粒子尺寸对 Cu/MgO 上 1-辛醇转移脱氢反应的影响

 采用沉积-沉淀法制备了不同 Cu 粒子大小的 Cu/MgO 催化剂, 并考察了 Cu 粒子大小对醇类转移脱氢制醛酮反应性能的影响. 结果表明, Cu/MgO 催化剂对一级脂肪醇的转移脱氢反应具有较高的催化活性. 对于 1-辛醇脱氢, 随着 Cu 粒子的粒径由 4.6 nm 增大到 7.4 nm, 1-辛醛的收率由 65% 减小到 55%, 表现出显著的粒子尺寸效应. 反应机理研究表明, 醇首先在碱性 MgO 表面形成醇盐中间物种, 随后在 Cu 纳米粒子上进一步脱去α-氢生成醛酮, 同时脱去的氢在 Cu 纳米粒子上发生苯乙烯加氢反应, 完成醇的转移脱氢反应循环.     

均匀带电圆环片的空间静电场分布

利用1/︱r-r′︱的柱函数展开式及贝塞尔函数的性质,计算出均匀带电圆环片在空间产生的电势及场强,并对结果进行讨论;指出当所研究的问题具有轴对称性时,利用柱函数展开式能更方便地分析其形成的空间静电场,其求法对柱体、螺线管等形成的电磁场同样适用.     

Focal patterns of higher order hyperbolic-cosine-Gaussian beam with one optical vortex

Intensity distribution in focal region plays an important role in many optical systems. In this paper, the focal patterns of higher order hyperbolic-cosine-Gaussian (HOCG) beam in focal plane were investigated. The HOCG beam contains one spiral optical vortex on its optical axis. Results show that the focal pattern can be altered considerably by beam order of the incident HOCG beam, and some novel focal patterns may occur, including foursquare focal pattern, cross-shaped dark focal focus, foursquare intensity peaks chain, and multiple intensity peaks array. Focal pattern evolution principle on increasing beam order also differs remarkably under condition of different topological charge of the optical vortex and displacement parameter associated with the cosh parts. And like topological charge and displacement parameter, the beam order and numerical aperture may affect focal pattern.     

On a Waring-Goldbach-type problem for fourth powers

In this paper, we prove that every sufficiently large positive integer satisfying some necessary congruence conditions can be represented by the sum of a fourth power of integer and twelve fourth powers of prime numbers.     

微通道板玻璃的二次电子发射系数

讨论微通道板玻璃的二次电子发射系数及其影响因素。通过将Rb^ 、Cs^2 离子部分或全部代替玻璃中的K^ 离子，调整玻璃网络结构参数以及PbO与Bi2O3的摩尔比例，使玻璃的二次电子发射系数从2．7增加到3．7，改善微通道板的增益稳定性和寿命。     

单模光纤正常色散区零色散波长附近的啁啾演变特性

利用傅里叶变换法,首次推出了单模光纤正常色散区中二阶、三阶色散共同决定群速度色散效应时,所致啁啾的解析表达式.利用数位解法,模拟了零色散波长附近群速度色散效应和自相位调制效应共同导致的啁啾演变过程.计算结果表明:啁啾为非线性的,且有极值,因而导致脉冲形状的畸变.     

On-line two-step stacking in capillary zone electrophoresis for the preconcentration of strychnine and brucine

An on-line sample preconcentration method by two-step stacking i.e., sweeping and micelle to solvent stacking, in capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) has been developed for the determination of strychnine and brucine in traditional Chinese herbal medicines. After experimental optimizations, the best separation was achieved by using 75 mM phosphate buffer (pH 2.5) with 30% methanol (v/v). Compared with normal CZE injection, 51- and 38-fold improvement in concentration sensitivity was achieved for strychnine and brucine, respectively. The calibration curve was linear in the range of 0.1–5.0 μg mL⁻¹ for both strychnine and brucine, with the correlation coefficients of 0.9998 and 0.9997, respectively. The limits of detection (S/N = 3) for both alkaloids were 0.01 μg mL⁻¹. The inter-day (n = 8) and intra-day (n = 5) reproducibilities expressed as the relative standard deviations for corrected peak area were less than 9.5%. The method was applied to determine strychnine and brucine in two Chinese herbal medicines, with recoveries ranging from 94.2% to 105.4%. The results indicated that the method is simple, rapid, reliable, and can be applied to determine strychnos alkaloids in traditional Chinese herbal medicines.     

Gradient force pattern, focal shift, and focal switch in an apodized optical system

In this paper, the evolution of the gradient force pattern, focal shift, and focal switch induced by a three-portion pure phase-shifting apodizer is numerically investigated in detail. The results show that the proposed apodizer may induce tunable gradient force on the particles in the focal region, focal shift, and focal switch. By adjusting the geometrical parameters of the phase-shifting apodizer, multiple traps may occur with changeable distance between them, and the shape of the optical trap also evolves evidently. More interestingly, for certain geometrical parameters of the proposed apodizer, by changing the phase shift of inner annular portion, the considerable focal shift may occur with focal switch accompanying, which is discussed to show that this kind of apodizer may be a very promising method of transporting trapped particles.     

光纤弯曲与抗弯曲光纤

本文讨论了光纤弯曲后的性质变化，叙述了弯曲损耗与一些因素之间的关系以及对匹配包层光纤和压纸内包层光纤进行了比较，最后提出了一种对弯曲不灵敏的实用光纤。