一种新的磷酸根离子敏感电极研究

一种新的磷酸根离子敏感电极研究肖丹，俞汝勤，李军，袁孔铨（湖南大学化学化工系，长沙，４１００８２）关键词磷酸根，离子选择电极，磷酸二氢根磷酸根离子浓度的测定在化学化工、环境保护、生命科学和临床医学等领域有着重要的意义。对磷酸根离子敏感电极的研究和探索...     

ZrxTixAl1-2xO2的制备及其在三效催化剂上的应用

Zr_0.5Ti_0.5O₂(ZT) and Zr_0.25Ti_0.25Al_0.5O₂(ZTA) mixed oxides were prepared by co-precipitation method and characterized by low temperature adsorption-desorption， XRD and NH₃-TPD. The activity of Pt/Zr_0.5Ti_0.5O₂ and Pt/ Zr_0.5Ti_0.5Al_0.5O₂ catalysts was evaluated using the simulated gases. The results show that ZTA samples exhibit higher specific surface area， larger pore volume and proper surface acidic amount and acidity in comparison with ZT. The results of the catalytic test indicate that Pt/ZT and Pt/ZTA catalysts exhibit excellent low-temperature catalytic activity and lower light-off temperatures of hydrocarbon， carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides， especially better conversion for nitrogen oxides (NO_x). The addition of Al₂O₃ into ZT enhanced the anti-aging property of Pt/ ZTA catalysts due to the excellent textural， structural， surface acidity and thermal stability.     

LB膜诱导Ba(NO3)2晶体取向生长

In this work, Ba(NO₃)₂ crystals with single crystal face were induced by using the the method of bio-mimetic mineralization and double LB films of behenic acid (BA) as the template. The crystals were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The crystals were observed in regular square shape with uniform size about 5～8 μm by SEM, and they were found by XRD to grow along the (111) plane. From these experiments, we can conclude that the good selection of the (111) crystal face of Ba(NO₃)₂ is due to the electrostatic interactions , the match between this crystal face and the definite lattice structure of the LB films.     

含二苯甲烷结构四元共缩聚杂萘聚芳酰胺的合成与性能

采用自制二胺1,2-二氢-2-(4-氨基苯基)-4-[4-(4-氨基苯氧基)-苯基]-二氮杂萘-1-酮、商品二胺4,4′-二氨基二苯甲烷和对苯二胺与对苯二甲酰氯进行低温溶液缩聚反应,改变三种二胺的比例,得到了一系列共聚酰胺树脂,其特性粘数为1·24~2·32dL/g,用FT-IR、1H-NMR手段研究了聚合物的结构;利用DSC和TGA研究了聚合物的耐热性能,结果表明,该类聚合物具有较高玻璃转化温度(301℃以上);氮气气氛中5%热失重温度在438℃以上;用一定比例的二胺制得的聚合物分别能溶于N-甲基吡咯烷酮、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺等非质子极性溶剂中并浇注得到韧性薄膜.     

2,2′-(1,2-亚苯基二氧)二(N-苯基乙酰胺)及其稀土配合物的合成、表征与荧光性质

合成了一种新的芳香族酰胺配体2，2’-（1，2-亚苯基二氧）二（N-苯基乙酰胺）及其稀土（La，Eu，Tb，Dy，Sm，Gd）硝酸盐配合物，通过核磁共振谱、元素分析、摩尔电导、红外光谱、差热等测试技术对其进行了结构表征。结果表明，稀土配合物的可能结构为：[REL（NO3）3]·H2O（RE：La^3＋、Sm^3＋、Eu^3＋、Gd^3＋、Tb^3＋、Dy^3＋）．配合物产率约为78％。在稀土配合物中，作为抗衡阴离子的3个硝酸根均以双齿的配位方式与稀土配位，稀土配位数为10，并且还有1个结晶水。在298K下对配合物[EuL（NO3）3]·H2O和[TI）L（N03）3]·H2O的固体荧光性质进行了研究。结果发现，它们分别发射Eu^3＋和Tb^3＋稀土离子的特征荧光，且配合物[TbL（NO3）3]·H2O的荧光比[EuL（NO3）3]·H2O的荧光强。说明此芳香族酰胺配体敏论Tb^3＋发光比敏化Eu^3＋发光程度大。     

