operators with θ-periodic, Dirichlet, and Neumann boundary conditions. In particular, we derive an analogue of the Morse-Smale Index Theorem for multi-dimensional Schrödinger operators with periodic potentials. For quasi-convex domains in Rn, we recast the results, connecting the Morse and Maslov indices using the Dirichlet and Neumann traces on the boundary of the domain. 相似文献
102.
The study is concerned with the Stefan problem of evaporation of a volatile component from its solution with a virtually non-volatile
material. The analysis provides an analytical solution to the problem based on mass-transfer fundamentals. Results yield the
evaporation rate, interfacial mole fractions, concentration profiles in the gas and liquid phases, and the location of the
evaporation front. The analysis can be used to provide the binary liquid diffusion coefficient of the volatile component based
on experimental data for the liquid–gas interface position as a function of time. The requirements for such a measurement
are discussed in terms of the volatility of the evaporating component and its initial concentration in the liquid mixture.
Fig. 1 Gas–liquid interface movement in a partially filled tube
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103.
We consider the combined hubbing and routing problem in postal delivery systems and develop an iterative two-stage solution
procedure for the problem. In the first stage, hub locations are determined and postal offices are multiply allocated to the
hubs. The second stage gives the routes in hub regions that alter the distances between points used in the hub-location problem.
The procedure then iterates between two stages by updating the distances used in hubbing in order to produce a route-compatible
hub configuration. Computational experience is reported for the test problems taken from the literature. For a case study
Turkish postal delivery system data are utilized. As the case study is applied on a road network, a final stage, seeking improvements
based on special structures in the routed network, is appended to the two-stage solution procedure. 相似文献
104.
Mohd Yusuf Khan Xiangxiong Chen Seung Woo Lee Seok Kyun Noh 《Macromolecular rapid communications》2013,34(15):1225-1230
Atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) catalyzed by high oxidation state metal salts of FeX3 is developed for the first time in the absence of both external initiator and reducing agent. Methyl methacrylate (MMA) and styrene are polymerized successfully using FeX3/Phosphorous ligands with well‐controlled molecular weight distributions (=1.5). The molecular weight of the polymers increases with monomer consumption with the progress of time and the polymerization behaviors show a decent ATRP trend. Activators and initiators are suggested to generate in situ by the addition reaction of MMA and one equivalent of FeX3. The PMMA synthesized from without‐initiator system is characterized by 1H, 13C and DEPT (distortionless enhancement by polarization transfer nuclear magnetic resonance) nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Chain extension and copolymerization experiments prove the livingness of the obtained polymer.
105.
Mansoor Ahmed Qazi Ümmühan Ocak Miraç Ocak Shahabuddin Memon Imam Bakhsh Solangi 《Journal of fluorescence》2013,23(3):575-590
A readily available chromionophore 5,11,17,23-tetra-tert-butyl-25,27-bis(hydrazidecarbonylmethoxy)-26,28-dihydroxycalix[4]arene (HCC4) was employed as a chromogenic sensing probe selective for Pb(II) and Cr2O7 2? ions among a series of various ions such as Li(I), Na(I), K(I), Rb(I), Ba(II), Sr(II), Al(III), Cd(II), Co(II), Cu(II), Hg(II), Ni(II), Pb(II) and Zn(II) as well as Cr2O7 2?, CH3CO2 ?, Br?, Cl?, F?, I?, ClO4 ? and NO3 ? that have been examined by UV-visible and fluorescence spectroscopic techniques. The HCC4 in DCM-MeCN system forms 2:1 (ligand-metal) complex with Pb(II). It also shows 2:1 stoichiometry with Cr2O7 2?. The complexation phenomenon has been confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy that favors the selective nature of HCC4 with Pb(II) and Cr2O7 2?. Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) also supports its utility in drastic conditions. 相似文献
106.
D. K. Aswal A. Singh C. Thinaharan S. M. Yusuf C. S. Viswanadham G. L. Goswami 《哲学杂志》2013,93(28):3181-3191
The temperature and field dependences of in-plane (IP) and out-of-plane (OP) anisotropic magnetoresistances (AMRs) have been measured in La1 ? x Pb x MnO3 (LPMO) thin films having different microstructures, namely the single-crystal (SC), nanocrystalline (NC) and polycrystalline (PC) microstructures. The OP AMR, irrespective of the microstructure, is found to be considerably larger than the IP AMR. The magnetization data show that the larger OP AMR arises because magnetization is favoured in the film plane owing to strain anisotropy. In addition, the temperature and field dependences of both IP and OP AMRs are governed by the crystallinity of the films, indicating that the AMRs are strongly influenced by the magnetization process. 相似文献
107.
