Lagrangian approach for dark soliton in nonlocal nonlinear media

We theoretically investigate the dynamics of dark solitons as well as their interaction in nonlocal media. Approximate equations describing the evolution of the beams are obtained via suitable trial functions of amplitude u and refractive index n in an averaged Lagrangian. Our results reveal that out-of-phase dark solitons can evolve into stable bound states in nonlocal materials. Moreover, it is found that the separations in the bound state monotonically increase with the degree of nonlocality in nonlocal limit. These results are in excellent agreement with the numerical simulations.     

New Coherent States for the BDS-Hamiltonian

In the paper we construct a new set of coherent states for a deformed Hamiltonian of the harmonic oscillator, previously introduced by Beckers, Debergh, and Szafraniec, which we have called the BDS-Hamiltonian. This Hamiltonian depends on the new creation operator a ⁺, i.e. the usual creation operator displaced with the real quantity . In order to construct the coherent states, we use a new measure in the Hilbert space of the Hamiltonian eigenstates, in fact we change the inner product. This ansatz assures that the set of eigenstates be orthonormalized and complete. In the new inner product space the BDS-Hamiltonian is self-adjoint. Using these coherent states, we construct the corresponding density operator and we find the P-distribution function of the unnormalized density operator of the BDS-Hamiltonian. Also, we calculate some thermal averages related to the BDS-oscillators system which obey the quantum canonical distribution conditions.     

Interaction of intense laser pulses with hydrogen atomic clusters

The interaction between intense femtosecond laser pulses and hydrogen atomic clusters is studied by a simplified Coulomb explosion model. The dependences of average proton kinetic energy on cluster size, pulse duration, laser intensity and wavelength are studied respectively. The calculated results indicate that the irradiation of a femtosecond laser of longer wavelength on hydrogen atomic clusters may be a simple, economical way to produce highly kinetic hydrogen ions. The phenomenon suggests that the irradiation of femtosecond laser of longer wavelength on deuterium atomic clusters may be easier than that of shorter wavelength to drive nuclear fusion reactions. The product of the laser intensity and the squared laser wavelength needed to make proton energy saturated as a function of the squared cluster radius is also investigated. The proton energy distribution calculated is also shown and compared with the experimental data. Our results are in agreement with the experimental results fairly well.     

Field—ion microscopy observation of single—walled carbon nanotubes

Field-ion microscopy(FIM),a tool for surface analysis with atomic resolution,has been employed to observe the end structure of single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWCNTs).FIM images revealed the existence of open SWCNT ends,Amorphous carbon atoms were also observed to occur around SWCNTs and traditional field evaporation failed to remove them.Heat treatment was found to be efficacious in altering the end structures of SWCNT bundles.Carbon and oxygen atoms released from heated tungsten filament are believed to be responsible for the decoration imposed on the SWCNT ends.     

Atomic force microscopy investigation of growth process of organic TCNQ aggregates on SiO2 and mica substrates

<正>Deposition patterns of tetracyanoquinodimethane(TCNQ) molecules on different surfaces are investigated by atomic force microscopy.A homemade physical vapour deposition system allows the better control of molecule deposition. Taking advantage of this system,we investigate TCNQ thin film growth on both SiO_2 and mica surfaces.It is found that dense island patterns form at a high deposition rate,and a unique seahorse-like pattern forms at a low deposition rate.Growth patterns on different substrates suggest that the fractal pattern formation is dominated by molecule-molecule interaction.Finally,a phenomenal "two-branch" model is proposed to simulate the growth process of the seahorse pattern.     

δ势垒对多臂量子环中持续电流的影响

提出了中臂弯曲的多臂量子环模型,且是上臂最短和下臂最长的不等臂量子环.研究发现：总磁通为零时,持续电流随半导体环增大发生非周期性振荡,并与电极的磁矩方向及隧穿电子的自旋方向相关,下臂因为最长而获得最小的平均持续电流.AB磁通增强时,持续电流会发生周期性振荡,各臂之间明显出现相互制约的现象.各臂持续电流之间的差异与臂长和磁通分布相关,Rashba自旋轨道耦合具有改变持续电流相位和相位差的效应.在一定条件下,两种波函数所对应的持续电流是可分离的.     

