Impact of azaproline on Peptide conformation

The amino acid analog azaproline (azPro) contains a nitrogen atom in place of the C(alpha) of proline. Peptides containing azPro were shown to stabilize the cis-amide conformer for the acyl-azPro bond and prefer type VI beta-turns both in crystals and in organic solvents by NMR. The increased stability for cis-amide conformers was relatively minor with respect to the trans-conformers. Further, their conformational preferences were depended on solvent. To elucidate the impact of azPro substitution on amide cis-trans isomerism and peptide conformation, this paper reports ab initio studies on azPro derivatives and a comparison with their cognate Pro derivatives: 1-acetyl-2-methyl pyrrolidine (1), 1-acetyl-2-methyl pyrazolidine (2), Ac-Pro-NHMe (3), Ac-azPro-NHMe (4), Ac-azPro-NMe(2) (5), Ac-azAzc-NHMe (6), and Ac-azPip-NHMe (7). Conformational preferences were explored at the MP2/6-31+G** level of theory in vacuo. Solvation effects for 1 and 2 were studied implicitly using the polarizable continuum model and explicitly represented by interactions with a single water molecule. An increase in the conformational preference for the cis-amide conformer of azPro was clearly seen. An intramolecular hydrogen bond occurred solely in the trans-amide conformer that reduced the preference for the cis-conformer by 2.2 kcal/mol. The larger ring homolog aza-pipecolic acid (azPip), in which this internal hydrogen bond was diminished, significantly augmented stabilization of the cis-amide conformer. In aqueous solution, the preference for the cis-amide conformers was greatly reduced, mainly as a result of interaction between water and the lone pair of the alpha-nitrogen in the trans-amide conformer that was 3.8 kcal/mol greater than that in the cis-conformer. In the azPro analog, the energy barrier for cis-trans amide isomerization was 6 kcal/mol less than that in the cognate Pro derivative. Because the azPro derivatives can stabilize the cis-amide bond and mimic a type VI beta-turn without incorporation of additional steric bulk, such a simple chemical modification of the peptide backbone provides a useful conformational constraint when incorporated into the structure of selected bioactive peptides. Such modifications can scan receptors for biological recognition of reverse turns containing cis-amide bonds by the incorporation of type VI beta-turn scaffolds with oriented appended side chains.     

Influence of post-annealing temperature on properties of ZnO:Li thin films

Li-doped ZnO thin films were prepared on glass substrates by DC reactive magnetron sputtering. The influence of post-annealing temperature on the electrical, structural, and optical properties of the films was investigated. A conversion from p-type conduction to n-type in a range of temperature was confirmed by Hall measurement. The optimal p-type conduction is achieved at the annealing temperature of 500 °C with a resistivity of 57 Ω cm, carrier concentration of 1.07 × 10¹⁷ cm⁻³ and Hall mobility of 1.03 cm² V⁻¹ s⁻¹. From the temperature-dependent PL analysis, the energy level of Li_Zn acceptor was determined to be 140 meV above the valence band.     

Analysis of flavonoids in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Ginkgo biloba</Emphasis> L. and its phytopharmaceuticals by capillary electrophoresis with electrochemical detection

A high-performance capillary electrophoretic (CE) method with electrochemical detection (ED) has been developed for determination of the pharmacologically active flavonoids in Ginkgo biloba L. and phytopharmaceuticals containing its extract. Epicatechin, catechin, rutin, apigenin, luteolin, and quercetin are important flavonoids in this plant. Operated in a wall-jet configuration, a 300 micro m diameter carbon-disk electrode was used as working electrode with good response to the six analytes at +1000 mV (relative to the SCE). Under the optimum conditions, the analytes were separated within 22 min in a borax buffer (pH 9.0). Excellent linearity was obtained over two orders of magnitude and detection limits (S/N=3) ranged from 1.4 x 10(-7) to 5.0 x 10(-7) g mL(-1) for all six analytes. The method was successfully used for assay of Ginkgo biloba L. and its phytopharmaceuticals after a relatively simple extraction procedure; the results obtained were satisfactory.     

用高效液相色谱手性固定相法拆分芳香仲醇及芳香乙二 醇类手性化合物

在ChiralcelOD和ChiralcelOJ两支多糖类手性固定相上，以各种不同配比的正己烷-异丙醇为洗脱剂对38种带有不同取代基的芳香仲醇及芳香乙二醇类手性化合物的对映体进行拆分，考察了这些外消旋体在这两支手性柱上的色谱行为。结果表明，扬长避短一柱对这些化合物的拆分能力与化合物取代基的性质和位置有关，这些化合物与手性固定相之间的氢键作用和π-π作用是影响手性拆分的重要原因。拆分方法已应用于潜手性酮不对称还原产物的光学纯度的鉴定，并取得了很好的效果。     

A convenient synthesis of 2-aryl substituted benzo[f] [1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]azepine derivatives

A convenient synthetic pathway to 2-aryl-5,6-dihydro-4H-benzo[f][1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-α]azepine derivatives 7 was developed. The synthesis was based on the cycloaddition of the 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene a-acetoxy azo compounds 3 with Ar-CN in the presence of AlCl3 and the consecutive ring enlargement.     