Omnyia Said Zaky Maghraby Ali Selim Manal Makboul Ebied Kamal Usef Sadek 《Journal of heterocyclic chemistry》2019,56(10):2796-2803
A simple green and efficient one‐pot multi‐component synthesis of 1H‐pyrozolo[1,2‐b]phthalazine‐5,10‐diones and 2H‐indazolo[2,1‐b]phthalazine‐triones has been developed utilizing one‐pot multi‐component reaction of aromatic aldehydes, active methylene reagents, phthalic anhydride, and hydrazine hydrate or alternatively phthalhydrazide in glycerol without catalyst under controlled microwave heating. The current synthetic protocol offers several advantages such as excellent yields, high EcoScale and atom economy, simple working up reactants and products, and the absence of hazardous catalysts or solvents. 相似文献
108.
Nuran Kahriman Serhat Gün Abidin Gümrüküolu Nurettin Yayl Ümmühan Ocak Mira Ocak 《Journal of heterocyclic chemistry》2019,56(9):2612-2618
Anion sensor properties of N‐alkyl‐substituted 1,4′‐diazaflavonium bromides in methanol–water were evaluated by UV–vis spectrometry. Pronounced changes were observed in the absorption spectra of all compounds for only OH?, CO32?, and CN? among F?, Cl?, Br?, I?, OH?, CO32?, NO3?, PO43?, CN?, SO42?, HSO4?, HCO3?, SCN?, NO2?, and P2O72? ions. Two new absorption bands at 385 and 685 nm accompanying the distinct color change for OH?, CO32?, and CN? ions were observed in case of all compounds. The color changes were from pink to blue for CO32? and OH? ions and from pink to purple for CN? ion. Thanks to the distinct color change, the compounds can be used as selective colorimetric anion sensors. Linear changes of absorbance of N‐heptyl‐substituted compound at 385 nm as a function of the ion concentration were used to determine CN? ion in water samples. Detection and quantification limits of the proposed method were 0.94 and 2.82 mg/L, respectively. 相似文献
109.
Tapas Debsharma Yusuf Yagci Helmut Schlaad 《Angewandte Chemie (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2019,131(51):18663-18666
The unsaturated bicyclic acetal levoglucosenyl methyl ether was readily obtained from sustainable feedstock (cellulose) and polymerized by cationic ring‐opening polymerization to produce a semicrystalline thermoplastic unsaturated polyacetal with relatively high apparent molar mass (up to ca. 36 kg mol?1) and decent dispersity (ca. 1.4). The double bonds along the chain can undergo hydrogenation and thiol–ene reactions as well as crosslinking, thus making this polyacetal potentially interesting as a reactive functional material. 相似文献
110.
Furkan Burak Şen Yavuz Selim Aşçı Burcu Bekdeşer Reşat Apak 《Analytical letters》2019,52(17):2751-2763
AbstractThe recovery of antioxidants from basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) was modeled with the aid of response surface methodology (RSM) using microwave-assisted extraction (MAE). Face-centered central design (FCCD) was employed to optimize the MAE operational parameters including the extraction time (1 to 7?min), extraction temperature (30 to 120?°C), solid-to-solvent ratio (0.1 to 0.4), and solvent concentration (20 to 80% ethanol, v/v), and to obtain the best possible combinations of these parameters for a high antioxidant yield from basil. The total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was expressed in trolox (TR) equivalents per gram of dried sample (DS). Three of the operational parameters (temperature, extraction time and solvent concentration) were shown to have significant effect on the extraction efficiency of antioxidants in basil extracts (p?<?0.05). The solvent concentration was shown to be the most significant factor on antioxidant yield obtained by MAE. There was a close relationship between experimental and predicted values using the proposed method. This optimized MAE method shows an application potential for the efficient extraction of antioxidants from basil in the food and pharmaceutical industries. 相似文献