药用植物重楼的紫外吸收光谱分析与鉴别

通过正交试验设计L43(16)优化氯仿、无水乙醇和水对46份重楼样品的提取条件,基于紫外吸收光谱检测,采用平均值、平滑和二次微分对光谱数据进行处理,用SIMCA软件及共有峰和变异峰双指标序列分析法进行定性、定量评价。结果表明,重楼样品在氯仿、无水乙醇和水分别提取50,40,50min时提取率最高,在20h内稳定性RSD%分别在0.06～1.88,0.05～2.42,0.03～0.35之间,精密度RSD%分别在0～1.48,0.05～0.37,0.09～0.44之间,重现性RSD%分别为0～1.23,0.04～0.30,0.12～0.25。定性分析显示,重楼样品不同种、不同产区间存在较大差异;定量分析显示,重楼样品间最大共有峰率为80.00%,最小变异峰率为6.25%。该法定性评价不同种及不同产区间的重楼样品,并定量分析任意两个样品间的差异,阐明重楼种间及不同产区间的相似度,为中药材真伪、品种鉴别和品质评价奠定基础。     

Bonding Interface Imaging and Shear Strength Prediction by Ultrasound1

The propagation of a longitudinal ultrasonic wave normally incident upon an adhesively bonded structure is stud- ied. The structure consists of adherend and adhesive layers with finite thickness. Interfaces between adherend and adhesive are regarded as distributed springs. Theoretical and experimental results show that resonant frequencies of the bonded structure vary sensitively with the interface stiffness constants and adhesive thickness, and these interface characteristics are inversed by the simulation annealing （SA） method. Furthermore, the distribution image of interface stiffnesses is compared with the state of fracture interface, and quantitative prediction of shear strength is achieved based on the distribution of interface stiffnesses and adhesive thicknesses by using a back- propagation neutral network. The average relative error of the shear strength from prediction to real value is 10.7%.     

非晶材料弛豫过程加杨氏模量的唯象研究

从晶态材料弛豫过程中模量的唯象描述的基本思想出发，同时考虑到近年来对非晶材料弛豫规律的种种研究，将传统的构造力学参数模型作为弛豫单元的作法与现在流行的双能级模型统一起来，对非晶材料弛豫过程中的杨氏模量进行了唯象处理，得到了与以往不同的弛豫规律。     

干涉测量系统中杂散条纹影响的抑制

 为了抑制杂散条纹的影响，提出了一种简单实用的单幅三表面干涉条纹傅里叶分析法，它根据三表面干涉时各个表面干涉的条纹调制度不同，从三表面干涉图的频谱中提取测试面的频谱，从而准确地恢复测试面的面形。模拟结果证明了该方法的有效性，准确度可以达到l/1 000。实验表明：单幅三表面干涉条纹傅里叶分析法得到的面形形状与波长调谐时域傅里叶变化法和涂消光漆法得到的结果基本一致，PV值和RMS值与波长调谐时域傅里叶变化法相差分别为0.001l和0.004l，与涂消光漆法相差分别为0.042l和0.019l。通过7次单幅三表面干涉条纹傅里叶分析法测量，得到PV和RMS值的重复性分别为0.007 8l和0.002 6l。     

苯环上取代基的性质对双卟啉分子内能量转移的影响

金属卟啉在光合作用中起重要作用,合成其聚合物并作为光合作用模拟体系研究其能量转移和电子转移过程,已成为化学领域的重要研究课题之一.用于光合作用活性中心模拟体的金属卟啉聚合物种类很多,本文参考Little方法合成2种未见报道的苯环上分别带推电子和拉电子取代基和以柔韧碳氢链相连的中位双卟啉p-ZnTPP/p-H_2TMPP和p-ZnTPP/p-H_2TCPP(图1),探索了取     

Surface Properties of the Sn-9Zn Alloy with the Trace Addition of Lanthanum

The surface properties of solders play an important role in its wettability. The poor wettability of the Sn-9Zn alloy has prohibited its commercial application. In this paper, the solid surface properties of the Sn-9Zn alloy were studied by using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). It was shown from the XPS analysis that zinc is highly enriched on the surface of the Sn-9Zn alloy. Although the zinc concentration on the surface is greater than 9%, lanthanum is accumulated on the surface of the Sn-9Zn-1La alloy. In addition, the analysis of the valence of tin and lanthanum indicated that tin and lanthanum could form complex oxygen-containing salts so that the anti-oxidation of the solder was enhanced, and the wettability of the solder was improved accordingly.     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定铅精矿中高含量的银

采用火焰原子吸收光谱法直接测定铅精矿中高含量的银，其程序是将样品于700℃灼烧30min，以盐酸溶解后配制成溶液，用空气-乙炔火焰光度法测定样品中银的含量。该法简便、快速，结果准确。