Quantum state and process tomography via adaptive measurements

We investigate quantum state tomography(QST) for pure states and quantum process tomography(QPT) for unitary channels via adaptive measurements. For a quantum system with a d-dimensional Hilbert space, we first propose an adaptive protocol where only 2d. 1 measurement outcomes are used to accomplish the QST for all pure states. This idea is then extended to study QPT for unitary channels, where an adaptive unitary process tomography(AUPT) protocol of d2+d.1measurement outcomes is constructed for any unitary channel. We experimentally implement the AUPT protocol in a 2-qubit nuclear magnetic resonance system. We examine the performance of the AUPT protocol when applied to Hadamard gate, T gate(/8 phase gate), and controlled-NOT gate,respectively, as these gates form the universal gate set for quantum information processing purpose. As a comparison, standard QPT is also implemented for each gate. Our experimental results show that the AUPT protocol that reconstructing unitary channels via adaptive measurements significantly reduce the number of experiments required by standard QPT without considerable loss of fidelity.     

Dynamics of a Diffusion Malaria Model With Vector-Bias北大核心CSCD

为了探讨季节性、蚊子叮咬的偏好性和人类的扩散对疟疾传播的影响,该文提出了一个部分退化的周期反应扩散模型.利用动力系统的持续性理论,研究了模型关于基本再生数R₀的阈值动力学.即当R₀<1时,疾病灭绝;而当R₀>1时,疾病一致持续,且会发生季节性的流行.数值上发现了忽略空间异质性和蚊子叮咬的偏好性会低估疾病传染的风险.     

Novel Microstrip Photonic Bandgap Cell Structures

In general, a planar microstrip photonic bandgap (PBG) structure os a periodic array of holes etched in the ground plane of a microstrip line. To use a circuit with a PBG, the PBG structure cannot be fixed on a metal base and needs to be shielded. In this paper, two kinds of novel microstrip PBG unit cells with special patterns etched in the strip line, which can be used as the conventional microstrip circuits, are proposed and analyzed in detail. The results show that the transmission line theory is valid for the theoretic analysis of PBG circuits.     

LARGE MAGNETIC ENTROPY CHANGE NEAR CHARGE-ORDERED TRANSITION TEMPERATURE IN PEROVSKITE-TYPE MANGANITE

The magnetocaloric effect in polycrystalline of Pr_1-xSr_xMnO₃ (x=0.33, 0.43, 0.50) has been investigated. A large magnetic entropy change (7.1J/kgK) was discovered in Pr_0.5Sr_0.5MnO₃ under a low magnetic field of 1T at charge-ordered state transition temperature (161K). The physical mechanism is related to a drastic magnetization change at a temperature where the field-induced magnetic, electron and structural phase transitions occur (from the antiferromagnetic charge-ordered state to the ferromagnetic charge-disordered state).     

Diode-pumped Q-switched Nd:GdVO4/KTP green laser formed with a flat–flat resonator

A diode-pumped acousto-optically Q-switched intracavity frequency-doubled Nd:GdVO₄/KTP green laser formed with a flat–flat resonator was demonstrated. 3.05 W of average green output power at pulse repetition frequency (PRF) of 40 kHz was obtained with an optical conversion efficiency of 18.4%, the effective intracavity frequency-doubling efficiency was 57%. At the incident pump power of 15 W, the shortest laser pulse occurred at PRF of 25 kHz with FWHM width of 14 ns, yielding the highest peak power of 7.44 kW; while the largest pulse energy of 0.14 mJ was achieved at PRF of 15 kHz.