Fast spin state initialization in a singly charged InAs-GaAs quantum dot by optical cooling

Quantum computation requires a continuous supply of rapidly initialized qubits for quantum error correction. Here, we demonstrate fast spin state initialization with near unity efficiency in a singly charged quantum dot by optically cooling an electron spin. The electron spin is successfully cooled from 5 to 0.06 K at a magnetic field of 0.88 T applied in Voigt geometry. The spin cooling rate is of order 10(9) s-1, which is set by the spontaneous decay rate of the excited state.     

Simultaneous Magneto-Optical Trapping of Fermionic ^40K and Bosonic ^87Rb Atoms

We report on simultaneous magneto-optical trapping of fermionic ^40K and bosonic 87Rb atoms. This trap is the first step towards quantum degenerate fermi gas ^40K. Laser lights for the two-species magneto-optical trap （MOT） are generated from diode lasers and tapered amplifier. The enriched ^40K dispenser is utilized in the experimental setup. We obtain up to 10^7 -10^8 ^40K and 10^8 -10^9 ^87Rb atoms respectively in the steady-state single-species MOT.     

Differential algebraic method for time of flight property of electrostatic electron lenses

Differential algebraic method is a powerful technique in computer numerical analysis. It presents a straightforward method for computing arbitrary order derivatives of functions with extreme high accuracy limited only by the truncation error of the computer. When applied to nonlinear dynamical systems, the arbitrary high-order transfer properties of the systems can be computed directly with high precision. In this article, the time of flight (TOF) property of electrostatic electron lens systems is studied by differential algebraic method and their arbitrary order TOF transfer properties can be numerically calculated. As an example, Schiske's model electrostatic lens has been studied by the efficient differential algebraic TOF method.     

原子的波动性

激光冷却所达到的低温明确地显示出量子力学最使人着迷的结论之一:原子和其他一些实物粒子的波动性,这是路易·德布罗意早在1924年就预言了的①.越冷的粒子,越能显示出它们的波动性.近年来,两个新的很活跃的领域显示出与光的波动光学同样的效应:原子光学和原子干涉度量学.     

H_2—O_2爆轰时Ar浓度对产生胞格结构的影响

作者在方形爆轰管中进行了H_2—O_2—Ar系统的实验研究。在由Ar稀释的H_2—O_2混合物的爆轰实验中得到了规则的胞格结构图案。也得到了胞格形成的临界曲线,并与爆炸极限曲线进行了对照,两者的趋势是一致的。另外,测量了从点火处到胞格形成处之间的距离及胞格区的长度。最后分析了氩Ar浓度对H_2—O_2爆轰的抑制作用。     

Attenuation correction for dedicated breast PET using only emission data based on consistency conditions

Accurate attenuation correction is required in dedicated breast PET imaging systems for image artifact removal and quantitative studies. In this study, a method using only emission data based on consistency conditions is proposed for attenuation correction in breast PET imaging systems. The consistency conditions are exploited to evaluate the accuracy of the estimated attenuation distribution and find the appropriate parameters that yield the most consistent attenuation distribution with the measured emission data. We have proved the validity of the method with experimental investigations and single-patient studies using a dedicated breast PET. The results show that the method is capable of accurately estimating the attenuation distribution of a uniform attenuator from the experimental data with various relatively low activities. The results also show that in single-patient studies, the method is robust for the irregular boundary of breast tissue and provides a distinct improvement in image quality.     

飞秒强激光场中水分子的电离激发

本文运用含时密度泛函理论和分子动力学非绝热耦合的方法, 研究了水分子在不同极化方向的激光场中的电离和动力学行为. 计算结果表明, 对应相同的极化方向, 随着激光强度的增加, 水分子的电离增强; 对于相同强度的激光, 当激光极化方向沿水分子对称轴方向时, 水分子的电离最强, 当激光极化方向垂直水分子对称轴方向时, 水分子电离受到最大程度的抑制. 对水分子偶极矩的研究表明, 当分子处于线性响应区域时, x方向的激光只能激发起x方向的偶极振动而y方向的激光只能激发起y方向的偶极振动. 对水分子的键长和键角的研究表明, 在激光场中水分子的键长变长, 键角变大, 但变化幅度随着激光极化角的增大而减小. 此外, 研究还发现, 虽然在不同极化方向的激光脉冲的驱动下, 水分子OH键的振动频率与激光频率相当, 在脉冲关闭后, 振动频率减小, 但激光场的极化方向对水分子振动模式具有选择性. 关键词： 含时密度泛函理论 分子动力学 水分子 电离     

Synthesis and Spectra of a Kind of Novel Longer-Wavelength Benzoxazole Indole Styryl Cyanine Dye with a Carbazole-Bridged Chain

Based on cyanine dye probe oxazole yellow (YO) and Cy₃, a series of novel styryl cyanine dyes were designed and synthesized. Carbazole was inserted into the structures of YO and Cy₃ to act as a bridge to link the benzoxazole and indole group. This modification resulted in a novel kind of benzoxazole indole styryl cyanine dye with a carbazole-bridged chain. The dyes were characterized by ¹HNMR and MS. The spectra of the novel dyes were also performed and the results showed that the maximum emission wavelength of the carbazole styryl cyanine dye was shifted red, the Stokes shift increased and the fluorescence intensity enhanced compared with those of YO and Cy₃. These results indicated that the novel dye could be used as an excellent fluorescent probe in biological labeling.     

强非局域非线性介质中强光导引的弱光呼吸子传输规律研究

研究了强光导引的弱光呼吸子传输问题. 尽管弱光本身的非线性效应可以忽略, 但强光通过强非局域非线性效应会对弱光形成约束并与弱光本身的衍射效应达到动态平衡, 从而形成呼吸子. 得到了弱光呼吸子的解析表达式, 在此基础上分析了其束宽的呼吸演化规律, 并对弱光呼吸子整体轨迹的形状、方位、旋向等性质进行了系统的研究.     

Ge组分分布对基区杂质非均匀分布的SiGe HBT温度特性的影响

众所周知, 双极型晶体管的设计主要是基区的设计. 一般而言, 基区的杂质分布是非均匀的. 本文首先研究了非均匀的杂质高斯分布对器件温度分布、增益和截止频率的温度特性的影响, 发现增益和截止频率具有正温度系数, 体内温度较高. 随后研究了基区Ge组分分布对这些器件参数的影响. 均匀Ge组分分布和梯形Ge组分分布的SiGe 异质结双极型晶体管增益和截止频率具有负温度系数, 具有较好的体内温度分布. 进一步的研究表明, 具有梯形Ge组分分布的SiGe 异质结双极型晶体管, 由于Ge组分缓变引入了少子加速电场, 不但使它的增益和截止频率具有较高的值, 而且保持了较弱的温度敏感性, 在增益、特征频率大小及其温度敏感性、体内温度分布达到了很好的折中.