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151.
152.
153.
Ion irradiation effects on improvement of flux-pinning properties for quenched and melt growth YBCO samples (QMG-materials)
were studied. Irradiation with 16MeV protons was performed up to a dose of 1×1016 p/cm2. The effective activation energies of vortices are expressed with the formula, Ueff=g(T)h(H)f(J) ∝ (J/Jc)−∝* [1-(T/Tx)2]2/3*H−1/3 at lower irradiation doses below 5×1015 p/cm2. The J-dependence of Ueff changes from power-law to quesi-exponential dependence with an increment of irradiation dose. 相似文献
154.
Zirconia based oxide ion conductors for solid oxide fuel cells 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
O. Yamamoto Y. Arachi H. Sakai Y. Takeda N. Imanishi Y. Mizutani M. Kawai Y. Nakamura 《Ionics》1998,4(5-6):403-408
The electrical conductivity in the ZrO2-Ln2O3 and ZrO2-MO2-Ln2O3(M = Hf, Ce, Ln = lanthanides) systems has been examined.The highest conductivity of 0.3 S/cm at 1000 °C was found in the
ZrO2-Sc2O3 system. The addition of MO2 into the ZrO2-Ln2O3(Ln = Sc, Y, Yb) systems showed the conductivity decreasing. The conduction mechanism in the zirconia based oxide ion conductors
was discussed in view of the dopant ionic radius. The aging effect of the conductivity in the ZrO2-Ln2O3 systems has been measured in a temperature rang 800–1000 °C. ZrO2 with a high content of Ln2O3 showed no significant conductivity degradation.
Paper presented at the 97th Xiangshan Science Conference on New Solid State Fuel Cells, Xiangshan, Beijing, China, June 14–17,
1998. 相似文献
155.
Yukio Inoue Hirokazu Hori Takeki Sakurai Yukiko Tokitomo Junko Saito Taku Misonou 《Optical Review》2002,9(2):75-80
Optical properties of an ultraviolet-absorbing substance (UVAS) extracted from the marine red alga, Porphyra yezoensis, have been investigated. The substance is excited by UV light, and the emitted fluorescence is detected using an intelligent fluorescence detector. The fluorescence of UVAS is weaker by four orders of magnitude than the fluorescence intensity emitted by anthracene in the same optical system. The absorbed energy is apparently not transferred to the photosynthesis process and is believed to be consumed as heat. Using photothermal spectroscopy, a signal is observed indicating that the absorbed photon energy has transferred to the heat. The waveform of the photothermal signal of UVAS is similar to that of quinoxaline, whose fluorescence quantum yield is known to be zero. It is determined that the fluorescence quantum yield and the energy of the triplet state of UVAS are 1.7 ± 0.7 ± 10−4 and 21000 ± 1000 cm −1, respectively. The conclusion is that the excited molecules of UVAS decay by passing through the triplet state and dissipate all absorbed energy as heat. 相似文献
156.
An analytical model to estimate longitudinal traction of a tire in snow was developed and verified to have good predictability in comparison with measurements. Snow traction of a tire is composed of four kinds of forces in this model: braking force attributable to snow compression, shear force of snow in void (space between tread blocks), frictional force, and digging force (edge effect generated by sipes and blocks). The mechanical characteristics of snow were considered in the prediction of braking force and shear force, but were not considered in the prediction of other forces. The contribution of shear force of snow in void and the frictional force was large in static traction (traction just before a tire slips). On the other hand, the contributions of digging force and frictional force were large in situations involving high slip ratios. 相似文献
157.
158.
Transition moment directions for the double-bond region vibrations of uracil, thymine and cytosine are calculated using the fixed partial charge model approximation. The coupling between the two carbonyl bonds and the carbon—carbon double bond in uracil and thymine is sensitive to the choice of the corresponding stretching force constants. The transition moment directions are correspondingly changed, thus, in principle, enabling the quantitative determination of coupling between the vibrations from linear dichroism measurements. 相似文献
159.
160.
Yukio Shimizu Burnaby Munson 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》1979,17(7):1991-2001
Pyrolysis/mass spectrometric studies have been made on polystyrene, poly(vinyl chloride), and poly(methyl methacrylate) with electron ionization (EI) and chemical ionization (CI) mass spectrometry and a variable temperature probe for direct insertion into the source of the mass spectrometer. Similar results obtained with EI and CI mass spectrometry are in agreement with previous experiments. Advantages of the simplification of spectra in the CI made, as well as the advantages of using both techniques for identification of pyrolysis products, are discussed. 相似文献