原子非序列双电离的多次返回碰撞电离机理分析

本文采用三维半经典再散射模型研究了He原子在高光强(1.5×10¹⁵ W/cm²)、少周波激光脉冲作用下的非序列双电离问题,重点分析了沿激光电场极化方向的动量关联谱.发现两个电子沿相反方向发射的比例明显比中等光强区(7×10¹⁴ W/cm²)和低光强区(2.5×10¹⁴ W/cm²),以及同等光强的长脉冲情形都偏高, 同时V形结构也更加明显.通过轨道"回溯"分析, 进一步深入 关键词： 强场 非序列双电离 再散射     

不同开关频率下电压控制升压变换器中的Hopf分岔分析

由于电压控制升压变换器的传统平均模型中没有包含开关频率,从而无法分析开关频率的大小对电压控制升压变换器中Hopf分岔的影响. 通过建立电压控制升压变换器的含有开关频率的改进平均模型,分析了开关频率对电压控制升压变换器中Hopf分岔的影响,并设计硬件电路,给出电路试验结果. 研究表明:采用电压控制升压变换器的改进平均模型,可以有效地分析不同开关频率对电压控制升压变换器中Hopf分岔的影响; 随着开关频率的减小,电压控制升压变换器更易于发生Hopf分岔. 关键词： 改进平均模型 电压控制升压变换器 开关频率     

微系统中转矩及电渗流作用下的微粒子电动旋转操控

微粒子的电动旋转操控是表征分散系中微粒子介电特性的有效方法.低雷诺数微系统中,以Maxwell-Wagner极化理论为基础,进行了转矩作用下的微粒子电动旋转机理研究,推导了此机理作用下微粒子电动旋转峰值速度所对应的特征频率,分析了弛豫时间对粒子旋转方向的影响,对转矩作用下的微粒子电动旋转速度进行仿真;以双电层理论为基础,对电渗流导致的微粒子电动旋转机理进行定性分析,提出具有金修饰的粒子表面更适合电渗流作用下的电动旋转研究.分别以羧基修饰的聚苯乙烯微球以及表面被金修饰的聚苯乙烯微球为操控对象,进行电动旋转实 关键词： 微系统 电动旋转 转矩 电渗流     

纳米Fe3 O4 颗粒的正电子湮没谱学研究

测量了磁性纳米Fe₃O₄颗粒的X射线衍射谱(XRD)、正电子湮没寿命谱(PALS)和符合多普勒展宽谱(CDBS),研究了不同压力和退火温度对磁性纳米Fe₃O₄颗粒物相、电子结构、缺陷及电子动量分布等的影响. XRD,PALS,CDBS测量结果表明:纳米Fe₃O₄颗粒的缺陷浓度随压力的增加而增大,但物相和缺陷类型并未发生变化;磁性纳米Fe₃O_{4< 关键词： 正电子 3}O₄')" href="#">Fe₃O₄ 寿命谱 多普勒展宽谱     

Unidirectional transmission realized by two nonparallel gratings made of isotropic media

We realize a unidirectional transmission by cascading two nonparallel gratings (NPGs) made of isotropic, lossless, and linear media. For a pair of orthogonal linear polarizations, one of the gratings is designed as a polarizer, which is a reflector for one polarization and a transmitter for the other; another grating is designed as a polarization converter, which converts most of one polarized incident wave into another polarized transmitted wave. It is demonstrated by numerical calculation that more than 85% of the incident light energy can be transmitted with less than 1% transmission in the opposite direction for linearly polarized light at normal incidence, and the relative bandwidth of the unidirectional transmission is nearly 9%. The maximum transmission contrast ratio between the two directions is 62 dB. Unlike one-way diffraction grating, the transmitted light of the NPGs is collinear with the incident light, but their polarizations are orthogonal.     

