全文获取类型
收费全文 | 21500篇 |
免费 | 4271篇 |
国内免费 | 8436篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 16232篇 |
晶体学 | 987篇 |
力学 | 1565篇 |
综合类 | 844篇 |
数学 | 3442篇 |
物理学 | 11137篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 62篇 |
2023年 | 203篇 |
2022年 | 816篇 |
2021年 | 806篇 |
2020年 | 750篇 |
2019年 | 691篇 |
2018年 | 712篇 |
2017年 | 1018篇 |
2016年 | 723篇 |
2015年 | 1098篇 |
2014年 | 1304篇 |
2013年 | 1766篇 |
2012年 | 1708篇 |
2011年 | 1918篇 |
2010年 | 1936篇 |
2009年 | 2023篇 |
2008年 | 2139篇 |
2007年 | 2075篇 |
2006年 | 1994篇 |
2005年 | 1768篇 |
2004年 | 1357篇 |
2003年 | 939篇 |
2002年 | 992篇 |
2001年 | 1027篇 |
2000年 | 1069篇 |
1999年 | 591篇 |
1998年 | 317篇 |
1997年 | 274篇 |
1996年 | 269篇 |
1995年 | 233篇 |
1994年 | 260篇 |
1993年 | 217篇 |
1992年 | 200篇 |
1991年 | 115篇 |
1990年 | 113篇 |
1989年 | 133篇 |
1988年 | 82篇 |
1987年 | 79篇 |
1986年 | 69篇 |
1985年 | 45篇 |
1984年 | 59篇 |
1983年 | 39篇 |
1982年 | 40篇 |
1981年 | 39篇 |
1980年 | 22篇 |
1979年 | 30篇 |
1978年 | 14篇 |
1974年 | 10篇 |
1965年 | 11篇 |
1964年 | 8篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
61.
The catalytic activities of SO42-/TiO2-MoO3 in synthesizing cyclohexanone ethylene ketal,cyclohexanone 1,2-propanediol ketal, 2-propyl-1,3-dioxolane, 4-methyl-2-isopropyl-1,3-dioxolane,2-isopropyl-1,3-dioxolane, 4-methyl-2-isopropyl-1,3-dioxolane, butanone ethy-lene ketal and butanone 1,2-propanediol ketal were reported. It has been demonstrated that SO42-/TiO2-MoO3 is an excellent catalyst. Various factors concerned in this reaction have been investigated. The optimum conditions have been found, that is, the molar ratio of aldehyde/ketone to alcohol was 1:1.5 or 1:1.3,the mass ratio of the catalyst used to the reactants was 0.25~1.5%, and the reaction time was 45~60 min. Under this conditions, the yield of cyclohexanone ethylene ketal is 82.7%, cyclohexanone 1,2-propanediol ketal is 83.4%, the yield of 2-propyl-1,3-dioxolane is 68.1%,4-methyl-2-isopropyl-1,3-dioxolane is 87.5%, the yield of 2-isopropyl-1,3-dioxolane is 70.7%,4-methyl-2-isopropyl-1,3-dioxolane is 82.5%, the yield of butanone ethylene ketal is 74.1%, and butanone 1,2-propanediol ketal is 94.9%.Some equation and experiment results concerned of the synthetic acetals or ketals were listed as follows. 相似文献
62.
CUI Xiao-bing ZHENG Shou-tian SUN Yan-qiong YANG Guo-yu ** . Coordination Hydrothermal Chemistry Group State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou P. R. China . State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Najing University Nanjing P. R. China 《高等学校化学研究》2004,(1)
IntroductionPolyoxometalatesarewidelystudiedfortheirin terestingapplicationsincatalysis ,electronicconduc tivity ,magnetism ,nonlinearopticsandmedicine[1— 4 ] .Whilethemechanismofthesynthesisofpolyoxometalatesremainselusiveandisoftende scribedasself assembly ,thereseemstobeanincreas inguseofthecombinationofthehydrothermalmethodandthestructure directingtemplate .There searchwiththismethodhasdemonstratedthatanum beroftransitionmetaloxides ,typicallyreducedmolybdenumoxides ,mixedvalancevanadiumo… 相似文献
63.
