聚乙烯亚胺改性氧化石墨对水中Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附

通过对石墨氧化、酯化,将聚乙烯亚胺耦合接枝到氧化石墨表面,制备聚乙烯亚胺改性氧化石墨(PEI-GO).通过FTIR、XRD、TEM、RS和XPS等对合成材料进行表征,并研究了其对水中的Cr(Ⅵ)吸附和脱附性能.表征结果表明,聚乙烯亚胺成功嫁接到氧化石墨上,其氨基含量为4.36 mmol·g^-1.PEI-GO对水中Cr(Ⅵ)具有很好的吸附性能,吸附等温线符合Freundlich方程,吸附动力学可用拟二级动力学方程来描述.PEI-GO对水中Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附随pH的升高而降低.阴离子的存在降低吸附剂对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附,不同阴离子的影响大小顺序为PO₄^3- >SO₄^2- >NO^3- >Cl^-.XPS结果表明,PEI-GO对Cr(Ⅵ)的去除是吸附-化学还原耦合作用的结果.经4次脱附再生循环,PEI-GO对Cr(VI)仍具有较高吸附量,表明该吸附剂再生性好,可循环使用.     

基于衣康酸配体构筑的两个锌配合物的合成、结构和荧光性质

通过水热法合成了两种锌配位聚合物{[Zn(ic)(bip)]·2H₂O}n (1)和[Zn(ic)(bpe)]n (2)(H₂ic=衣康酸,bip=3,5-二(1-咪唑基)吡啶,bpe=1,2-二(4-吡啶基)乙烯),并通过X射线单晶衍射和元素分析对其结构进行了表征.配合物1和2均为含有一维金属-羧酸链的二维(4,4)格子层结构.此外,对它们的热重、粉末X射线衍射和固体荧光性能进行了考察.与配体bip相比,1的发射光谱发生了明显的蓝移(~78 nm),可能归因于配体到金属的电荷转移;2显示与游离的bpe配体相似的荧光性质,轻微的红移可能是因为与金属离子之间的配位作用导致的.     

基于N-((3-吡啶基)磺酰基)天冬氨酸的Co(Ⅱ)、Zn(Ⅱ)、Cd(Ⅱ)配位聚合物的合成、磁性和荧光性质

以N-((3-吡啶基)磺酰基)天冬氨酸(H₂L)为配体,采取水热合成的方法,合成了配位聚合物[M(HL)₂]_n(M=Co,1;Zn,2;Cd,3)。X射线单晶衍射分析表明,它们的晶体同构。1的磁性分析表明,1的Curie常数为4.66cm³·mol^-1·K,Curie-Weiss常数为-21.23K;与配体H₂L相比,2和3的发射光谱发生了明显的蓝移,可能归因于配体到金属的电荷转移。     

基于双功能单体的磁性双酚A印迹聚合物的制备及应用

以二氧化硅包覆的四氧化三铁为载体,双酚A(BPA)为模板分子,β-环糊精和4-乙烯基吡啶为二元功能单体,采用热聚合方法制备了对双酚A具有特异吸附性能的磁性印迹复合材料(mag-MIPs).采用透射电子显微镜(TEM)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和振动样品磁强计(VSM)对该印迹复合材料进行了表征,并结合磁固相萃取(M-SPE)技术和高效液相色谱(HPLC)研究了其对双酚A的吸附行为,结果表明该印迹复合材料对双酚A具有良好的选择吸附能力.液相色谱检测结果表明,该磁性印迹复合材料可用于环境水样中双酚A的快速分离富集,回收率为90.51%~98.21%.     

Ni2P和MoS2催化剂在二苯并噻吩加氢脱硫反应中的氢溢流效应

对分层装填的Ni₂P//MoS₂催化剂上的二苯并噻吩加氢脱硫反应进行了研究。结果表明,分层装填的Ni₂P/Al₂O₃和MoS₂/Al₂O₃催化剂在二苯并噻吩加氢脱硫反应中存在氢溢流效应,氢溢流有助于提高MoS₂催化剂的活性位密度和加氢脱硫反应速率。由于Ni₂P比NiS_x具有更强的氢分子解离能力,Ni₂P//MoS₂催化体系的氢溢流因子略高于NiS_x//MoS₂;相对于NiS_x,Ni₂P对MoS₂催化剂是更好的助剂。     

四元体系LiNO3-Mg(NO3)2-NH4NO3-H2O相图预测及相关相变储能材料的研究

应用修正的BET热力学模型对Mg(NO3)2-NH4NO3-H2O三元体系和LiNO3-Mg(NO3)2-NH4NO3-H2O四元体系在273～320 K的相图进行预测,并找到一个相变温度较低的四元共晶点Mg(NO3)2.6H2O-LiNO3.3H2O-NH4NO3,其质量百分数组成为:25.5%的硝酸铵,28.4%的硝酸锂,13.8%的硝酸镁和32.3%的水,通过实验对共晶点组成材料的吸放热行为进行测定,发现其熔化温度为286.3 K,且DSC测试其相变热焓为192.7 J.g-1,表明该材料可用作潜在的低温相变储能材料。     