Study on open tubular capillary affinity liquid chromatography

A novel mode of affinity chromatography (AC) based on an open tubular capillary column (OTAC) is demonstrated. The OTAC column is prepared by immobilizing Cibacron blue F3GA onto the inner surface of a 50-microm-i.d. capillary column. The AC experiment is performed on a capillary electrophoresis instrument by using its pressure system as the driving force. Bovine serum albumin and lysozyme (Lys) are successfully separated with stepwise gradient elution. The relative standard deviation (RSD) for the elution time of the retained Lys is 0.08%, and good repeatability of its peak area and peak height with an RSD value lower than 2.12% for 10 consecutive runs is observed. The loading capacity and detection limit for the retained Lys are approximately 36 ng and 8.6 ng, respectively. It is also found that the amount of protein adsorbed is unaffected by the flow rate of the loading buffer, and OTAC can be used for the fast determination of biopolymers. Some of the advantages of OTAC over conventional modes of open tubular capillary liquid chromatography are that the detection sensitivity and loading capacity of a sample can be greatly improved, because the relatively large inner diameter of the capillary can be adopted and the whole capillary column can be used to adsorb the solute in OTAC.     

酞侧基聚芳醚砜和聚芳醚酮共混物的高温流变行为

用锥板粘度计测试了酞侧基聚芳醚砜（ＰＥＳ－Ｃ）和酞侧基聚芳醚酮（ＰＥＫ－Ｃ）及其共混物的熔体流变行为．试样的流动活化能分别为１４５、１３３和１１２ＫＪ／ｍｏｌ．共混物的熔体粘度显著低于ＰＥＳ－Ｃ和ＰＥＫ－Ｃ粘度的对数加和值．并证明试样的熔体流动性和加工稳定性都已达到注射成型工艺的要求．     

免疫亲和柱净化/柱前衍生化-高效液相色谱荧光检测法测定粮谷中的T-2毒素

建立了免疫亲和柱净化/柱前衍生化-高效液相色谱荧光检测器测定粮谷中T-2毒素含量的方法。样品经甲醇-水(体积比为80∶20)混合溶剂提取,通过免疫亲和柱(IAC)净化,以氰酸蒽(1-AN)为衍生化试剂、4-二甲基氨基吡啶(DMAP)为催化剂进行衍生,以ZORBAX Eclipse XDB-C18 柱为分离柱,乙腈-水(体积比为80∶20)为流动相进行高效液相色谱分离及荧光检测，荧光检测的激发波长为381 nm，发射波长为470 nm。T-2毒素的质量浓度为0.01~1.5 mg/L时与峰高呈良好的线性,相关系数为0.9985。在0.01~1.5 μg/g添加水平下，回收率为79.7%~94.5%,相对标准偏差小于7%；检出限（S/N＝3）为0.01 μg/g。该方法净化效果好,灵敏度高,操作简便快速。     

DFT方法理论研究星际分子C3S+结构和光谱

在B3LYP／6—31lG(d)水平上对可能的星际分子C3S^ 的各种异构体进行了理论计算研究，得到其几何构型、红外光谱和精确能量以利于实验室和星际观测，讨论了其星际含义，并与其中性分子C3S做了比较．结果表明：C3S^ 有3个稳定的异构体，包括线形、三元环和四元环几何构型．按热力学稳定的异构体依次是直线型具有C∞v对称性的CCCS^ (1)，其次是具有CC桥键四元环构型的cC3S^ (2)，能量最高是三元环构型具有CC环外键的C—cCCS^ (3)。     

The Intelligent Properties of Micro－reactors for Preparating Nanoparticles

TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized by using micro-reactors. The shape and size of the nanoparticles produced from the original micro-reactors and the five times recycled micro-reactorsmother liquor were investigated on transmission electron microscopy (TEM) by using the original sample, freeze prepared sample, and dyeing treated sample, respectively. UV-VIS spectrometry was used to study the growth process of TiO2 nanoparticles in main reactors. The results showed that micro-reactors with nanometer magnitude had spherical or oval structures, and could restore to their original structure after they were destroyed. The products prepared in the original micro-reactors were similar to that in the micro-reactors recycled for many times, suggesting that the micro-reactors had memory function.