New search for processes violating the Pauli exclusion principle in sodium and in iodine

In this paper a new search for non-Paulian nuclear processes, i.e. processes normally forbidden by the Pauli Exclusion Principle (PEP), is presented. It has been carried out at the Gran Sasso National Laboratory of the INFN by means of the highly radiopure DAMA/LIBRA set-up (sensitive mass of about 250 kg highly radiopure NaI(Tl)). In particular, a new improved upper limit for the spontaneous non-Paulian emission rate of protons with energy E _p ≥ 10 MeV in ²³Na and ¹²⁷I has been obtained: 1.63 × 10⁻³³ s⁻¹ (90% C.L.). The corresponding limit on the relative strength (δ ²) for the searched non-Paulian transition is δ ²≲(3–4)×10⁻⁵⁵ (90% C.L.). Moreover, PEP-violating electron transitions in iodine atoms have also been investigated. Lifetimes shorter than 4.7×10³⁰ s are excluded at 90% C.L.; this allows us to derive the limit δ _e ²<1.28×10⁻⁴⁷ (90% C.L.). This latter limit can also be related to a possible finite size of the electron in composite models of quarks and leptons providing superficial violation of the PEP; the obtained upper limit on the electron size is r ₀<5.7×10⁻¹⁸ cm (energy scale of E≳3.5 TeV).     

Ultrasound-assisted extraction of three bufadienolides from Chinese medicine ChanSu

In this study, the application of ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) method was shown to be more efficient in extracting anti-tumor bufadienolides (bufalin, cinobufagin and resibufogenin) from important animal medicine of ChanSu than the maceration extraction (ME) and soxhlet extraction (SE) method. The effects of ultrasonic variables including extraction solvent, solvent concentration, solvent to solid ratio, ultrasound power, temperature, extraction time and particle size on the yields of three bufadienolides were investigated. The optimum extraction conditions found were: 70% (v/v) methanol solution, solvent to solid ratio of 10ml/g, ultrasound power of 125W, temperature of 20°C, extraction time of 20min and particle size of 60-80 mesh. The extraction yields of bufalin, cinobufagin and resibufogenin were 43.17±0.85, 52.58±1.12, 137.70±2.65mg/g, respectively. In order to achieve a similar yield as UAE, soxhlet extraction required 6h and maceration extraction required much longer time of 18h. The results indicated that UAE is an alternative method for extracting bufadienolides from ChanSu.     

Sensitivity enhancement of distributed polarization coupling detection in Hi-Bi fibers

The intensity and position of the coupling points in high birefringence(Hi-Bi)fibers can be detected effectively using distributed polarization coupling(DPC)detection.The detection sensitivity can decrease due to mechanical vibration disturbance and environment noise.Thus,a method based on empirical mode decomposition is proposed to detect weak mode coupling points.The simulation and experimental results illustrate that the proposed method can suppress the noise effectively and improve sensitivity significantly.The method can identify coupling points as weak as-60 dB embedded in noise automatically and effectively.The algorithm is applicable for DPC,and the experimental sensitivity is improved by 10 dB.     

Exploration of the sum of flexoelectric coef ficients of nematic liquid crystals

We present a theoretical calculation of the dependence of reflectivity Rpp of the improved fully leaky waveguide geometry,which comprises pyramid,matching fluid,and strongly anchored hybrid aligned nematic liquid crystal(NLC) cell on the internal angle.The calculation is based on the multi layer optical theory and the elastic theory of liquid crystals.For different sums of flexoelectric coefficients e11 and e33,the curve of Rpp moves a distance to the left or the right relative to the case of ignoring the flexoelectric effect and the distance of the movement varies with different flexoelectric coefficients.Consequently,the sum of flexoelectric coefficients can be explored by measuring the distance of the movement.     

Structure and properties of the surface alloy formed by irradiating a film/substrate system with a high-intensity electron beam

A film/substrate system has been treated with a submillisecond high-intensity electron beam. Examinations have shown that the electron-beam treatment of the film/substrate system resulted in alloying of the surface layer of the material throughout the melt which was accompanied by the formation of nanodimensional phases.     

电场中Eu原子电离阈移动的实验研究

提出了一种新方法, 精确确定了稀土Eu原子第一电离阈的位置. 先用脉冲电场对Eu原子的高激发Rydberg态进行延时场电离探测, 再通过反向静电场排除光电离和自电离等其他路径所产生的离子信号的干扰, 观察并研究了Eu原子第一电离阈随着电场移动的规律. 由此所确定的零场下第一电离阈的数值与采用其他方法所确定的文献值^{[1, 2]}相一致, 从而验证了该方法的可靠性.     

微重力下低温贮箱压力控制技术进展

针对微重力下低温贮箱压力升高的问题,简要介绍了几种常用的低温贮箱压力控制的方法及原理,讨论了它们各自存在的问题,并简要展望未来低温贮箱压力控制技术的发展方向。文章指出,未来研究重点在于将主动制冷与被动绝热相结合,实现零蒸发贮存的热转移技术。     

Approximate solution for the Klein Gordon-Schrdinger equation by the homotopy analysis method

The Homotopy analysis method is applied to obtain the approximate solution of the Klein--Gordon--Schr?dinger equation. The Homotopy analysis solutions of the Klein--Gordon--Schr?dinger equation contain an auxiliary parameter which provides a convenient way to control the convergence region and rate of the series solutions. Through errors analysis and numerical simulation, we can see the approximate solution is very close to the exact solution.     

Long-term carrier-envelope phase coherence

The carrier-envelope phase of the pulse train emitted by a 10-fs mode-locked laser has been stabilized such that carrier-envelope phase coherence is maintained for at least 150 s (measurement limited). The phase coherence time was measured independently of the feedback loop.     

Relationship between positron bulk lifetime and lattice constants-research on NaCl-type crystals

The positron lifetimes of some compounds with NaCl-type crystal structure are calculated with the method of atomic superposition approximation (ATSUP) based on the theories of local-density-approximation (LDA) and generalgradient-approximation (GGA).The systematical results are fitted to a curve as a function of lattice constants.The positron bulk lifetimes of some other compounds with NaCl-type crystal structure,which are deduced from the systematical results,are in agreement with the experimental results given in other literature.