铋钙钒石榴石型铁氧体穆斯堡尔效应的研究

穆斯堡尔效应是指固体中无反冲的核γ射线的共振吸收。利用这一效应可以研究固态物质的微观结构,例如磁超精细相互作用、电四极相互作用和同质异能移位等,以及微观结构与宏观性能的关系。通过这项研究,可以获得有关固体的晶体结构、电子构型、磁性和晶场等的认识。因此,在固体物理、磁学、材料科学以及化学、地球科学、生物学和工农业生产中,这一效应都越来越获得较为广泛的应用。     

V(100)表面上S和O偏析的LEED—AES研究

用AES,LEED等表面分析手段,对V(100)表面上杂质S,O偏析作了详细研究。明确了S,O偏析关系;发现(8×1)-O,(4×1)-O两个新的表面结构;系统观察和分析了V(100)表面在不同S,O偏析量情况下的各种表面超结构,并获得这些表面超结构的相互关系。 关键词：     

Si／SiNx／SiO2多层膜的光致发光

采用射频磁控溅射法,制备了具有强光致可见发光的纳米Si/SiNx/SiO2多层膜,利用傅立叶红外吸收(FTIR)谱,光致发光(PL)谱对其进行了研究。用260nm光激发得到的PL谱中观察到高强度的392nm(3.2eV)和670nm(1.9eV)光致发光峰,分析认为它们分别来自于缺陷态≡Si-到价带顶和从导带底到缺陷态≡Si-的辐射跃迁而产生的光致激发辐射复合发光。PL谱中只有370nm(3.4eV)处发光峰的峰位会受退火温度的影响,结合FTIR谱认为370nm发光与低价氧化物—SiOx(x<2.0)结合体有密不可分的关系。当SiO2层的厚度增大时,发光强度有所增强,800℃退火后出现最强发光,认为具有较大SiO2层厚度的Si/SiNx/SiO2结构多层膜更有利于退火后形成Si—N网络,能够得到更高效的光致发光。用量子限制-发光中心(QCLC)模型解释了可能的发光机制,并建立了发光的能隙态(EGS)模型。     

固定床气体吸附过程温升的计算模型

本文采用等温模型、非等温绝热模型和非等温定壁温模型对二氧化碳占10%的二氧化碳氮气双组分气体在吸附剂沸石13X上吸附过程进行了数值模拟,并对结果进行了分析.结果表明三种模型计算的结果差别很大,非等温非绝热模型的分离效果,温升幅度均处于另两种模型之间,温度对吸附过程有着巨大的影响,必须考虑边界条件和吸附剂热物性的影响.采用非等温非平衡模型进行吸附过程模拟是最合理的.     

Transmutation of nuclear wastes using photonuclear reactions triggered by Compton backscattering photons at the Shanghai laser electrongamma source

Based on the facility of the Shanghai Laser Electron Gamma Source (SLEGS),the transmutation for nuclear wastes such as 137Cs and 129I is investigated.It is found that nuclear waste can be transmuted efficiently via photonuclear reaction triggered by gamma photons generated from Compton backscattering between CO2 laser photons and 3.5 GeV electrons.The nuclear activities of 137Cs and 129I are evaluated and compared with the results of transmutation triggered by bremsstrahlung gamma photons driven by ultra intense laser.Due to the better character of gamma photon spectrum as well as the high brightness of gamma photons,the transmutation rate of Compton backscattering method is much higher than that of the bremsstrahlung method.     

Hermitian Operators Conjugate to Two-Mode Number-Difference Operator Studied in Entangled State Representation

In similar to the derivation of phase angle operator conjugate to the number operator by Arroyo Carrasco-Moya Cessay we deduce the Hermitian phase operators that are conjugate to the two-mode number-difference operator and the three-mode number combination operator. It is shown that these operators are on the same footing in the entangled state representation as the one of Turski in the coherent state representation.     

边界积分方程法求解目标的声散射T矩阵

提出了计算任意表面形状刚性边界目标散射的基于边界积分方程的T矩阵方法(TMM-BIE).利用Helmholtz积分方程法(HIEM)计算目标表面声场,替代扩展边界法(EBCM)计算中对目标表面声场的近似处理,解决了扩展边界法不能计算任意形状目标的散射T矩阵问题.文中计算了刚性边界的球目标、有限长圆柱目标以及非对称的三维散射体-猫眼(cat's-eye)模型的散射指向性和T矩阵.通过与解析解和HIEM结果比较,证明该方法的有效性.     

Facile Synthesis of Bi2MoO6 Nanosheets@Nitrogen and Sulfur Codoped Graphene Composites for Sodium-ion Batteries

Recently,sodium-ion batteries gradually become the promising alternative to lithium-ion batteries because of cost considerations.In this work,a kind of Bi2MoO6 nanosheets@N,S codoped graphene composite is designed and fabricated for sodium storage applications.Detailed characterizations are employed to investigate its morphology,structure and chemical compositions.When evaluated as an anode material for sodium-ion batteries,the as-prepared composite is able to display a specific capacity of 254 mA·h/g after 50 cycles at a current density of 0.2 A/g,and 186 mA·h/g at 1.6 A/g during the rate capability test.As a result,the further morphology and structure optimization is still required for high performance sodium-ion batteries.     

浅谈P4的生长

P_4(白磷的分子式)及其衍生物的结构是化学竞赛的热点之一。本文简介了P_4的生长,对近年与本知识相关的几道竞赛题进行了解析,并提出了几点教学建议。