A SQUID gradiometer module with large junction shunt resistors

A dual-washer superconducting quantum interference device(SQUID) with a loop inductance of 350 pH and two onwasher integrated input coils is designed according to conventional niobium technology. In order to obtain a large SQUID flux-to-voltage transfer coefficient, the junction shunt resistance is selected to be 33 ?. A vertical SQUID gradiometer module with a baseline of 100 mm is constructed by utilizing such a SQUID and a first-order niobium wire-wound antenna.The sensitivity of this module reaches about 0.2 fT/(cm·Hz1/2) in the white noise range using a direct readout scheme, i.e.,the SQUID is directly connected to an operational amplifier, in a magnetically shielded room. Some magnetocardiography(MCG) measurements with a sufficiently high signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) are demonstrated.     

FOURIER ANALYSIS OF TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL OSCILLATIONS OF TUNNELING CURRENT IN SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPY

Partially oxidized Si(111) surfaces and surfaces of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) were studied by two different ultrahigh vacuum scanning tunneling microscope (UHV-STM) systems and by an STM system working under ambient conditions, respectively. The STM current images of partially oxidized Si(111) surfaces and HOPG surfaces were analyzed by one/two-dimensional fast Fourier transformation (1D-FFT/2D-FFT). The phenomenon of temporal oscillations of tunneling current on the partially oxidized Si(111) surfaces was detected with both UHV-STM systems. Temporal as well as spatial oscillations of tunneling current appeared in highly resolved STM current images of the Si(111) surfaces simultaneously, but both kinds of oscillations could be discriminated according to their different influence on the 2D-FFT spectra of the current images, while varying the scanning range and rate. On clean HOPG surfaces only spatial oscillations of tunneling current induced by the surface structure were observed.     

X射线相衬成像

本文介绍了近年来X射线位相衬度成像技术的发展状况，详细论述了X射线干涉相衬、衍射增强相衬，类同轴相衬和数字位相重构等几种典型的成像原理，讨论了影响成像衬度与分辨率的若干因素，并对位相成像的发展趋势作了展望。     

N,O-羧甲基壳聚糖的合成和性质研究

采用多段升温法将壳聚糖改性 ,合成了取代度为 1.84、平均分子量为 3.0 8× 10 5、等电点为 7.2 8的N ,O 羧甲基壳聚糖 (CMC) ,分别用紫外光谱、红外光谱、荧光光谱对其结构进行了表征 ,并对其水溶液的Zeta电位、电导率、表面张力以及水分散体系中羧甲基壳聚糖微粒的粒径分布进行了研究 .结果表明 ,N ,O 羧甲基壳聚糖具有表面活性 ;介质的pH值和浓度对羧甲基壳聚糖溶液的稳定性有很大的影响     

柔性有机场效应晶体管研究进展

柔性有机场效应晶体管具有可折叠、质量轻、低成本等优点,在柔性显示、柔性传感器、柔性射频标签和柔性集成电路等方面显示了广阔的应用前景.本文在介绍柔性有机场效应 晶体管最新研究进展的基础上, 总结了柔性有机场效应晶体管的器件结构和柔性有机场效应晶体管所使用的衬底材料、 栅绝缘层材料、有源层材料及电极材料, 阐述了柔性有机场效应晶体管的制备工艺, 并讨论了不同的弯曲方式对柔性有机场效应晶体管性能的影响, 最后总结和展望了柔性有机场效应晶体管的应用领域. 关键词： 柔性 晶体管 有机/聚合物 溶液加工     

采用光纤技术实现拉曼光谱和扫描隧道显微镜实时联用测试

设计并制作了与扫描隧道显微镜（ＳＴＭ）探头和拉曼光谱仪相适配的光纤探测装置，该装置采用配有不很短焦距的自聚焦透镜以获得较大的相对孔径，并使用多束光纤以充分利用扫描隧道显微镜探针周围有限空间，提高了拉曼散射光的收集效率，获得具有较高信噪比的拉曼谱图，在该装置的基础上进一步建立拉曼－扫描隧道显微镜联用系统，初步实验表明该联用系统用于实时研究固／气和固／液界面体系是可行的，即利用扫描隧道显微镜可获得固体     

Uniaxial stress influence on lattice, band gap and optical properties of n-type ZnO： first-principles calculations

The lattice,the band gap and the optical properties of n-type ZnO under uniaxial stress are investigated by firstprinciples calculations.The results show that the lattice constants change linearly with stress.Band gaps are broadened linearly as the uniaxial compressive stress increases.The change of band gap for n-type ZnO comes mainly from the contribution of stress in the c-axis direction,and the reason for band gap of n-type ZnO changing with stress is also explained.The calculated results of optical properties reveal that the imaginary part of the dielectric function decreases with the increase of uniaxial compressive stress at low energy.However,when the energy is higher than 4.0 eV,the imaginary part of the dielectric function increases with the increase of stress and a blueshift appears.There are two peaks in the absorption spectrum in an energy range of 4.0-13.0 eV.The stress coefficient of the band gap of n-type ZnO is larger than that of pure ZnO,which supplies the theoretical reference value for the modulation of the band gap of doped ZnO.     

激光加载下铝材料的冲击温度测量

利用神光Ⅱ装置上搭建的用于激光冲击波实验的温度诊断系统（该系统包括高时空分辨的扫描高温计和谱时分辨的扫描高温计）,以强激光加载铝材料冲击温度的测量,获得了铝材料冲击高温辐射发光谱的高时空分辨信号图像,结合灰体辐射理论模型,计算得到了冲击波速度19.06 km/s时铝材料的冲击温度达2.95 eV,该温度与SESAME库中冲击温度接近。研究结果表明采用该测温系统能够有效诊断金属材料的冲击温度,为后续进一步获取金属材料冲击温度数据奠定了基础。     

激光辐照下皮肤组织光热响应有限元分析

为了更好地选择临床激光医疗曝光参量,采用有限元数值计算方法,模拟了脉冲激光与连续激光对人皮肤组织的光热作用及导致的温度变化效应,比较了两者的不同,得到了热响应时间及热弛豫时间与组织深度的关系,即组织越深(0～60 μm),其热响应时间(0～4 ms)与热弛豫时间(0.4～12.1 ms)越长;分析了激光脉宽长短对组织升温的影响;建立了评价脉冲间热损失的评价函数δ,并以此对脉冲间隔的选取作了探讨.     

Realization of Toffoli gate operation using four-level atoms in cavity QED system

This paper proposes a scheme for realization of a three-qubit Toffoli gate operation using three four-level atoms by a selective atom--field interaction in a cavity quantum electrodynamics system. In the proposed protocol, the quantum information is encoded on the stable ground states of atoms, and atomic spontaneous emission is negligible as the large atom--cavity detuning effectively suppresses the spontaneous decay of the atoms. The influence of the dissipation on fidelity and success probability of the three-qubit Toffoli gate is also discussed. The scheme can also be applied to realize an N-qubit Toffoli gate and the interaction time required does not rise with increasing the number of qubits.