Protein‐Assisted Synthesis of Double‐Shelled CaCO3 Microcapsules and Their Mineralization with Heavy Metal Ions

Calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) is one of the most abundant and important biominerals in nature. Due to its biocompatibility, biodegradability and nontoxicity, CaCO₃ has been investigated extensively in recent years for various fundamental properties and technological applications. Inspired by basic wall structures of cells, we report a protein‐assisted approach to synthesize CaCO₃ into a double‐shelled structural configuration. Due to varying reactivities of outer and inner shells, the CaCO₃ microcapsules exhibit different sorption capacities and various resultant structures toward different kinds of heavy metal ions, analogical to biologically controlled mineralization (BCM) processes. Surprisingly, three mineralization modes resembling those found in BCM were found with these bacterium‐like “CaCO₃ cells”. Our investigation of the cytotoxicity (MTT assay protocol) also indicates that the CaCO₃ microcapsules have almost no cytotoxicity against HepG2 cells, and they might be useful for future application of detoxifying heavy metal ions after further study.     

K2Au(IO3)5 and β‐KAu(IO3)4: Polar Materials with Strong SHG Responses Originating from Synergistic Effect of AuO4 and IO3 Units

Two new polar potassium gold iodates, namely, K₂Au(IO₃)₅ (Cmc2₁) and β‐KAu(IO₃)₄ (C2), have been synthesized and structurally characterized. Both compounds feature zero‐dimensional polar [Au(IO₃)₄]^? units composed of an AuO₄ square‐planar unit coordinated by four IO₃^? ions in a monodentate fashion. In β‐KAu(IO₃)₄, isolated [Au(IO₃)₄]^? ions are separated by K⁺ ions, whereas in K₂Au(IO₃)₅, isolated [Au(IO₃)₄]^? ions and non‐coordinated IO₃^? units are separated by K⁺ ions. Both compounds are thermally stable up to 400 °C and exhibit high transmittance in the NIR region (λ=800–2500 nm) with measured optical band gaps of 2.65 eV for K₂Au(IO₃)₅ and 2.75 eV for β‐KAu(IO₃)₄. Powder second‐harmonic generation measurements by using λ=2.05 μm laser radiation indicate that K₂Au(IO₃)₅ and β‐KAu(IO₃)₄ are both phase‐matchable materials with strong SHG responses of approximately 1.0 and 1.3 times that of KTiOPO₄, respectively. Theoretical calculations based on DFT methods confirm that such strong SHG responses originate from a synergistic effect of the AuO₄ and IO₃ units.     

Internal quantum efficiency enhancement of silicon nanocrystals using double layer Au-rich cermet films

To improve the internal quantum efficiency of silicon nanocrystals, a double layer structure with Au-rich cermet is proposed. In the region far below surface plasmon resonance energy, effective enhancement can be still obtained, which indicates means to make surface plasmon mediated enhancement efficient in a wide wavelength region especially for long wavelength.     

A liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous quantification of escin Ia and escin Ib in human plasma: application to a pharmacokinetic study after intravenous administration

A rapid and sensitive liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS) method was developed and validated for simultaneous quantification of escin Ia and escin Ib in human plasma. After a solid‐phase extraction (SPE), the analytes were separated on a Zorbax Extend C₁₈ column by isocratic elution with a mobile phase of methanol–acetonitrile–10 mm ammonium acetate (27:27:46, v/v/v) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min and analyzed by mass spectrometry in the positive ion multiple reaction monitoring mode. The precursor to product ion transitions of m/z 1131.8 → 807.6 was used to quantify escin Ia and escin Ib. Good linearity was achieved over a wide range of 2.00–900 ng/mL for escin Ia and 1.50–662 ng/mL for escin Ib. The intra‐ and inter‐day precisions (as relative standard deviation) were less than 11% for each QC level of escin Ia and escin Ib. The accuracies (as relative error) were within ±5.27% for escin Ia and within ±4.07% for escin Ib. The method was successfully employed in a pharmacokinetic study after a single intravenous infusion administration of sodium aescinate injection containing 10 mg escin to each of the 10 healthy volunteers. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

On the existence of equilibrium points of vector functions

The equilibrium problem concerning vector functions is formulated and some results on the existence of equilibrium points for this problem are proved and applied to vector optimizations , Nash equilibrium in noncooperative games, variational inequalities etc. concerning vector functions     

回归法与作图法求解实验方程之比较

以测约利弹簧秤劲度系数为例对回归法与作图法求解实验方程作了比较，并建议在高校实验教学中推广用回归法处理数据。     

师范生化学教学设计能力构成、水平层级及发展进阶研究

教学设计能力是师范生教学能力培养的重要组成部分。利用定性与定量相结合的研究方法从“教学设计知识”“教学设计技能”“教学设计态度与意识”等3个维度构建了师范生化学教学设计能力的构成模型及水平层级模型。开发了教学案例分析和问卷等2种测评工具对师范生化学教学设计能力进行实证研究,探查了师范生在“中学化学教学设计与实践”课程中化学教学设计能力的发展进阶。结果表明:师范生教学设计知识由单一发展为多样化,教学设计的技能从没有角度进阶到了多角度,教学设计态度与意识从不积极、不自信发展为积极且自信。     

In基二氧化碳氧化丙烷脱氢催化剂的研究

二氧化碳氧化丙烷脱氢增产丙烯是提高丙烷脱氢单程转化率与二氧化碳资源化利用的重要途经,探究高效的非贵金属环保型催化剂对工业界和科学界均有重要意义。采用不同合成方法制备了系列In基催化剂,通过X射线衍射、拉曼、H2-程序升温还原、扫描电镜观测了In活性位结构。关联活性数据得出,具有InO6结构的InOx团簇或In2O3颗粒在CO2氧化丙烷脱氢气氛中能够发生氧化还原循环,从而驱动CO2及丙烷分子的活化,而水热法合成样品中不含该InO6结构,因此不具备CO2活化能力。此外,十元环MFI型Silicalite-1沸石相比十二元环的Si-Beta沸石载体能够促进CO2的吸附,也提高了CO2对丙烷分子活化的促进作用。