The catalytic performance study of polymerized ionic liquid synthesized in different conditions on alkylation of o‐Xylene with styrene

In this work, a series of novel acidic polymerized ionic liquids were used as heterogeneous catalyst for alkylation of o‐Xylene with styrene. And the effect of the amount of initiator and the type of acid used for ion exchange on catalyst structure and the catalytic performance of catalysts for alkylation were studied thoroughly. The experiment results show: when the percentage of the amount of initiator in the total material is 3%, the polymerized ionic liquid catalyst MPM‐SO₃H‐[C₃V][SO₃CF₃] has the most uniform with a specific surface area of 97.30 m²/g and a pore volume of 0.35 cm³/g. Benefiting from the unique structure features, MPM‐SO₃H‐[C₃V][SO₃CF₃] manifested an excellent catalytic performance for alkylation of o‐Xylene with styrene, along with the conversion of styrene was 96.8% and the yield of 1‐Phenyl‐1‐ortho‐xylene ethane was 94.7%. Therefore, this work provides a novel reference to the synthesis of polymerized ionic liquids and clearly explains the advantage of novel acidic polymerized ionic liquids on alkylation.     

A pair of unprecedented cyclohexylethanoid enantiomers containing unusual trioxabicyclo[4.2.1]nonane ring from Clerodendrum bungei

A pair of unprecedented enantiomers (1a/1b) of cyclohexylethanoid bearing an unusual trioxabicyclo[4.2.1]nonane ring, along with two known structurally related cyclohexylethanoids, (+)-rengyolone (2) and cleroindicin E (3), were isolated from the aerial parts of Clerodendrum bungei. The structures and absolute configurations of the enantiomers were determined by comprehensive spectroscopic analysis, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and quantum mechanical calculation of the electronic circular dichroic (ECD) spectra. The postulated biogenetic pathway of 1a/1b was also discussed.     

质子水合结构的振动态密度分析

使用基于多态经验价键模型的分子动力学模拟, 对水溶液中质子的水合结构及其在质子传递过程中的动力学过程进行了研究. 在价键模型的方法下, 质子的水合结构主要以H₉O₄⁺(Eigen)以及过渡态的H₅O₂⁺(Zundel)结构形态存在, 且在这两种结构中以Eigen的形态表现明显. 通过对质子传递过程中不同水合结构的态密度频谱分析, 发现一个在2000~3000 cm^-1范围内的明显连续的宽吸收谱带, 主要归因于Eigen结构的贡献, 这些特征峰的出现与水合氢离子第一溶剂化层内的强氢键作用密切相关. 对于Zundel的结构, 在1760 cm^-1处出现一个较为明显的肩峰, 归属为质子传递模式的特征振动. 通过对质子水合结构态密度频谱的分析, 可望增强对于稀酸溶液红外光谱中的连续宽吸收带以及质子传递的微观动力学过程的理解.     

Characterization of Cr‐doped Sb2Te3 films and their application to phase‐change memory

Phase‐change memory (PCM) is regarded as one of the most promising candidates for the next‐generation nonvolatile memory. Its storage medium, phase‐change material, has attracted continuous exploration. Along the traditional GeTe–Sb₂Te₃ tie line, the binary compound Sb₂Te₃ is a high‐speed phase‐change material matrix. However, the low crystallization temperature prevents its practical application in PCM. Here, Cr is doped into Sb₂Te₃, called Cr–Sb₂Te₃ (CST), to improve the thermal stability. We find that, with increase of the Cr concentration, grains are obviously refined. However, all the CST films exhibit a single hexagonal phase as Sb₂Te₃ without phase separation. Also, the Cr helps to inhibit oxidation of Sb atoms. For the selected film CST_10.5, the resistance ratio between amorphous and crystalline states is more than two orders of magnitude; the temperature for 10‐year data retention is 120.8 °C, which indicates better thermal stability than GST and pure Sb₂Te₃. PCM cells based on CST_10.5 present small threshold current/voltage (4 μA/0.67 V). In addition, the cell can be operated by a low SET/RESET voltage pulse (1.1 V/2.4 V) with 50 ns width. Thus, Cr–Sb₂Te₃ with suitable composition is a promising novel phase‐change material used for PCM with high speed and good thermal stability performances. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

