Correlation between Al2O3 particles and interface of Al-Al2O3 coatings by cold spray

Al-Al₂O₃ composite coatings with different Al₂O₃ particle shapes were prepared on Si and Al substrate by cold spray. The powder compositions of metal (Al) and ceramic (Al₂O₃) having different sizes and agglomerations were varied into ratios of 10:1 wt% and 1:1 wt%. Al₂O₃ particles were successfully incorporated into the soft metal matrix of Al. It was found that crater formation between the coatings and substrate, which is typical characteristic signature of cold spray could be affected by initial starting Al₂O₃ particles. In addition, when the large hard particles of fused Al₂O₃ were employed, the deep and big craters were generated at the interface between coatings and hard substrates. In the case of pure soft metal coating such as Al on hard substrate, it is very hard to get proper adhesion due to lack of crater formation. Therefore, the composite coating would have certain advantages.     

Synthesis of MgAl2O4 Spinel Nanometer Powder via Biology Polysaccharide Assisted Sol-Gel Process

A novel and cost-effective sol-gel process for preparation of MgAl₂O₄ spinel nanometer powders has been developed in this study. A solution of magnesium and aluminum nitrates in stoichiometric proportion was successfully embraced in the biology polysaccharide gel network, formed by the synergistic interaction between xanthan gum (XG) and locust bean gum (LBG) utilizing their broad-spectrum stability of salt tolerance and character of transformation from sol to gel on the condition of proper temperature and relative proportion of polymeric components. Dry gel could be obtained by vacuum dehydration of aqueous gel at low temperatures. Monolithic MgAl₂O₄ spinel nanometer powders were produced by calcining the dry gel above 800°C, with average crystallite size of 20 nanometers.     

Tokamak Experiment and Tokamak Engineering——Development of the Plasma Diagnostics on HL-2A Tokamak

The main mission the HL-2A tokamak is of the experiments on to explore the divertor physics and to investigate the plasma confinement, transport and instabilities with high power auxiliary heating and advanced fuelling, it is necessary to develop more new diagnostics and increase the spatial and temporal resolutions of the measurements for exist system. Up to now, about 30 diagnostic systems have been moved from HL-1M to HL-2A tokamak. Other 10 diagnostic systems are being designed and installed on the device. In developed in last 2 years, will be presented.     

Penta-Coordinate Phosphorus Intermediates Analysis on Phospho-related Proteins

In this paper, based on known crystal structures of square pyramid （SP） and trigonal bipyramid （TBP） penta coordinated phosphorus compounds containing amino acid side chains, such as amino, carboxyl, hydroxyl or thiol, a software for survey the P（5）-structure of phosphorylated proteins was derived. By this software, it was found that 382 of 398 phosphorus related kinases （96%） from current PDB could go through the penta-coordinated phosphorus transition state or intermediate.     

The modified characteristic finite difference fractional steps method for the coupled system of fluid dynamics in porous media and its analysis

For the coupled system of multilayer fluid dynamics in porous media, the modified characteristic finite difference fractional steps method applicable to parallel arithmetic is put forward and two‐dimensional and three‐dimensional schemes are used to form a complete set. Some techniques, such as calculus of variations, energy method, piecewise biquadratic interpolation, multiplicative commutation rule of difference operators, decomposition of high order difference operators and prior estimates are adopted. Optimal order estimates in L² norm are derived to determine the error in the approximate solution. This method has already been applied to the numerical simulation of multilayer fluid dynamics in porous media. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq 19: 665–681, 2003.     

Enhancement of Overall Photovoltaic Efficiency by Changing the Position of the Attaching Group -RSO3- on the Hemicyanine Dye Molecules

A new photoresponsive D-π-A dye, mPS, has been designed and synthesized.Compared to the parent dye PS, IPCE values in the region from 400 nm to 560 nm was greatly improved upon changing the attaching group from the p- position to the o- position of the π-conjugation bridge. A solar cell based on mPS generated a remarkably high overall yield η of 5.4% under irradiation of 80.0 mW cm^-2 white light from a Xe lamp, Compared with PS, the overall yield η increased by 64%.     

Active control and a simple estimation method for the onset of Rayleigh-Bénard convection in temperature-dependent-viscosity liquids

Active feedback control for the onset of Rayleigh-Bénard Convection in temperature-dependent-viscosity liquids is investigated. In this paper, three major problems are addressed: (1) The results of Tang-Bau control are improved by considering the effects of temperature-dependent viscosity; (2) A more efficient two-plate control strategy is presented. A phenomenon of coalescence of the unstable modes is observed as the controller gain is large enough; (3) A simple way to estimate the critical Rayleigh number under the effects of temperature-dependent viscosity is described. Numerical results show that the effects of temperature-dependent viscosity on the critical Rayleigh number should be taken into account in some cases and the onset of Rayleigh-Bénard convection can be effectively delayed or advanced by the active feedback control strategies studied here.     

First observation of yrast band in odd-odd162Lu

High spin states of the odd-odd¹⁶²Lu nucleus have been studied via¹⁴⁷Sm(¹⁹F,4nγ)¹⁶²Lu reaction at 95 MeV beam energy. Level scheme for yrast band based onπ[h_11/2 v[i_13/2] quasiparticle configuration was established up to I ^π = (23^?) for the first time. This band shows the signature inversion in energy before backbending generally appeared in this mass region. It is stressed that the signature splitting in¹⁶²Lu is larger than that in the¹⁶⁰Tm nucleus.     

COMPLETE EIGEN-SOLUTIONS FOR ANTI-PLANE NOTCHES WITH MULTI-MATERIALS BY SUPER-INVERSE ITERATION

In this paper,the super-inverse iterative method is proposed to compute the accurateand complete eigen-solutions for anti-plane cracks/notches with multi-materials,arbitrary opening an-gles and various surface conditions.Taking the advantage of the knowledge of the variation forms ofthe eigen-functions,a series of numerical techniques are proposed to simplify the computation andspeed up the convergence rate of the inverse iteration.A number of numerical examples are given todemonstrate the excellent accuracy,efficiency and reliability of the proposed approach.     

四个麦芽品质性状的杂种优势和相关分析

本文对四个主要麦芽品质性状—a一淀粉酶活力、麦芽汁粘度、麦芽汁色度和搪化力进行了杂种优势和相关分析.(1)相对优势结果表明，在84个组合次中，呈正向优势的46个，占54.76男，负向优势34个，占40.48男，无显性4个，占4.75男;(2)四个品质性状的中亲优势平均值分别为一6.117、一9.965 40.452和一。.545s a-淀粉酶活力和糖化力的超高亲优势分别为一14.578和一8.201,麦芽汁粘度和色度的超低亲优势分别为5.442和70.455.四个性状杂种优势的变异系数均很大.(3)麦芽汁色度的F，对MP的回归系数(B)和相关系数(r)均达显著水平，分别为。..43和0.50，麦芽汁粘度的相关系数达显著水平，为一。.45,其余均未达显著水平，(4)除麦芽汁色度性状外，另三个性状的中亲优势、超亲优势和特殊配合力的相关均达显著或极显著水平.(5)四个麦芽品质性状间的相关结果表明，仅有a-淀粉酶活力和麦芽汁粘度间呈极显著负相关(r=一0.56').最后，文章根据实验结果，就啤酒大麦麦芽品质改良的遗传育种及其杂种优势应用进行了初步讨论.