纳米硅量子线的发现与研究

一维纳米材料是当今介观物理学研究的前沿领域．文章报道了一种利用脉冲激光成功地制备纯度高、直径分布均匀的纳米硅量子线（ＳｉＮＷｓ）的方法，介绍了纳米量子线的形貌、显微结构、生长机理和物理性能研究的最新结果．纳米硅量子线的发现具有重要的科学意义和潜在的应用前景．     

形变谐振子相干态及其对SUq（3）的应用

该文讨论了形变诺振子相干态的一些有意义的性质，利用量子代数SUq（3）的形变谐振子实现，构造了SU3（q）在玻色、费米两种情况下的相干态．     

Role of stationary photon statistics in a high-Q cavity mode while it is exciting the active laser medium

It has been shown by Yu. M. Golubev, M. I. Kolobov, and I. V. Sokolov, Zh. éksp. Teor. Fiz. 111, 1579 (1997) [JETP 84, 864 (1997)], that when an optical cavity is excited by external radiation from a sub-Poisson laser the cavity mode may be in either a sub-Poisson or a Poisson stationary state. This is not important for a resonant medium which is excited into the upper laser level while interacting with this mode inside the cavity. The degree of regularity of the excitation will be identical to that of the initial light flux incident on the cavity, and this ultimately ensures the same sub-Poisson lasing as for strictly regular pumping of the resonant medium. Zh. éksp. Teor. Fiz. 113, 1223–1234 (April 1998)     

多重积分Nash平衡点的Lipschitz估计

设F（p，q）和G（p，q）在无穷远点的邻域内是分别关于p和q的近似凸函数，且具有二次增长．考虑由F和G构成的一对定义在Soblev空间中的泛函．本文利用blowup技巧，证明了这样一对泛函的Nash平衡点实际上是Lipschitz连续的．     

Positron annihilation in polycrystalline metals

The empirical relation θ _p ⁶ /I _p=aK (where θ _p is the limiting angle of the parabolic component in the angular distributions of annihilation photons in metals, I _p is the integrated contribution of this component, K=1, 2, 3, ... is an integer, and a is a constant independent of the type of metal) observed earlier has been tested on magnesium, aluminum, copper, zinc, lead, and bismuth samples. The validity of this relation has been substantiated. The value of the dimensionless constant a has been determined and was found to coincide within experimental error with the result obtained in previous measurements. It is shown that the value of K for the same metal but for different samples may be different. It is conjectured that this may be due to different defect concentrations in samples. Fiz. Tverd. Tela (St. Petersburg) 40, 600–602 (April 1998)     

On finite-dimensional approximation of solutions of ill-posed problems

We show that the modified method for finite-dimensional approximation of solutions of Fredholm integral equations of the first kind presented in this paper is more economical than traditional methods for finite-dimensional approximation. Institute of Mathematies, Ukrainian Academy of Science, Kiev. Translated from Ukrainskii Matematicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 49, No. 2, pp. 289–295, February, 1997.     

Membrane introduction mass spectrometry

An overview of membrane introduction mass spectrometry (MIMS) is presented and comparisons are made with other direct sample introduction techniques. Special attention is given to the unique advantages and the limitations of newer variants on the MIMS technique, including affinity MIMS, reverse-phase and trap MIMS. The salient features of the interfaces used in MIMS are summarized and the various membrane materials commonly used are delineated. The applicability of MIMS is illustrated via discussion of

1. (i) bioreactor monitoring (represented by yeast fermentation),

2. (ii) environmental monitoring (illustrated by analysis of contaminated ground water samples) and

3. (iii) on-line chemical reaction monitoring (exemplified by the photolysis of aryl esters).

The applicability of MIMS to the analysis of environmental samples, including complex mixtures in water, air and soil, is noted.