A phase field model for vesicle–substrate adhesion

In this paper, a phase field model is developed for vesicle adhesion involving complex substrate and vesicle geometries. The model takes into account an adhesion potential that depends on the distance of vesicle to the substrate. A variational problem is solved in a 3D computational domain by minimizing the contribution of bending elastic energy and the adhesion energy under the constraints of total surface area and volume, described via a phase function. An adaptive finite element method is used to efficiently compute the numerical solutions of the model. The computational results are validated through comparison of several axisymmetric shapes with the sharp-interface ODE solution. Moreover, we compute shapes for non-axisymmetric situations to support the observation that concave substrates favor adhesion.     

A roe-average algorithm for a granular-gas model with non-conservative terms

A Roe-average algorithm has been derived for a granular-gas model, proposed by Goldshtein and Shapiro [Goldshtein, Shapiro, Mechanics of collisional motion of granular materials: Part 1. General hydrodynamic equations, J. Fluid Mech. 282 (1995) 75–114], which contains non-conservative terms in the Euler-like hyperbolic governing equations apart from sink terms, which arise from inelastic collision of granules and are present only in the energy equation. The non-conservative terms introduce non-isentropic effects in acoustic-wave propagation within granular media and they also contribute to the Rankine–Hugoniot relations across a discontinuity. A Roe-average algorithm, based on the same granular-gas model, was derived in the literature [V. Kamenetsky, A. Goldshtein, M. Shapiro, D. Degani, Evolution of a shock wave in a granular gas, Phys. Fluids, 12 (2000) 3036–3049] which then required the implementation of a shock-fitting technique at a discontinuity. In the present work, Roe-averaged variables have been obtained from the Rankine–Hugoniot jump relations and the non-conservative terms have been incorporated in the numerical flux formula consistent with upwind principles associated with the granular speed of sound. Results for unsteady one-dimensional granular flows, colliding with a wall, demonstrate the capability of the proposed algorithm to capture strong shocks in addition to flow features not found in molecular gases, such as a fluidized region downstream of the shock and a compacted solid-block region adjacent to the wall.     

混沌时间序列的局域高阶Volterra滤波器多步预测模型

依据相空间邻近轨道演化相似性特点建立训练模式,提出了基于自适应高阶非线性Volterra滤波器（HONFIR）的混沌时间序列多步预测模型（MSP-HONFIR）;通过定义距离相似度、趋势相似度来衡量轨道演化相似度,提出了混沌吸引子邻近轨道判别的新方法;从模型训练充分性角度出发探讨了MSP-HONFIR滤波器模型训练集规模控制的依据.数值研究表明MSP-HONFIR滤波器模型的多步预测性能优于原有HONFIR滤波器模型. 关键词： 混沌 非线性自适应预测 Volterra滤波器模型 训练模式     

利用Hyperion数据进行环境星HSI红边参数真实性检验

针对我国新发射运行的HJ-1A星HSI数据,利用高光谱分辨率的Hyperion数据进行了HJ-1A星HSI的光谱模拟,提取了红谷位置、红边位置、红边斜率和红边振幅等4个主要的红边参数,对真实与模拟环境星HSI数据的红边参数进行了对比分析,从而以Hyperion数据为参照检验了环境星HSI红边参数的真实性。研究结果显示,环境星HSI与模拟HSI的红边范围光谱反射率平均相关系数为0.946,标准差为0.011,为极显著相关,两种数据在红边范围内的光谱反射率变化高度一致;4个红边参数的相关系数分别为0.414,0.543,0.808和0.802,并且随植被覆盖度的变化呈现出明显的规律性,模拟与真实红边参数差值标准差分别为5.75,1.86,5.7e-4和0.024,认为环境星HSI的红边参数可以较好反映该区域植被变化所造成的红边光谱特征差异。