Introduction In the previous studies on the oxidation reaction,peroxydisulfate was widely used as an oxidizingagent.1-5 One of the advantages of this oxidant lies in itsstability in a wide range of pH values. The reaction be-tween Fe(CN)5L3- (L=N-aromatic heterocyclic li-gands) and S2O8 2- has been proved to proceed throughan outer-sphere electron transfer mechanism.5 For a re-action [(Eq. (1)] to be under an outer-sphere mechanismthe steps involved are the formation of a reactant … 相似文献
64.
QuanXiangwu YanPingSHI LiYANG 《中国化学快报》2004,15(12):1441-1444
From the alcoholic extract of the whole plant of Ligularia virgaurea spp. oligocephala, three novel eremophilane sesquiterpene lactones, 6α, 10α-dihydroxy- 1-oxoeremophila-7(11), 8(9)-dien-8, 12-olide, 613, 10α-dihydroxy-1-oxoeremophila-7 (ll), 8 (9)-dien-8, 12-olide and 10α-hydroxy-1-oxoeremophila-7(l 1), 8(9)-dien-8, 12-olide were isolated. Their structures were elucidated by various spectroscopic methods including intensive 2D NMR techniques (COSY,HMQC, HMBC and ^1H-^1H NOESY) and HR-MS. 相似文献
65.
Ri Cheng XUAN* Wei Xiao HU Zhong Yu YANG Ya Ping LU College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 《中国化学快报》2004,(2)
2-Chloro-5-methylpyridine is an important intermediate for the preparation of biological active compounds, especially insecticides1, e.g. imidacloprid2, and is usually manufac- tured from 3-methylpyridine N-oxide. However, the manufacturing process also forms the by-products: 3-methylpyridine and its isomer 2-chloro-3-methylpyridine3. The pro- perties of the isomers are similar, it is difficult to separate by ordinary methods, such as distillation. Scheme 1 79.4%13.6%5.2%NClCH3NCH3ClNC… 相似文献
66.
Zhong Hong YAN Chun Hao YANG Xi Han WU Yu Yuan XIEDivision of Chemistry Shanghai Second Medical University Shanghai Sate Key Laboratory of Drug Research Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica Shanghai Institutesfor Biological Sciences Shanghai 《中国化学快报》2004,(4)
The first and facile synthesis of (±)syringaresinol was described. 相似文献
67.
A Continuation Method of Parameter Inversion for Non-Equilibrium Convection-Dispersion Equation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《中国物理快报》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Based on the homotopy mapping, a globally convergent method of parameter inversion for non-equilibrium convection-dispersion equations (CDEs) is developed. Moreover, in order to further improve the computational efficiency of the algorithm, a properly smooth function, which is derived from the sigmoid function, is employed to update the homotopy parameter during iteration. Numerical results show the feature of global convergence and high performance of this method. In addition, even the measurement quantities are heavily contaminated by noises, and a good solution can be found. 相似文献
68.
69.
电站锅炉系统性能仿真模型的建立 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
1引言根据热力学第二定律,燃料中的化学拥将近一半损失在锅炉的燃烧与传热过程中。因此,优化锅炉性能对降低整个火电机组的煤耗率具有明显效果。完整的锅炉系统由磨煤机、送风机、一次风机、弓讯机、炉膛、汽包、过热器、再热器、省煤器、空气预热器等单元组成,这些单元之间的联结错综复杂。本文建立了锅炉系统中通用单元的性能模型,并在此基础上,对锅炉系统的结构特点进行了分析,利用过程系统工程中的序贯模块法建立了整个锅炉系统的性能模型。对单元的划分、回路的切断及断裂流股的收敛与迭代策略提出了自己的观点。最后根据生产厂… 相似文献
70.
映象方程多解问题的某些研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文用fp-同伦方法,在一定的技巧和变换的配合下,在紧性条件支持下,研究了赋范线性空间中一类集值映象方程的多解问题。还给出所得理论结果的一个应用。 相似文献