RGDS-fuctionalized alginates improve the survival rate of encapsulated embryonic stem cells during cryopreservation

Cryopreservation of stem cells, especially embryonic stem cells, is problematic because of low post-thaw cell survival rates and spontaneous differentiation following recovery. In this investigation, mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) were encapsulated in arginine-glycine-aspartic acid-serine (RGDS)-coupled calcium alginates (1.2 percent, w/v), allowed to attach to the substratum and then cryopreserved in 10 percent (v/v) dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solution at a slow cooling rate of 1 C per min. RGDS coupling to alginate was confirmed by Transmission Fourier Transform Infra-Red spectroscopy (T-FTIR) and quantified by using ninhydrin-Ultraviolet/Visible light (ninhydrin-UV/VIS) assay. Flow cytometry data showed that mESCs cryopreserved in RGDS-alginate beads had a higher expression of stem cell markers compared with cells cryopreserved in suspension or cells cryopreserved in unmodified alginates. Cell viability after thawing was assessed using trypan blue exclusion assay and monitored using Alamar blue assay for 6 hours. It was shown that post-thaw cell survival rate was significantly higher for cells encapsulated in RGDS-modified alginate (93 ± 2 percent, mean and standard error) than those in suspension (52 ± 2 percent) or in unmodified alginates (62 ± 3 percent). These results showed that cells encapsulated and attached to a substratum have better survival rate and stem cell marker expression 24 hours after cryopreservation than those in suspension. Encapsulation in RGDS-alginate was optimized for peptide concentration, cryoprotective agent loading time and cooling rate. The best result was obtained when using 12.5 mg peptide per g alginate, 30 minutes loading time and 1 C per min cooling rate.     

Elementary heterogeneously polarized field modeling

An approach for experimental modeling of elementary field cells with heterogeneous polarization is proposed. It is shown that such cells may be obtained by the superposition of orthogonally linearly polarized waves with relatively simple phase surfaces and close intensities. The experimental arrangement for obtaining elementary field cells is suggested. The characteristics of a polarization cell may be easily changed by the change of superposed beam parameters. The results of experimental investigation are presented.     

High spatial resolution distributed strain sensor based on linear chirped fiber Bragg grating and fiber loop ringdown spectroscopy

A simple sensor system for high spatial resolution distributed strain field measurement is proposed and demonstrated experimentally. The fiber loop ringdown technique combined with a linear chirped fiber Bragg grating is used to realize the high spatial resolution. A proof-of-concept distributed strain sensor with 2?mm spatial resolution is realized. The sensor network is also explored and researched experimentally. The proposed technique suggests a broad range of applications for real-time distributed physical parameter sensing, such as strain or temperature.     

Continuous-wave fiber cavity ring-down measurements using frequency-shifted interferometry

We present a spatial-domain fiber cavity ring-down (CRD) technique that does not require optical pulses for time-resolved detection. Instead of measuring the intensity decay rate of an optical pulse in the time domain as in conventional CRD experiments, we measure the decay rate of a CW signal in a ring-down cavity (RDC) using frequency-shifted interferometry in the spatial domain, as a function of distance traveled by the light. As a proof-of-concept demonstration, we measured fiber bend loss in a loop RDC using this technique, and a cavity loss change as low as 0.0135 dB induced by every fiber turn on a mandrel was unambiguously discerned.     

Temperature-independent silicon subwavelength grating waveguides

We demonstrate, by experiment and numerical calculations, temperature-independent subwavelength grating waveguides with a periodic composite core composed of alternating regions of silicon and SU-8 polymer. The polymer has a negative thermo-optic (TO) material coefficient that cancels the large positive TO effect of the silicon. Measurements and Bloch mode calculations were carried out over a range of silicon-polymer duty ratios. The lowest measured TO coefficient at a wavelength of 1550 nm is 1.8×10(-6) K(-1); 2 orders of magnitude smaller than a conventional silicon photonic wire waveguide. Calculations predict the possibility of complete cancellation of the silicon waveguide temperature dependence.