The Rohlin property for automorphisms of the Jiang-Su algebra

For projectionless C^∗-algebras absorbing the Jiang-Su algebra tensorially, we study a kind of the Rohlin property for automorphisms. We show that the crossed products obtained by automorphisms with this Rohlin property also absorb the Jiang-Su algebra tensorially under a mild technical condition on the C^∗-algebras. In particular, for the Jiang-Su algebra we show the uniqueness up to outer conjugacy of the automorphism with this Rohlin property.     

Dynamic out-of-plane deformation measurement using virtual speckle patterns

The novel measurement method based on the virtual speckle patterns has been reported. This method has the feature of analyzing the deformation map of an object in high resolution without any information except for speckle pattern images under a deformation process. In this paper, the method is applied to the measurement of dynamic events including a complex deformation distribution. The optical system of the method is improved in order to deal with the complex deformation distribution, which includes the increase and the decrease distributions. In experiments, the phenomenon of collision of the metal sphere on the thin polymer film is analyzed. The method can analyze the large deformation measurement of dynamic events, which cannot be measured by ordinary methods. It is confirmed that the measurement accuracy of this method even in measurements of dynamic events is high.     

Coordinated radical polymerization and redox polymerization of acrylamide by ceric ammonium nitrate

The ceric salt-initiated polymerization on acrylamide and graft copolymerization of acrylamide onto cellulose were studied. The mechanism of the ceric salt-initiated polymerization of acrylamide in the homopolymerization system can be explained by a radical mechanism based upon Ce⁴⁺-coordinated acrylamide, and the mechanism of the ceric salt-initiated graft copolymerization of acrylamide onto cellulose can be explained in two ways: a free-radical mechanism with the ceric—cerous redox system, and a radical mechanism based upon Ce⁴⁺-coordinated acrylamide. The velocities of initiation, propagation, and termination in the redox mechanism are quite different from those in the coordinated radical mechanism. From the infrared absorption and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra measurements it is concluded that the structure of the ceric-coordinated acrylamide is the π-complex.     

Mechanism of charge-transfer polymerization. XI. Radical copolymerization of N-vinylindole with electron-accepting monomers

N-Vinylindole (NVI) was copolymerized with such electron-accepting monomers as fumaronitrile (FN) or diethyl fumarate (DEF) under initiation with a radical catalyst. The compositions of the copolymers varied from 1:1.1 to 1:1.85 (NVI:FN or DEF). The FN or DEF content in the copolymer increased with increase in the molar fraction of the FN or DEF monomer in the monomer feed. It was suggested that both copolymers have a 1:1 recurring unit of NVI and the electron-accepting monomer, thus being alternating copolymers, and that further addition of the electron-accepting monomer to the indole ring occurred at its electron-rich β-carbon atom.     

Determination of fluvoxamine in rat plasma by HPLC with pre-column derivatization and fluorescence detection using 4-fluoro-7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole

A sensitive, simple and reliable method using high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) assay of fluvoxamine (FLU), a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), in rat plasma after pre-column derivatization with 4-fluoro-7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole (NBD-F) was developed in this study. Extracted plasma samples were mixed with NBD-F at 60 degrees C for 5 min and injected into HPLC. Retention times of FLU and an internal standard (propafenone) derivative were 15.5 and 13.5 min, respectively. The calibration curve was linear over the range 0.015-1.5 microg/mL (r2 = 0.9985) and the lower limits of detection and quantification of FLU were 0.008 and 0.015 microg/mL, respectively, in 100 microL of plasma. The derivative sample was stable at 4 degrees C for 1 day. The coefficients of variation for intra-day and inter-day assay of FLU were less than 8.3 and 9.6%, respectively. Other SSRIs and centrally acting drugs did not interfere with the peak of the FLU derivative. The method was applied for analysis of the plasma samples from rats treated with FLU. These results indicate that the method presented is useful to determine the FLU levels in rat plasma of volumes as small as 100 microL and can be applied to pharmacokinetic studies.     

Vector processing algorithm for electron repulsion integrals in Ab Initio HF calculation based upon the PK supermatrix

An efficient vector processing algorithm generating PK supermatrices has been developed, in particular aiming at calculations on large molecules. The algorithm utilizes the recurrence relations for electron repulsion integrals. The PK supermatrices are listed in a nearly canonical order so that the Fock matrix generation is efficiently vectorized, no temporary ERI and PK files being used. This is effected by partition of the basis set (atomic orbitals) into subsets of certain appropriate sizes, and the partition approach is named as the three-dimensional partial space method. A high-speed Hartree–Fock calculation including integrals and SCF procedures is achieved. © 1992 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Block copolymerization of allene derivatives with 1,3-butadiene by living coordination polymerization with π-allylnickel catalyst

The block copolymerization of allene derivatives (3A–3D) with 1,3-butadiene (2) by [(allyl)NiOCOCF₃]₂ (1) is described. For instance, the living coordination polymerization of phenylallene (3A, 50 equiv) starting from the living poly(2), which was prepared by the polymerization of 2 (160 equiv) by 1, successfully gave a block copolymer of 2 and 3A in high yield. The molecular weight of the block copolymer (4A) in gel permeation chromatography shifted clearly to the higher molecular weight region and kept a unimodal distribution (M_n = 17,400, M_w/M_n = 1.23) in comparison with that of the starting living poly(2) (M_n = 5,600, M_w/M_n = 1.67). The ratio of each segment and the molecular weight of the resulting copolymers could be controlled by the feed ratio of each monomer. The block copolymerization also proceeded successfully by the inverse order of the monomer feeding (i.e., the polymerization of 3A followed by that of 2) to obtain the corresponding block copolymers in high yields. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 37: 3916–3921, 1999     

Functionalization of polymers: Epoxidation of polyolefins

In order to produce a polymer with an epoxy group, the epoxidation of the polyolefins poly(ethylene-co-1,9-decadiene) (PED) and polybutadiene (PB) was investigated. For these reactions, in situ generated peroxy acid was most effective and convenient. Among them an H₂O₂–formic acid system gave the best result. The reactivity of PB showed the dependency on the microstructure. The reactivity of the double bond is trans>cis> vinyl(pendant) and the selectivity for the epoxidation is cis∼vinyl(pendant)≫trans.