差示扫描量热法测定比沙可啶的纯度

建立差示扫描量热法测定比沙可啶原料药样品纯度的方法。考察了炉体气氛、升温速率、称样量3个因素对差示扫描量热法测定结果的影响,确定差示扫描量热法最佳实验条件:升温速率为2.0 K/min,称样量为2.0~4.0 mg,炉内气体为静态空气。差示扫描量热法测定比沙可啶样品纯度为99.86%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.02%(n=6),差示扫描量热法测定比沙可啶样品纯度值与HPLC测定结果具有良好的一致性。该方法可以快速、准确地测定比沙可啶化学纯度,为比沙可啶纯度测定提供了一种新的分析方法。     

Theoretical calculation on the substituent effect of strontium para-tetraphenyl porphyrins

Structural Chemistry - A series of strontium para-tetraphenyl porphyrins (SrTRPPs) with different electron property substituents (R?=?-NH2, -OCH3, -H, -F, -COOH, -NO2) on the...     

An Fe2+‐ and α‐Ketoglutarate‐Dependent Halogenase Acts on Nucleotide Substrates

While halogenated nucleosides are used as common anticancer and antiviral drugs, naturally occurring halogenated nucleosides are rare. Adechlorin (ade) is a 2′‐chloro nucleoside natural product first identified from Actinomadura sp. ATCC 39365. However, the installation of chlorine in the ade biosynthetic pathway remains elusive. Reported herein is a Fe²⁺‐α‐ketoglutarate halogenase AdeV that can install a chlorine atom at the C2′ position of 2′‐deoxyadenosine monophosphate to afford 2′‐chloro‐2′‐deoxyadenosine monophosphate. Furthermore, 2′,3′‐dideoxyadenosine‐5′‐monophosphate and 2′‐deoxyinosine‐5′‐monophosphate can also be converted, albeit 20‐fold and 2‐fold, respectively, less efficiently relative to the conversion of 2′‐deoxyadenosine monophosphate. AdeV represents the first example of a Fe²⁺‐α‐ketoglutarate‐dependent halogenase that converts nucleotides into chlorinated analogues.     

Instability analysis for semi-active control systems with semi-active inerters

Nonlinear Dynamics - In this paper, the instability of semi-active control systems caused by the utilization of semi-active inerters is analyzed. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the...     

四元数广义奇异值分解及其应用

This paper derives a theorem of generalized singular value decomposition of quaternion matrices(QGSVD),studies the solution of general quaternion matrix equation AXB-CYD=E,and obtains quaternionic Roth's theorem.This paper also suggestssufficient and necessary conditions for the existence and uniqueness of solutions and explicit forms of the solutions of the equation.     

基于改进格林元的压裂水平井动态分析方法

以建立高效的动态分析方法为出发点,以边单元作为求解点,改进传统的格林元方法,减少未知数和求解矩阵维度;并提出基于改进格林元的加密网格加密方法,保证考虑复杂裂缝网络的压裂水平井动态模拟的早期精度.退化模型与半解析解、数值模拟结果进行对比,验证本文基于加密网格的改进格林元方法的准确性和动态分析的高效性.最后进行动态响应的敏感性分析,结果表明：①格林元方法是一种高精度的动态模拟方法,将求解节点设置在网格的边上可以提高压裂水平井动态模拟的速度;②改进格林元方法的加密基于叠加原理,不需要通过插值近似,其求解精度高.在相同加密网格条件下,基于本文改进格林元方法的加密效果比有限差分加密效果更佳;③复杂裂缝导流能力、改造区渗透率提高倍数、改造区大小等参数对压裂水平井动态特征影响较大,在动态分析和参数反演时,应着重考虑这些因素的影响.