Expression and Characterization of a Novel Antifungal Exo-β-1,3-glucanase from <Emphasis Type="Italic">Chaetomium cupreum</Emphasis>

A novel β-1,3-glucanase gene, designated Ccglu17A, was cloned from the biological control fungus Chaetomium cupreum Ame. Its 1626-bp open reading frame encoded 541 amino acids. The corresponding amino acid sequence showed highest identity (67 %) with a glycoside hydrolase family 17 β-1,3-glucanase from Chaetomium globosum. The recombinant protein Ccglu17A was successfully expressed in Pichia pastoris, and the enzyme was purified to homogeneity with 10.1-fold purification and 47.8 % recovery yield. The protein’s molecular mass was approximately 65 kDa, and its maximum activity appeared at pH 5.0 and temperature 45 °C. Heavy metal ions Fe²⁺, Mn²⁺, Cu²⁺, Co²⁺, Ag⁺, and Hg²⁺ had inhibitory effects on Ccglu17A, but Ba²⁺ promoted the enzyme’s activity. Ccglu17A exhibited high substrate specificity, almost exclusively catalyzing β-1,3-glycosidic bond cleavage in various polysaccharoses to liberate glucose. The enzyme had a Km of 2.84 mg/mL and Vmax of 10.7 μmol glucose/min/mg protein for laminarin degradation under optimal conditions. Ccglu17A was an exoglucanase with transglycosylation activity based on its hydrolytic properties. It showed potential antifungal activity with a degradative effect on cell walls and inhibitory action against the germination of pathogenic fungus. In conclusion, Ccglu17A is the first functional exo-1,3-β-glucanase to be identified from C. cupreum and has potential applicability in industry and agriculture.     

Efficient visible-light photocatalysts by constructing dispersive energy band with anisotropic p and s-p hybridization states

1. Download : Download high-res image (296KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

     

GPR40 受体苯丙酸类激动剂三维定量构效关系研究

苯丙酸类化合物是G蛋白偶联受体40(GPR40)潜在的生物活性药物。本文基于比较分子力场分析法(Co MFA)和比较分子相似性指数分析法(CoMSIA),分别建立了40个已知活性的GPR40受体苯丙酸类激动剂的三维定量构效关系(3D-QSAR)模型,研究该类激动剂与生物活性之间的关系。CoMFA和CoMSIA模型的交叉验证系数(q~2)分别为0. 527和0. 500,拟合验证系数(r~2)分别为0. 901和0. 860,两个3D-QSAR模型预测值与实验值基本一致,表明模型具有良好的可信度和预测能力。根据两个3D-QSAR模型提供的立体场、静电场、疏水场、氢键供体场和氢键受体场所提供的信息提出优化该类抑制剂结构的药物设计思路,为指导设计更高活性的GPR40激动剂以及GRR40新分子激动活性的预测提供理论依据。     

氨基化硅藻基As(Ⅴ)印迹复合材料的制备与性能

采用硅藻作为材料载体、选取氨基丙基三甲氧基硅烷(APS)作为功能单体、As(Ⅴ)为模板离子、环氧氯丙烷(ECH)为交联剂通过表面印迹组合,制备了砷离子印迹复合材料,并将其应用于二元体系中对砷离子的选择吸附。采用扫描电镜、X射线光电子能谱、傅立叶变换红外光谱及N_2吸附-脱附实验对材料进行表征,探究了硅藻基表面印迹法的搭接方式:氨基丙基三甲氧基硅烷首先通过缩合反应脱去甲氧基,与硅藻表面的活性羟基形成了(Si-O)_3≡Si-R结构,在硅藻表面形成有效接枝,通过环氧氯丙烷与APS中的氨基交联形成印迹结合位点,从而在硅藻表面形成了具有As(Ⅴ)选择性的复合印迹孔穴。采用选择性系数法,得出离子印迹复合材料对砷离子(As(Ⅴ))的去除率为98%,相对选择性系数(k′)均大于1.5。     

