Initial growth of intrinsic microcrystalline silicon thin film: Dependence on pre-hydrogen glow discharge and substrate surface morphology

We found the decreases of amorphous incubation volume from Raman spectra and surface roughness from AFM in hydrogenated microcrystalline silicon (μc-Si:H) films deposited with a pre-hydrogen glow discharge. The above phenomena are attributed to the increase in the nuclei density as observed by AFM measurements. Substrate surface morphology of eagle2000 glass modified by wet etching also has a positive effect on the nucleation and crystalline formation. In addition, μc-Si:H doped layer is also beneficial for decreasing the amorphous incubation layer thickness because of surface roughness and crystallinity in the μc-Si:H doped layer.     

Microwave-assisted rapid synthesis of Pt/graphene nanosheet composites and their application for methanol oxidation

Polymer-free Pt/graphene nanosheet (GN) composites have been rapidly prepared by a one-step microwave-assisted reduction method, carried out by ethylene glycol reduction of H₂PtCl₆ in a graphene oxide suspension. Several analytic techniques including UV?Cvis spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy have been used to characterize the resulting Pt/GN composites. It suggests that such composites exhibit good catalytic activity toward methanol oxidation.     

Apigenin and Ampicillin as Combined Strategy to Treat Severe Streptococcus suis Infection

As an important zoonotic pathogen, Streptococcus suis (S. suis) can cause a variety of diseases both in human and animals, especially Streptococcal toxic shock-like syndrome (STSLS), which commonly appears in severe S. suis infection. STSLS is often accompanied by excessive production of inflammatory cytokines, which is the main cause of host death. Therefore, it is urgent to find a new strategy to relieve the damage caused by STSLS. In this study, we found, for the first time, that apigenin, as a flavonoid compound, could combine with ampicillin to treat severe S. suis infection. Studies found that apigenin did not affect the growth of S. suis and the secretion of suilysin (SLY), but it could significantly inhibit the hemolytic activity of SLY by directly binding to SLY and destroying its secondary structure. In cell assays, apigenin was found to have no significant toxic effects on effective concentrations, and have a good protective effect on S. suis-infected cells. More importantly, compared with the survival rate of S. suis-infected mice treated with only ampicillin, the survival rate of apigenin combined with an ampicillin-treated group significantly increased to 80%. In conclusion, all results indicate that apigenin in combination with conventional antibiotics can be a potential strategy for treating severe S. suis infection.     

气液分离富集-分光光度法测定固体废物中氰化物的含量

固体废物是指在生产生活中产生的污染环境的固态、半固态废弃物质,按来源大致可分为生活垃圾、一般工业固体废物和危险废物等3种[1-2]。环保部于2007年对危险废物管理名录、危险废物鉴别等标准进行了修订,国家标准GB 5085.3-2007规定氰化物的含量是危险废物鉴别的重要指标之一。氰化物具有高毒性且作用非常迅速,进入人体后会阻断细胞呼吸作用,造成人体缺氧窒息[3-4]。含氰化物的固体废物主要来源于染料、涂料、电镀、化学试剂、医药、冶金工业和合成树脂等行业[5],如果不妥善收集、利用和处理将会污染大气、水体和土壤,进而危害人体健康[6]。     

Facile Synthesis of Well‐Dispersed Silver Nanoparticles on Hierarchical Flower‐like Ni3Si2O5(OH)4 with a High Catalytic Activity towards 4‐Nitrophenol Reduction

Layered nickel silicate nanoflowers (NSFs) with a hierarchical nanostructure have been successfully fabricated by a template‐free solvothermal method. The as‐prepared nanoflowers were composed of many interconnected edge‐curving lamellae with a thickness of about 15 nm and had a high specific surface area (279 m² g^?1) and large pore volume (0.67 cm³ g^?1). The highly dispersed small silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were immobilized on the surface of NSFs through the in situ reduction of Ag⁺ by Sn²⁺. The AgNP/NSF nanocomposites showed a high performance in the catalytic reduction of 4‐nitrophenol. In particular, there was no visible decrease in the catalytic activity of the reused catalysts even after being recycled four times. The as‐prepared AgNP/NSF nanocomposites might be an excellent catalyst owing to their availability, formability, chemical and thermal stability, and high specific surface area.     

Deformable double-shelled hollow mesoporous organosilica nanocapsules:A multi-interfacial etching strategy

Multishelled hollow structures have drawn increasing interest because of their peculiar compartmentation environments and physicochemical properties.In this work,deformable double-shelled hollow mesoporous o rganosilica nanocapsules(DDHMONs) were succes s fully synthesized by a multi-interfacial etching strategy.The obtained DDHMONs have a double-shelled structure with aninorganic-organic hybrid framework,a uniform outer layer(～320 nm) and inner layer(～180 nm),ordered mesochannels(～2.21 nm),and a large specific surface area(～1233 m~2/g).In vitro toxicity tests show that the DDHMONs have excellent biocompatibility when coincubated with human breast cancer cells.In addition,the anti cancer substance doxorubicin(DOX) can be highly loaded in DDHMONs(～335 μg/mg).The results from flow cytometry together with confocal laser scanning microscopy show that DOX can be efficiently delivered into MCF-7 cells by DDHMONs,thus improving chemotherapeutic efficiency and demonstrating that DDHMONs have potential nanomedicine applications as anticancer agents.     

Influence of embedded boron nitride nanosheets on Fe3+ diffusion in Fricke gel dosimeter and its response to γ rays

Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry - The Fe3+ diffusion in Fricke gel dosimeter, widely used for the measurement of accurate dose distributions in radiotherapy, results in a gradual...     

Oxidative Dissolution of Resoles: A Versatile Approach to Intricate Nanostructures

Resoles are resins obtained by base‐catalyzed phenol–formaldehyde condensation with a three‐dimensional cross‐linked framework. They are considered as highly chemical‐resistant, and calcination is thus generally used in the treatment of resole‐type resins, which significantly limits the diversity of nanostructured materials that can be derived from resole‐type resins. Herein, we report that selected metal nitrate solutions can be used to dissolve various types of nanostructured resoles through an oxidative dissolution process. This strategy not only enables the controlled dissolution of resoles, but more importantly provides a new approach to selectively etch resole‐based nanocomposites to give rise to a variety of nanostructured materials with unprecedented architectures and great potential in bioapplications.     

The application of Shuffled Frog Leaping Algorithm to Wavelet Neural Networks for acoustic emission source location

When using acoustic emission to locate the friction fault source of rotating machinery, the effects of strong noise and waveform distortion make accurate locating difficult. Applying neural network for acoustic emission source location could be helpful. In the BP Wavelet Neural Network, BP is a local search algorithm, which falls into local minimum easily. The probability of successful search is low. We used Shuffled Frog Leaping Algorithm (SFLA) to optimize the parameters of the Wavelet Neural Network, and the optimized Wavelet Neural Network to locate the source. After having performed the experiments of friction acoustic emission's source location on the rotor friction test machine, the results show that the calculation of SFLA is simple and effective, and that locating is accurate with proper structure of the network and input parameters.