In this study, GaAs metal–oxide–semiconductor (MOS) capacitors using Y‐incorporated TaON as gate dielectric have been investigated. Experimental results show that the sample with a Y/(Y + Ta) atomic ratio of 27.6% exhibits the best device characteristics: high k value (22.9), low interfacestate density (9.0 × 1011 cm–2 eV–1), small flatband voltage (1.05 V), small frequency dispersion and low gate leakage current (1.3 × 10–5A/cm2 at Vfb + 1 V). These merits should be attributed to the complementary properties of Y2O3 and Ta2O5:Y can effectively passivate the large amount of oxygen vacancies in Ta2O5, while the positively‐charged oxygen vacancies in Ta2O5 are capable of neutralizing the effects of the negative oxide charges in Y2O3. This work demonstrates that an appropriate doping of Y content in TaON gate dielectric can effectively improve the electrical performance for GaAs MOS devices.
A novel local principal component analysis (LPCA) technique is presented for activation signal detection in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) without explicit knowledge about the shape of the model activation signal. Unlike the traditional PCA methods, our LPCA algorithm is based on a measure of separation between two clusters formed by the signal segments in active periods and inactive periods, which is computed in an eigen-subspace. In addition, we only applied PCA to the temporal sequence of each individual voxel instead of applying PCA to the fMRI data set. In our algorithm, we first applied a linear regression procedure to alleviate the baseline drift artifact. Then, the baseline-corrected temporal signals were partitioned into active and inactive segments according to the paradigm used for the fMRI data acquisition. Principal components were computed from all these segments for each voxel by PCA. By projecting the segments of each voxel onto a linear subspace formed by the corresponding most dominant principal components, two separate clusters were formed from active and inactive segments. An activation measure was defined based on the degree of separation between these two clusters in the projection space. We show experimental results on the activation signal detection from various sets of fMRI data with different types of stimulation by using the proposed LPCA algorithm and the standard t-test method for comparison. Our experiments indicate that the LPCA algorithm in general provides substantial signal-to-noise ratio improvement over the t-test method. 相似文献
We characterize the completeness and frame/basis property of a union of under-sampled windowed exponentials of the form
$$ {\mathcal{F}}(g): =\bigl\{ e^{2\pi i n x}: n\ge 0\bigr\} \cup \bigl\{ g(x)e^{2\pi i nx}: n< 0\bigr\} $$
for \(L^{2}[-1/2,1/2]\) by the spectra of the Toeplitz operators with the symbol \(g\). Using this characterization, we classify all real-valued functions \(g\) such that \({\mathcal{F}}(g)\) is complete or forms a frame/basis. Conversely, we use the classical non-harmonic Fourier series theory to determine all \(\xi \) such that the Toeplitz operators with the symbol \(e^{2\pi i \xi x}\) is injective or invertible. These results demonstrate an elegant interaction between frame theory of windowed exponentials and Toeplitz operators. Finally, we use our results to answer some open questions in dynamical sampling, and derivative samplings on Paley-Wiener spaces of bandlimited functions.
In order to investigate the correlations of morphologies and optical properties, different morphologies of Eu-doped ZnO were
synthesized by different methods. Specifically, the structure of SiO2/ZnO:Eu nanoflower was synthesized for the first time and has not been reported previously. One percent was chosen as the
Eu doping concentration. The relations of the morphology, diameter, and uniformity with the PL intensity were examined. The
PL intensity of ZOE samples has a close relationship with the morphology. The PL intensity order of the different morphologies
of ZnO:Eu is as follows: nanorod arrays > thin film > nanospheres > nanoparticles > nanoflowers > nanorods. The PL intensity
of nanomaterials is larger, if the diameter of the nanomaterials is larger. However, the size of diameter is not the most
important reason. It was found that the sample uniformity plays a key role on ZnO:Eu PL intensity. ZnO:Eu with small particle
diameters may have strong photoluminescence intensity, if the nanoparticles are uniform. 相似文献
We report a systematic study on wrinkling and CuO nanowires (NWs) growth in the thermal oxidation of copper foil. Copper foils with thickness of 0.5 mm were thermally oxidized in air at 500℃ for 0.5-10 h. It is found that all the samples have wrinkles and the size of the wrinkles increases with the oxidation time increasing. CuO NWs can grow on both the sidehill and hilltop of wrinkle. The CuO NWs on sidehill are longer and denser than those on hilltop. The growth direction of the CuO NWs on sidehill is not vertical to the substrate but vertical to their growth surfaces. The process of wrinkling and CuO NWs growth can be divided into three stages: undulating, voiding, and cracking. The CuO NWs on both sidehill and hilltop grow at the undulating stage. However, only the CuO NWs on sidehill grow and those on hilltop stop growing at the voiding and cracking stages because of the void in hilltop. The local electric field in a wrinkle at undulating stage was calculated, and it is found that the difference of local electric field strengths between hilltop and sidehill is small, which indicates that the predominant driving force for the diffusion of Cu ion during CuO NWs growth is internal stress. 相似文献