Zincophilic Interfacial Manipulation against Dendrite Growth and Side Reactions for Stable Zn Metal Anodes

Constructing multifunctional interphases to suppress the rampant Zn dendrite growth and detrimental side reactions is crucial for Zn anodes. Herein, a phytic acid (PA)-ZnAl coordination compound is demonstrated as a versatile interphase layer to stabilize Zn anodes. The zincophilic PA-ZnAl layer can manipulate Zn²⁺ flux and promote rapid desolvation kinetics, ensuring the uniform Zn deposition with dendrite-free morphology. Moreover, the robust PA-ZnAl protective layer can effectively inhibit the hydrogen evolution reaction and formation of byproducts, further contributing to the reversible Zn plating/stripping with high Coulombic efficiency. As a result, the Zn@PA-ZnAl electrode shows a lower Zn nucleation overpotential and higher Zn²⁺ transference number compared with bare Zn. The Zn@PA-ZnAl symmetric cell exhibits a prolonged lifespan of 650 h tested at 5 mA cm⁻² and 5 mAh cm⁻². Furthermore, the assembled Zn battery full cell based on this Zn@PA-ZnAl anode also delivers decent cycling stability even under harsh conditions.     

尺度缩小合成孔径激光成像雷达的孔径合成实验

设计了一种尺度缩小的合成孔径激光成像雷达(SAIL),在实验室平台上模拟实施远场传输条件,相应地解决了波前测量和外差质量监视技术,实现了一个目标点的方位向孔径合成实验,实验结果与理论预测相近.     

Estimation of Feeding Composition of Industrial Process Based on Data Reconciliation

For an industrial process, the estimation of feeding composition is important for analyzing production status and making control decisions. However, random errors or even gross ones inevitably contaminate the actual measurements. Feeding composition is conventionally obtained via discrete and low-rate artificial testing. To address these problems, a feeding composition estimation approach based on data reconciliation procedure is developed. To improve the variable accuracy, a novel robust M-estimator is first proposed. Then, an iterative robust hierarchical data reconciliation and estimation strategy is applied to estimate the feeding composition. The feasibility and effectiveness of the estimation approach are verified on a fluidized bed roaster. The proposed M-estimator showed better overall performance.     

Periodic quenching modulated quantum phase transitions in transverse XY spin-chains

The European Physical Journal D - Bent crystals are a compact and versatile tool to manipulate ultra-relativistic particle beams in accelerators. Indeed, the unrivaled steering power achievable...     

Analysis of lateral-spread photorefractive planar lenses

The photorefractive planar lens for converting a vertical incident plane wave to a lateral-spread spherical wave and vice versa, is suggested. Using the two-beam coupled-wave theory, the coupled wave equations are derived and their half-analytical solutions are also given in terms of an infinite series. The diffraction properties (beam profiles, diffraction efficiency) of the local volume grating in the lens are presented. And the focusing property of the lens is discussed and compared with that of an ideal convergent spherical wave. It is demonstrated that the suggested photorefractive planar lens shows a good focusing effect.     

强激光能源系统的Marx触发器

针对强激光能源系统对Marx触发器的输出性能和可靠性要求,介绍了一种六级的Marx触发器。通过采用多级低电感脉冲形成电路获得了高幅值、陡前沿的输出脉冲,运用实验与概率分析相结合的方法,确定了它的工作参数。实验研究结果表明:这种Marx触发器的误触发率和触发气体开关成功率均符合两参数的威布尔概率分布;当欠压比为65%、工作电压为13.5 kV、工作气压（绝压）为0.35 MPa时,能输出幅值120 kV、前沿20 ns的电压脉冲;该触发器能同时满足误触发率低于0.000 1%,正常触发成功率高于99.999 9%的技术要求。经过长时间现场运行测试,Marx触发器工作良好,无异常现象。     

Surface modification of poly(styrene-b-(ethylene-co-butylene)-b-styrene) elastomer via photo-initiated graft polymerization of poly(ethylene glycol)

Poly(styrene-b-(ethylene-co-butylene)-b-styrene) (SEBS) copolymer biomedical elastomer was covalently grafted with poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (PEGMA) via a photo-initiated graft polymerization technique. The surface graft polymerization of SEBS with PEGMA was verified by ATR-FTIR and XPS. Effect of graft polymerization parameters, i.e., monomer concentration, UV irradiation time and initiator concentration on the grafting density was investigated. Comparing with the virgin SEBS film, the PEGMA-modified SEBS film presented an enhanced wettability and a larger surface energy. Besides, the surface grafting of PEGMA imparted excellent anti-platelet adhesion and anti-protein adsorption to the SEBS surface.     

Design for broadband high-efficiency grating couplers

In this Letter, we propose general optimization methods to design broadband high-efficiency grating couplers for planar waveguides. We attribute the coupling bandwidth to the mismatch of effective indices between the diffracted beam and the actual grating structure around the operation wavelength for fiber to waveguide excitation. The coupling bandwidth formula is deduced. A simple parameter-separate optimization procedure is proposed for general layered grating couplers for high coupling efficiency. Using our principle, we optimized a grating coupler for a horizontal slot waveguide operating at wavelength 1.55 μm for TM polarization. The grating coupler has 1 dB bandwidth of 60 nm and coupling efficiency of 65% with incident light from single-mode optical fiber (SMF) at 8°.     

锑烯吸附金属Li原子的密度泛函研究

锑烯(antimonene)是继石墨烯和磷烯之后出现的新型二维材料,在锂离子电池等领域受到关注.本文基于第一性原理的密度泛函理论,计算研究了锑烯对Li原子的吸附特性,包括Li原子的最稳定吸附构型、吸附密度以及吸附Li原子的扩散路径.结果表明:Li原子最稳定的吸附位置位于谷位,即底层Sb原子之上、顶层三个Sb原子中心位置,吸附能为1.69 eV,吸附距离为2.81?;能带计算发现,锑烯为带隙宽度1.08 eV的间接带隙半导体,吸附Li原子后费米能级上升进入导带,呈现出金属性;原子分波态密度分析发现, Sb原子的p电子态和Li原子的p和s电子态形成明显的共振交叠,表现出杂化成键的特征;随着吸附Li原子数量增加,锑烯晶格结构和电子结构发生较大变化.通过微动弹性带方法计算发现, Li原子在锑烯表面的扩散势垒为0.07 eV,较小的势垒高度有利于快速充放电过程.