Robustness Evaluation of the Open Source Product Community Network Considering Different Influential Nodes

With the rapid development of Internet technology, the innovative value and importance of the open source product community (OSPC) is becoming increasingly significant. Ensuring high robustness is essential to the stable development of OSPC with open characteristics. In robustness analysis, degree and betweenness are traditionally used to evaluate the importance of nodes. However, these two indexes are disabled to comprehensively evaluate the influential nodes in the community network. Furthermore, influential users have many followers. The effect of irrational following behavior on network robustness is also worth investigating. To solve these problems, we built a typical OSPC network using a complex network modeling method, analyzed its structural characteristics and proposed an improved method to identify influential nodes by integrating the network topology characteristics indexes. We then proposed a model containing a variety of relevant node loss strategies to simulate the changes in robustness of the OSPC network. The results showed that the proposed method can better distinguish the influential nodes in the network. Furthermore, the network’s robustness will be greatly damaged under the node loss strategies considering the influential node loss (i.e., structural hole node loss and opinion leader node loss), and the following effect can greatly change the network robustness. The results verified the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed robustness analysis model and indexes.     

A Simplified Linearized Lattice Boltzmann Method for Acoustic Propagation Simulation

A simplified linearized lattice Boltzmann method (SLLBM) suitable for the simulation of acoustic waves propagation in fluids was proposed herein. Through Chapman–Enskog expansion analysis, the linearized lattice Boltzmann equation (LLBE) was first recovered to linearized macroscopic equations. Then, using the fractional-step calculation technique, the solution of these linearized equations was divided into two steps: a predictor step and corrector step. Next, the evolution of the perturbation distribution function was transformed into the evolution of the perturbation equilibrium distribution function using second-order interpolation approximation of the latter at other positions and times to represent the nonequilibrium part of the former; additionally, the calculation formulas of SLLBM were deduced. SLLBM inherits the advantages of the linearized lattice Boltzmann method (LLBM), calculating acoustic disturbance and the mean flow separately so that macroscopic variables of the mean flow do not affect the calculation of acoustic disturbance. At the same time, it has other advantages: the calculation process is simpler, and the cost of computing memory is reduced. In addition, to simulate the acoustic scattering problem caused by the acoustic waves encountering objects, the immersed boundary method (IBM) and SLLBM were further combined so that the method can simulate the influence of complex geometries. Several cases were used to validate the feasibility of SLLBM for simulation of acoustic wave propagation under the mean flow.     

Indigenous Saccharomyces cerevisiae Could Better Adapt to the Physicochemical Conditions and Natural Microbial Ecology of Prince Grape Must Compared with Commercial Saccharomyces cerevisiae FX10

Indigenous Saccharomyces cerevisiae, as a new and useful tool, can be used in fermentation to enhance the aroma characteristic qualities of the wine-production region. In this study, we used indigenous S. cerevisiae L59 and commercial S. cerevisiae FX10 to ferment Prince (a new hybrid variety from Lion Winery) wine, detected the basic physicochemical parameters and the dynamic changes of fungal communities during fermentation, and analyzed the correlations between fungal communities and volatile compounds. The results showed that the indigenous S. cerevisiae L59 could quickly adapt to the specific physicochemical conditions and microbial ecology of the grape must, showing a strong potential for winemaking. Compared with commercial S. cerevisiae FX10, the wine fermented by indigenous S. cerevisiae L59 contained more glycerol and less organic acids, contributing to a rounder taste. The results of volatile compounds indicated that the indigenous S. cerevisiae L59 had a positive effect on adding rosy, honey, pineapple and other sweet aroma characteristics to the wine. Overall, the study we performed showed that selection of indigenous S. cerevisiae from the wine-producing region as a starter for wine fermentation is conducive to improving the aroma profile of wine and preserving the aroma of the grape variety.     

PdNi/Ni Nanotubes Assembled by Mesoporous Nanoparticles for Efficient Alkaline Ethanol Oxidation Reaction

The optimization of structure and composition is essential to improve the performance of catalysts. Herein, mesoporous nanoparticles assembled PdNi/Ni nanotubes (mPdNi/Ni NTs) are successfully fabricated using nickel nanowires as sacrificial template. The combination of nanotubular structure with mesoporous nanoparticle morphology can provide facilitated transfer channels and sufficient active sites, allowing the full contact and reaction between catalysts and reactants. Therefore, the synthesized mPdNi/Ni NTs exhibite superior ethanol oxidation performance to mesoporous Pd nanotubes and commercial Pd black. This study proposes a rational strategy for the development of nanoparticle assembled nanotubes with surface mesoporous morphology, which can greatly improve catalytic performance in various electrocatalytic fields.     

