Analysis and parametric sensitivity of the behavior of overshoots in the concentration of a charged adsorbate in the adsorbed phase of charged adsorbent particles: practical implications for separations of charged solutes

In this work, an analysis of the parametric sensitivity of the overshoot in the concentration of the adsorbate in the adsorbed phase, which occurs under certain conditions during an ion-exchange adsorption process, is presented and used to suggest practical implications of the concentration overshoot phenomenon on operational policies and configurations of chromatographic columns and finite bath adsorption systems. The results presented in this work demonstrate and explain how the development of an overshoot in the concentration of the adsorbate in the adsorbed phase could be enhanced or suppressed by (i) varying the diffusion coefficient, D3, of the adsorbate relative to the diffusion coefficients, D1 and D2, of the cations and anions, respectively, of the background/buffer electrolyte, (ii) altering the initial surface charge density, delta0, of the charged adsorbent particles, (iii) varying the Debye length, lambda, and (iv) changing the initial concentration, Cd3(0), of the adsorbate in the bulk liquid of the finite bath. The influence of the pH and ionic strength, Iinfinity, of the liquid solution on the development of an overshoot in the concentration of the adsorbate in the adsorbed phase is also presented and discussed through the relationships of these parameters to delta0 and lambda, respectively. Furthermore, a detailed explanation of the effects of each parameter on the interplay between the diffusive and electrophoretic molar fluxes, as well as on the structure and functioning of the electrical double layer, which are responsible for the concentration overshoot phenomenon, is presented.     

分数导数结合傅里叶最小二乘拟合处理含噪音的重迭信号

提出了一种含噪音重迭信号的综合处理方法 :先用傅里叶最小二乘法拟合噪音数据 ,然后对拟合后的信号求 2 .5次导数 ,在对模拟数据研究的基础上 ,讨论了求导后峰位漂移及其影响因素 ,给出了一个用于矫正峰位值的经验公式。用该方法对模拟和实际的紫外含噪音重迭信号进行处理 ,结果良好     

极性介质中醋酸乙烯酯的辐照引发分散聚合

用钴 60γ射线引发醋酸乙烯酯的分散聚合 ,通过选择各种极性溶剂体系 ,确立了醋酸乙烯酯在极性介质中稳定的分散聚合体系 .对异丙醇 水体系 ,聚合物分子量随剂量率的降低、稳定剂含量的增加、单体浓度的增大、反应温度的升高以及醇水比的降低而增加 .运用XPS、元素分析等表征聚合物粒子 ,及通过辐射接枝理论的分析 ,可以判断稳定剂所起的稳定作用主要是以物理吸附为主     

Separation of salidroside from Rhodiola crenulata by high-speed counter-current chromatography

High-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) was used to purify salidroside from an extract of Rhodiola crenulata with two steps using a two-phase solvent system composed of ethyl acetate-n-butanol-water (1:4:5, v/v) in the first run and chloroform-methanol-isopropanol-water (5:6:1:4) in the second run. The method yielded 21.9 mg of salidroside from 1.216 g of the crude sample at 98% purity determined by HPLC analyses. Identification was performed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and MS.     

电动势法测定Cu(Ⅰ)与乙炔生成配合物的热力学函数

乙炔与Cu(I)生成配合物的热力学函数文献报道鲜见,且不同作者的测定结果差异较大。本文用改进的电动势法。对在氯丁橡胶、聚氯乙烯,乙醛等工业过程有重大意义的Cu(I)与乙炔配合物进行测定,得到更合理的结果。     

丙酮肟与某些芳烃相互作用的~1H核磁共振研究

Hatton和Richards通过对酰胺分子的~1H NMR谱溶剂效应的研究,提出了DMF与苯生成分子络合物的模型.如果络合物按1:1生成,那么将出现一个“饱和点”,在这点上甲基的芳香溶剂诱导位移(ASIS)的变化趋势或程度将出现一个明显的变化,事实上随着苯的摩尔分数从0到1逐渐增加时,化学位移总是有规则的逐渐移向高场.这就显示了分子络合物观点的局限性.它能被一些研究者所支持和接受,是因为它能够解释两个甲基共振峰先重合而后又分离的现象.     

RP-HPLC测定兔血清和脑脊液中甲硝唑含量

 报告了用RP-HPLC测定免血清和脑脊液中甲硝唑浓度的方法，采用ZorbaxC8柱，NaH2PO4水溶液（0.0075mol／L）-甲醇（4:1，PH4.0）为流动相，氢氯噻嗪为内标，检测波长320um。线性范围0.5～80mg／L，最低检出浓度80μg／L（信噪比为3）。     

甲烷部分氧化制合成气：Ⅲ.镍系催化剂物性及与催化性能间的关联

使用ＴＰＲ和Ｈ２－ＴＰＤ技术对镍铝系催化剂的还原和氢脱附性能进行了研究，并与其催化性能相关联。结果发现，镍铝系催化剂的氢脱附能力与其催化性能之间有一定联系，脱附氢能力越强，催化剂的甲烷部分氧化反应性能就越好，但催化性能与还原性能无直接关联。