Enantiomeric separations of four basic drugs containing N-alkyl groups by a RP-HPLC system using SBE-β-CD as chiral mobile phase additive

The chiral separations of four pharmaceutical racemates which contain N-alkyl groups were satisfactorily resolved using SBE-β-CD as a chiral mobile phase additive(CMPA)in a RP-HPLC system(the resolution is 2.701 for ondansetron hydrochloride,1.996 for sulpiride,1.293 for clenbuterol hydrochloride and 0.816 for omeprazole).In addition,the effects of different parameters such as CD type and CD concentration were investigated.The separation mechanism arises through the combination of several potential interactions,including electrostatic interactions as well as hydrogen bonding interactions and hydrophobic inclusion interactions,which allow for the SBE-β-CD–drug complexation with strong stereoselectivity and stability.The resolution also relates to the number and location of N atoms in the enantiomers.This method will be applicable to the isolation of various types of biologically important enantiomers containing N-alkyl groups.     

Absolute configuration of Buagafuran:An experimental and theoretical electronic circular dichroism study

Buagafuran is a novel drug candidate derived from natural product.Its absolute configuration has been confirmed by electronic circular dichroism combined with modern quantum-chemical calculation using time-dependent density functional theory.The predicted UV absorbance peak is underestimated by several nanometers compared with the experimental data.The applicability of empirical rule for the C=C-C-O system in Buagafuran has also been discussed.Our results show that electronic circular dichroism could be a useful tool for the absolute configuration assignment of chiral drugs,especially for the oily or semisolid substances,whose crystal structures are impossible to obtain.     

Understanding the Initial Decomposition Pathways of the n‐Alkane/Nitroalkane Binary Mixture

Addition of nitroalkanes into n‐alkanes can lower the activation barriers of free‐radical production and accelerate the decomposition of n‐alkanes at relatively low temperatures. Four initial decomposition mechanisms of the n‐butane/nitroethane binary mixture were proposed for the promoting effect and considered theoretically at the B3LYP, BB1K, BMK, MPW1K, and M06‐2X levels with MG3S basis set. Energetics above was compared to high‐level CBS‐QB3 and G4 calculations. Calculated results confirm the feasibility of the four initial decomposition pathways: (I) the C? NO₂ bond rupture of nitroethane to produce ethyl and ·NO₂, (II) HONO elimination from nitroethane followed by decomposition to ·OH and ·NO, (III) rearrangement of nitroethane to ethyl nitrite which further dissociates into CH₃CH₂O· and ·NO, and (IV) direct hydrogen‐abstraction of nitroethane with n‐butane.     

钙钛矿ABX3型材料的结构与性质调控

近年来,钙钛矿太阳能电池由于其效率高、制造成本低、工艺简单等特点受到广泛关注,成为目前太阳能电池领域的研究热点。在钙钛矿太阳能电池中,无机-有机杂化ABX₃材料非常重要。它既作为光吸收材料,同时又作为载流子传输材料,因此它的光电性质直接影响到太阳能电池的效率。本文综述了调控钙钛矿型无机有机金属卤化物ABX₃结构和性质的几种途径。     

基于半刚性二羧酸配体的两个三维镉（Ⅱ）配位聚合物

通过引入2个不同的氮杂环配体,得到了2个Cd（Ⅱ）配位聚合物[Cd（m-phda）（btbb）_0.5]_n（1）和[Cd（m-phda）（hbmb）_0.5]_n（2）（m-H₂phda=间苯二乙酸）,并对它们的结构进行了表征。结构分析表明配合物1是一个6-连接的pcu拓扑网络,拓扑符号为4¹²·6³。配合物2是一个5-连接的sqp拓扑网络,拓扑符号为（4⁴·6⁶）。另外,配合物1和2表现出较好的热稳定性和不同的荧光行为。     

季铵盐改性氧化石墨烯的制备及其性能研究

本论文采用改进的Hummers法制备了氧化石墨烯(GO),并将氧化石墨烯用十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵(1227)进行修饰,得到1227非共价改性的氧化石墨烯(GO-1227)。用拉曼光谱、漫反射红外光谱分析、X-射线光电子表面能谱技术表征了其化学结构;用X-射线衍射分析、扫描电子显微镜与透射电子显微镜观察了其剥离情况和微观形貌;分析了它们在不同溶剂中的分散性。结果表明,季铵盐改性后,1227阳离子通过静电作用插入到GO片层之间,使GO片层进一步剥离,且在极性较弱的有机溶剂中的溶解性增加。热失重分析表明,GO-1227的初始分解温度提高了约70℃。将GO-1227与聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯与苯乙烯的嵌段共聚物(PMMA-b-PS)凝胶聚电解质复合,制备了纳米复合凝胶聚合物电解质(NGPE),并用交流阻抗法测试其电性能,发现占聚电解质总质量2‰的GO-1227可以将其离子电导率提高8.6倍。     