Access to pyridines via cascade nucleophilic addition reaction of 1,2,3-triazines with activated ketones or acetonitriles

We studied the cascade nucleophilic addition reactions of 1,2,3-triazines with activated acetonitriles or ketones,which were used to construct highly substituted pyridines that are not easily accessed by conventional methods.The strategy addressed some structural diversity issues currently facing medicinal chemistry,and the resulting pyridines could be used as convenient precursors for the synthesis of related pharmaceuticals.In particular,our method was applied to the syntheses of the marketed drug etoricoxib and several biologically important molecules in a few steps.     

Mulberry Ethanol Extract and Rutin Protect Alcohol-Damaged GES-1 Cells by Inhibiting the MAPK Pathway

Mulberry extract has been proven to have the effect of resisting alcohol damage, but its mechanism is still unclear. In this study, the composition of mulberry ethanol extract (MBE) was identified by LC-MS/MS and the main components of MBE were ascertained by measuring. Gastric mucosal epithelial (GES-1) cells were used to elucidate the mechanism of MBE and rutin (the central part of MBE) helped protect against alcohol damage. The results revealed that phenolics accounted for the majority of MBE, accounting for 308.6 mg/g gallic acid equivalents and 108 substances were identified, including 37 flavonoids and 50 non-flavonoids. The treatment of 400 μg/mL MBE and 320 μM rutin reduced early cell apoptosis and the content of intracellular reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde and increased glutathione. The qPCR results indicated that the MBE inhibits the expression of genes in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, including p38, JNK, ERK and caspase-3; rutin inhibits the expression of p38 and caspase-3. Overall, MBE was able to reduce the oxidative stress of GES-1 cells and regulated apoptosis-related genes of the MAPK pathway. This study provides information for developing anti-ethanol injury drugs or functional foods.     

Fluorescence properties of novel rare earth complexes using carboxyl-containing polyaryletherketones as macromolecular ligands

The fluorescence properties of a series of rare earth (Re³⁺ = Eu³⁺, Tb³⁺) polymeric complexes (PEK-Re³⁺-HLs) using three high-T_g novel carboxyl-containing polyaryletherketones (PEK) as macromolecular ligands and small molecules (HL) such as 1,10-phenanthroline (Phen), dibenzoylmethane (DBM) and 8-hydroxyquinoline (HQ) as co-ligands were investigated by means of fluorescence excitation and emission spectroscopy as well as fluorescence lifetime measurement methods. Among them, PEK-1-Re³⁺-Phens, in which the Re³⁺ ions were coordinated simultaneously with Phen and PEK-1 containing both carboxyl and bulky isopropyl groups on the polymer backbone, exhibited strong fluorescence intensities, long lifetimes, and good film-formation properties. The smooth films of PEK-1-Eu³⁺-Phen and PEK-1-Tb³⁺-Phen, cast from their DMF solutions, could emit bright red and green light under the UV lamp of 365 nm, respectively, which characteristics are of great significance for their potential applications in the large area display material fields. The excellent fluorescence properties of complexes in this study were attributed to the synergistic effects of PEK-1 ligand and Phen co-ligand. Especially, the rigid twisted structure and the bulky isopropyl substituents on PEK-1 backbone forced the coordinated rare earth ion moieties apart, and thus the probability of non-radiative decay rate of Re³⁺ ions at the excited levels were decreased to a large extent.     

Sargassum fusiforme Polysaccharide-Based Hydrogel Microspheres Enhance Crystal Violet Dye Adsorption Properties

In this study, a polysaccharide-based hydrogel microsphere (SFP/SA) was prepared using S. fusiforme polysaccharide (SFP) and sodium alginate (SA). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) demonstrated that SFP was effectively loaded onto the hydrogel microsphere. Texture profile analysis (TPA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) showed that, with the increase of SFP concentration, the hardness of SFP/SA decreased, while the springiness and cohesiveness of SFP/SA increased, and the thermal stability of SFP/SA improved. The equilibrium adsorption capacity of SFP/SA increased from 8.20 mg/g (without SFP) to 67.95 mg/g (SFP accounted 80%) without swelling, and from 35.05 mg/g (without SFP) to 81.98 mg/g (SFP accounted 80%) after 24 h swelling. The adsorption of crystal violet (CV) dye by SFP/SA followed pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order kinetics (both with R² > 0.99). The diffusion of intraparticle in CV dye was not the only influencing factor. Moreover, the adsorption of CV dye for SFP/SA (SFP accounted 60%) fit the Langmuir and Temkin isotherm models. SFP/SA exhibited good regenerative adsorption capacity. Its adsorption rate remained at > 97% at the 10th consecutive cycle while SFP accounted for 80%. The results showed that the addition of Sargassum fusiforme polysaccharide could increase the springiness, cohesiveness and thermal stability of the hydrogel microsphere, as well as improve the adsorption capacity of crystal violet dye.