Anomalous proximity effect in d-wave superconductors

The anomalous proximity effect between a d-wave superconductor and a thin disordered normal layer is studied theoretically in the framework of Eilenberger equations. It is shown that disorder of the quasiparticle reflection from this thin layer leads to the formation of an s-wave component localized near the boundary. The angular and spatial structure of the pair potential near the interface is studied. Pis’ma Zh. éksp. Teor. Fiz. 67, No. 7, 478–483 (10 April 1998) Published in English in the original Russian journal. Edited by Steve Torstveit.     

Spatial solitons in Kerr and Kerr-like media

This is a review paper of basic knowledge and recent advances in the area of spatial solitons in Kerr and Kerr-like media. We consider spatial bright and dark solitons, solitons in waveguide geometries, optical bullets, vortex solitons and, briefly, dissipative cases. In our treatment, we use a Hamiltonian approach when considering stability issues.     

Space time-index plots for probing dynamical nonstationarity

We propose a simple method to efficiently probe dynamical nonstationarity in observed time series. In a space time-index plot, the density distributions as a function of normalized time-index are V-shaped due to nonstationarity. We show that this method is workable for short data sets and typical examples are illustrated.     

Adsorbate interactions of Cu(II) in Cu(II)-exchanged K-L gallosilicate studied by CW and Pulsed electron spin resonance

The interactions of Cu(II) in Cu(II)-exchanged K-L gallosilicate with adsorbates containing coordinative nitrogens in ammonia, pyridine, aniline, acetonitrile and hydrazine, and with the adsorbates carbon monoxide, benzene, propanol and dimethyl sulfoxide are investigated by electron spin resonance (ESR) and electron spin echo modulation (ESEM) spectroscopies. These results are compared with those in Cu(II)-exchanged K-L aluminosilicate and the differences are discussed. Adsorption of ammonia produces a complex containing four molecules of ammonia based on resolved nitrogen superhyperfine interaction. Upon equilibrium with pyridine, Cu(II) forms a complex containing four molecules of pyridine in CuK-L gallosilicate and a complex containing only three molecules of pyridine in CuK-L aluminosilicate based on resolved nitrogen superhyperfine. Upon adsorption of aniline and acetonitrile, Cu(II) forms complexes containing two molecules of each in CuK-L gallosilicate based on resolved nitrogen superhyperfine. However, no resolved nitrogen superhyperfine between hydrazine and Cu(II) is seen. Adsorption of carbon monoxide, benzene, propanol and dimethyl sulfoxide causes changes in the ESR spectrum of Cu(II), indicating migration of Cu(II) into cation positions in the main channels where adsorbate coordination can occur. Cu(II) forms complexes with one molecule of benzene and two molecules of propanol based on ESEM data in both K-L gallosilicate and K-L aluminosilicate. However, Cu(II) interacts directly with one dimethyl sulfoxide in K-L aluminosilicate but only indirectly at a longer distance with one dimethyl sulfoxide in K-L gallosilicate based on ESEM data.     

Optical detection of NO3 and NO2 in “pure” HNO3 vapor,the liquid-phase decomposition of HNO3

Flowing and static gas-phase samples of HNO₃ in O₂ and N₂ were analyzed by long-path ultraviolet/visible (UV/VIS) spectroscopy to reveal the presence of both NO₂ and NO₃, the concentrations of which were calculated using differential absorption cross sections. NO₂ is produced predominantly by the heterogeneous decomposition of HNO₃, whereas NO₃ is generated in the gas phase by the thermal decomposition of N₂O₅, a product of the self-disproportionation of liquid HNO₃. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

On Green's function for the Helmholtz equation in a wedge

It is found that, in the spherical coordinate system, the fundamental solution of the Helmholtz equation in a wedge satisfies the Sommerfeld radiation conditions at infinity uniformly in angle coordinates.Deceased.Translated from Ukrainskii Matematicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 45, No. 9, pp. 1312–1314, September, 1993.     

Measurement of cathode spot parameters with pulsed laserdiagnostics

The cathode spot formation in air within the first 170 ns was investigated by laser absorption photography and ps-pulse interferometry. The discharge was initiated between electrodes made from Ag or Pd with cathode-anode distance below 300 μm, the arc duration was some milliseconds, and the arc current 5-10 A. Picosecond holographic interferometry and momentary absorption photography yielded spatial-temporal density distributions in the ignition phase of the cathode spot. An absolute electron density value on the order of 4×10²⁶ m^-3 has been found. In contrast to vacuum, the cathode spot plasmas broaden little with increasing distance from the cathode, thus narrow plasma channels are observed in the vicinity of the cathode surface having diameters <20 μm