SrTiO3的合成及其光催化还原CO2的性能

本文采用水热合成法制备钙钛矿型半导体光催化剂钛酸锶,紫外光激发下,在甲醇溶液中还原CO2制得甲酸甲酯,并通过负载Ag降低了电子与空穴的复合几率,有效地提高了光催化活性。同时,发现了Ag的负载量、负载方法以及表面活性剂对光催化活性的影响规律。借助XRD分析了催化剂的晶型并计算出颗粒的粒径,SEM、TEM、HRTEM观测了催化剂颗粒的形貌,UV-vis吸收光谱检测了其光激发特性。最终,获得了一步水热法制备Ag含量为5wt%的Ag/SrTiO3具有较高催化活性的优化实验结果。     

反相微乳液法制备纳米Al2O3颗粒及其形成反应机理的研究

通过聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚(曲拉通X-100)/正丁醇/环己烷/水溶液形成的体系, 采用反相微乳液法合成了Al₂O₃纳米粒子. 对前驱体进行热分析(TG-DTG-DTA), 确定了合适的煅烧温度为1150 ℃. 采用X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)、紫外可见分光光度法(UV-vis)分别对产物的结构、粒度和形貌进行了表征, 考察了微乳液中水与表面活性剂的物质的量之比(ω_o)、煅烧温度和煅烧时升温速率等关键因素对产物形貌和晶相的影响, 并通过分析进一步揭示了Al₂O₃纳米粒子的形成机理. 结果表明, 控制ω_o为10、煅烧温度为1150 ℃可得到分散性好、粒径分布均匀的Al₂O₃纳米粒子, 且2 ℃/min的升温速率更有利于产物向稳定的α晶相转变.     

Research and Practice in Green Chemical Technologies

Green chemistry is also called environment harmless or environment friendly chemistry.Green chemistry requires to use new synthetic methods, engineering technologies and processes to eliminate or reduce by-products, wastes or products that harmful to human health, community safety,and ecology environment. Green chemistry pursues to control the usage of the harmful and toxic materials, reduce waste emission, avoid necessity to treat the wastes; Green Chemistry advocates wastes management from the beginning, improving the efficiency of atoms, optimizing the use of resources and energy, lowering the cost of production. Green Chemistry technologies are the ultimate path to the clean chemical production in the future.Insight Co. takes "hospital of enterprises" and "bank of technologies" as our characteristics in business, and deems the development and spread of green chemistry as our mission. We developed an unique business model which combines education, research and production. In the past 8 years,we had applied and obtained more than 30 patents and received more than ten national and provincial awards in technology progress.We had made great progress in the manufacturing of organophosphorus pesticides, especially the production of omethoate, methamidophos, paraquat and glycyrrhizinic phosphor, etc., which made a stable foundation for INSIGHT's development. We had also achieved great success in the high efficiency low toxic pesticides, such as imidacloprid, etofenprox, metalaxyl and in the new synthetic methods in various amino acids as well as in the pharmaceutical intermediates. The new method of preparation indigo using N-phenylglycinonitrile is an advanced process in the world in terms of the clean production technology for Ferro cyanide and HCN's transformation rate improvement. We solved the pollution problem of the old route. The newly developed substituted product for indigo using a clean production technology which greatly reduced the material consumption and environmental pollution. Insight has facilities producing nearly 20 photo-initiators and developed the new technique for light-curing lubricity, water-born resin, the technique for water-bon coating and their associated applications. The successfully developed technology of new high performance emulsion will promote the technology advancement in the coating industry and the wide spread of new coating in China.Insight has developed a series of new technologies, including a novel reactor technology - using a newly designed patented blade, has been characterized as high efficiency & energy saving reactor.The novel technology research and development are widely applied in INSIGHT's ten-year practice.We studied and confirmed the non-thermal catalyzing effect of microwaves, proposed a "weak microwave" theory, and a chemical reaction rate equation. We proposed that in the existence of microwave magnesium ions and phosphate, amino acid can be activated to form peptide which maybe the path of the origin of life.A 3000mt/a pilot plant in Chongqing using carbon monoxide and hydrogen to produce dimethyl ether in a single step has been built via collaboration with the Dept. of Chemical Engineering at Tsinghua University. The large scale, low cost production of dimethyl ether may possible through comprehensive technology improvement. This technology will take full advantage of current ammonia production facilities, and try to solve the global fuel shortage problem.     

模拟水中铜镍合金B10耐蚀性的光电化学研究

采用循环伏安、光电化学和电化学阻抗谱技术对模拟水中铜镍合金B10的腐蚀行为进行了研究.在电位从正往负向扫描中 B10表面膜显示p-型光响应,光响应来自电极表面的Cu2O层,但最大光电流比硼砂-硼酸中的要低。B10电极的耐蚀性能随着溶液中Cl-、SO42-和S2-浓度及pH的增加而降低。温度的升高会导致光电流由p-型转为n-型,耐蚀性能急剧下降。电化学阻抗谱测量结果与光电化学方法得到的结果相一致。