含巯基/二硫键聚合物生物材料

含巯基/二硫键聚合物生物材料具有多种良好的性能,作为药物、基因等的释放载体在生物医学领域具有广泛的应用前景。随着基因工程和组织工程的发展,含巯基/二硫键聚合物生物材料的可生物降解性得到高度重视,而怎样改善其降解性能成为限制其应用的关键因素。由于二硫键在细胞外环境里保持稳定,在细胞溶质的还原环境中容易发生断裂,因此在制备新型基因、药物等释放载体上,二硫键充当了重要的角色,它的引入为聚合物生物材料的生物降解性能的设计与改善提供了一条重要的途径。本综述重点以聚合物水凝胶、聚合物微胶束、囊泡等为例,从巯基/烯的光聚合反应、Michael加成反应、氧化还原反应的角度,介绍了巯基/烯在聚合物中形成二硫键的不同途径的研究进展,并详细论述了基因载体、蛋白质载体、小分子药物载体三种还原敏感型材料的制备、表面修饰和改性的进展情况,进一步强调含巯基/二硫键聚合物生物材料的研究在生物医学领域应用的重要性。     

4-十二烷氧基苄胺在纳米金微粒合成中的应用

以新型表面活性剂4-十二烷氧基苄胺(C12OBA)构成的C12OBA/正丁醇/正庚烷/丙醛/HAuCl4(aq)反相微乳液作为微反应器,利用微波辐射加热-丙醛还原法制备了C12OBA包覆金纳米微粒;利用透射电镜、傅立叶变换红外光谱仪及X射线衍射仪分析了产物的微观形貌、化学键合特征、晶体结构;并测定了其紫外-可见吸收光谱.结果显示,表面活性剂C12OBA既可参与形成稳定的反相微乳液,又可作为金纳米微粒的良好保护剂.反相微乳液液滴的微小水核以及C12OBA/金的物质的量之比对纳米金微粒的尺寸和形貌起到良好的控制作用.     

固相萃取–超高效液相色谱三重四级杆质谱联用法测定水中四环素、土霉素及罗红霉素

建立了固相萃取–超高效液相色谱三重四级杆质谱联用法同时测定水中的罗红霉素、四环素和土霉素残留。水样经过固相萃取纯化、富集,液质联用分析,采用甲酸溶液和乙腈作为流动相,在5 min内完成对3种目标化合物的分析,3种目标化合物的方法检出限介于0.08~0.35 ng/L之间,测定结果的相对标准偏差为1.4%~5.6%,空白样品和实际样品的加标回收率分别为82.5%~114%,71.5%~126%。     

固定Ionic liquid/Silica sol/Nafion膜中的联吡啶钌电化学发光行为的研究及应用

制备了Ionic liquid/Silica sol/Nafion-联吡啶钌复合物膜修饰金电极。采用循环伏安(CV)和电致化学发光(ECL)法,考察了联吡啶钌和左氧氟沙星在此修饰电极上的电化学及其发光行为。结果表明,此修饰电极表现出很好的电化学活性和电化学发光响应。基于左氧氟沙星对固定化联吡啶钌在0.1 mol/L磷酸盐缓冲液中的弱电化学发光信号有较强的增敏作用,建立了电化学发光检测盐酸左氧氟沙星的新方法。在最佳实验条件下,左氧氟沙星浓度在1.0×10-7～1.0×10-4mol/L范围内与相对发光强度呈线性关系(r2=0.998 4),检出限(S/N=3)为1.59×10-9mol/L。连续平行测定2.2×10-5mol/L的左氧氟沙星溶液10次,发光强度的相对标准偏差(RSD)为3.6%。对样品进行回收率试验,回收率在95.6%～103.5%之间,RSD(n=5)为3.0%。该方法具有较高的选择性和灵敏度,样品处理简单快速,用于盐酸左氧氟沙星的测定,结果满意。