热裂解-气相色谱-质谱联用技术研究多羟基吡嗪的热裂解行为

采用热裂解-气相色谱-质谱联用技术（Py—GC-MS）,选择不同温度,在空气存在的条件下对烟叶重要组分多羟基吡嗪进行了热裂解挥发性成分分析,结果表明：该方法具有较好的重复性（相对标准偏差〈1．1％）;不同温度下挥发性的热裂解产物不同;该化合物的热裂解能够产生吡嗪类化合物,而且,随着热裂解温度的升高吡嗪类化合物的含量增加。在挥发性的热裂解产物中,在300℃时吡嗪类化合物只占8．35％,吡啶类化合物占19．07％;在600℃时吡嗪类化合物占16．96％,吡啶类化合物占30．58％;在900℃时吡嗪类化合物占21．61％,吡啶类化合物占27．08％。     

Synthesis of Polymer-Bonded Carbonyl Ruthenium (Ⅱ) and Osmium (Ⅱ) Porphyrins

Studyonmetalloporphyrincomplexesusedasenzymemodelcatalyzingtheoxidationofalkaneandepoxidationofalkeneiscurrentlyaveryactiveresearchfieldl.ThereactivityofrutheniumporphyrincomplexeswasusedasoxidationcatalystsbecausetheirrelationstocytochromeP-450haveb...     

废旧塑料回收利用技术的现状及发展趋势

本文详细综述了从３０年代到现在国内外废旧塑料再生利用技术发展的过程及近几年废塑料回收最新技术,对未来废旧塑料回收利用技术的发展趋势进行了预测     

溶胶凝胶法制备固定化酶柱并应用于化学发光型的葡萄糖传感器

溶胶凝胶过程以期纯度高,均匀性强,处理温度低,反应条件易于控制等优点成为生物传感器中一种颇具前途的固化方法。利用硅酸乙酯的溶胶凝胶化过程对葡萄糖氧化酶进行固化,并制备了不同载体下的ＧＯＤ酶柱。实验结果表明ＧＯＤ可在ＳｉＯ２的溶胶凝胶体中保持较高的活性。     

聚氯乙烯/木纤维复合材料的研究Ⅰ.硬脂酸和ABS改性木纤维对复合材料力学性能的影响

为改善聚氯乙烯（PVC）和木纤维两者的界面亲合性，提高PVC／木纤维复合材料的机械力学性能，分别用硬脂酸和ABS来改性木纤维的表面，研究发现用硬脂酸处理木纤维可提高复合材料的拉伸强度，但对复合材料的冲击强度影响不大．ABS处理木纤维可同时提高复合材料的拉伸强度和冲击强度。本文也研究了改性剂用量和木纤维含量对复合材料力学性能的影响。     

A study of a nonprimitive model for electrolyte solutions based on perturbation theory

The equation for the Helmholtz free energy for systems of small anisotropic molecules and ions is deduced by substituting the complete expression for various potential energies (including repulsive, dispersive, electrostatic, and induced energies) into the perturbation expansion. The equation is applied to pure water. The relative dielectric constant is set at unity. Based on the equal chemical potentials of equilibrated vapor and liquid phases, the molecular parameters of water are regressed from the densities of saturated vapor in the temperature range of 0 to 370°C. The ARD of regression is 1.16%. These parameters are used to predict the heat of vaporization and densities of saturated vapor and liquid phases of water in the same temperature range. The ARDs of prediction are 4.5% and 9.8%, respectively. The equation is used to correlate the osmotic coefficients of twelve 1:1 electrolyte solutions. The relative dielectric constant is set at unity. The parameters (Soft-sphere diameter and dispersive constant) of seven ions (Na⁺, K⁺, Rb⁺, Cs⁺, Cl^–, Br^–, and I^–) are obtained. The total average absolute deviation between calculated and experimental values of the osmotic coefficient is 0.041. The parameters of ions can keep constant in different systems.