2-羟丙基三甲基氯化铵壳聚糖的制备及其性能研究

以脱乙酰度为95.37%的壳聚糖(CTS)为原料,异丙醇为溶剂,2,3-环氧丙基三甲基氯化铵为改性剂,于80℃反应12 h合成了水溶性季铵盐2-羟丙基三甲基氯化铵壳聚糖(HACC)。HACC的吸水保水性是CTS的2倍～3倍,加入化妆品中培养2周后菌落总数少于100 CFU.g-1。     

[1-芳基甲羰基-2-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)]乙基-N,N-二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸酯衍生物的合成、结构表征及生物活性研究

以芳香基三唑类杀菌剂三唑酮为先导物设计并合成了5个含N,N-二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸酯的芳香三唑类化合物, 通过元素分析、红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱和质谱对其结构进行了表征. 用X射线单晶衍射测定了[α-(4-甲氧基苯甲酰基)-2-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)]乙基-N,N-二甲基二硫代氨基甲酸酯的晶体结构, 晶体属于三斜晶系, 空间群, 晶胞参数为: a＝0.73482(15) nm, b＝1.1051(2) nm, c＝1.1209(2) nm, α＝90.32(3)°, β＝101.97(3)°, γ＝105.13(3)°, V＝0.8578(3) nm³, Z＝2, D_c＝1.357 g/cm³, F(000)＝368, µ＝0.324 mm^－1. 生物测试结果显示这5种有机化合物都具有杀菌性和植物生长调节活性     

Thermal Emulsion Polymerization without any Conventional Initiators and Emulsifiers

Stable poly(styrene-co-sodium styrene sulfonate) (P(St-NaSS) nanoparticles with broader size distribution were synthesized by thermal emulsion polymerization without any conventional initiators and emulsifiers. The obtained polymer nanoparticles have higher ξ potential, and the particle sizes have broad distribution. The stability of polymer particles originated from the addition of small amounts of ionic comonomer, NaSS, which can act as an emulsifier in somewhat. The monomer conversion could reach up to about 28 wt% in 48 h, and did not increase by further polymerization when higher polymerization temperature (120 ℃) was employed. This polymerization system may be give some further understand for mechanism of emulsion polymerization.     

生物相容性BAB型两亲嵌段共聚物的合成及其自组装

Lys(z)-NCA was synthesized in the presence of triphosgene, amphiphilic triblock copolymers poly(N^c-CBZ-Lysine)-PEG-poly(N^c-CBZ-Lysine) were synthesized in DMF using amino-end ended PEG as initiator with the mechanism of anion ring opening polymerization. The structures of block copolymers were characterized by IR, ^1H-NMR,GPC and DSC. The results showed triblock copolymers with expected structure and low polydispersity in molecular weight could be synthesized by this method. At the same time, the self-assembling behaviors of block copolymer were investigated by TEM. A novel helical aggregates were found to be formed in DMF. Because of biocompatibility of two components of block copolymers, these block copolymers have potential applications in the field of biomaterials.     

含热致液晶性共聚酯的聚砜共混物

将一种含萘环的热致液晶性共聚酯与聚砜树脂熔融共混并挤塑成条。毛细管流变性测试表明，这一共聚酯降低了共混物的表观粘度，甚至低于其本身的粘度。共混物受剪切作用形成了各向异性的微纤增强结构，并具有皮芯结构，在液晶聚俣物含量低到２％与０．５％的样条中仍有共聚酯微纤形成。共聚酯微纤提高了聚砜的力学性能，含２０％共聚酯共混物挤塑条的位伸模量为聚砜树脂的二倍半。